The bioRxiv preprint service John Inglis, PhD Co-founder, bioRxiv and Executive Director, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press inglis@cshl.edu Twitter @JohnRInglis COASP 2016, Arlington VA, September 22, 2016
Preprint ( n) : a complete but unpublished manuscript yet to be certified by peer review “Because the process [of peer review] can be lengthy, authors use the bioRxiv service to make their manuscripts available as preprints before peer review, allowing other scientists to see, discuss, and comment on the findings immediately”
• Simple submission process • Authors’ PDFs – no typesetting/mark-up • Posting almost immediate, with screening but no peer review • Revised versions can be posted any time • Submission and access are free
Why did we start bioRxiv?
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY
Research at Cold Spring Harbor • 600 scientific staff • 50 research groups • Molecular biology and genetics • Cancer • Neuroscience • Plant biology • Genomics and bioinformatics • Quantitative biology
Science education & communication at Cold Spring Harbor Conferences • Meetings • The Banbury Center • Cold Spring Harbor Asia, Suzhou, China Professional education • Residential lab and lecture courses • Watson School of Biological Sciences Publishing • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Books Research journals Review journals
The mission of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory To create knowledge and to share knowledge
What biologists were saying “It’s ridiculous I have to wait months to read a paper while it goes through peer review…let me decide for myself whether it’s any good” “Think how much time is wasted!” “I am writing a grant but the paper is not going to be published by the time I submit. The solution is a preprint server that can be referenced”
arXiv: a million preprints in physics, math, comp sci, quant bio • Established 1991 • Mechanism for sharing findings prior to publication & establishing priority • In 2012, number of biology submissions increased
Launched November 2013
Commercial models For-profit start-up, conduit to PeerJ journal For-profit, public peer-review journal For-profit, host for figures, partial papers, etc.
Non-profit, publisher-neutral models Non-profit funded by Cornell, libraries & foundations, hosted by Cornell Non-profit funded by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory & Lourie Foundation, hosted by HighWire Press ChemRxiv Non-profit to be launched by American Chemical Society Non-profit hosted by Open Science Framework Non-profit owned by SIPS, hosted by Open Science Framework
Benefits of preprints • Rapid transmission of results • Pre-publication feedback/discussion • Visibility, especially for early-career scientists • Evidence of productivity for grant/hiring committees
Accelerating communication bioRxiv Received-published Received-accepted Accepted-published Data courtesy of Stephen Royle
bioRxiv screening Rejected (not science, nonsense, health threat) Affiliate flags paper for attention Author Author Affiliate oks Staff Affiliate manuscript submits proofs check screens Manuscript Posted ms ms ms ms versioning Author Author Staff resubmits proofs check ms ms ms Viewable by Affiliates Viewable by all
bioRxiv features • Posted manuscript date-stamped + given a DOI (citable) • Choice of article type (New, Confirmatory, or Contradictory Results) • 26 subject categories • Choice of license (CC0, CC BY, CC BY-NC, CC BY-ND, CC BY-NC-ND, all rights reserved) • Article metrics and altmetrics • Commenting • Links to published versions • Indexed in Google Scholar
Posts • 6000 posted manuscripts (>90% approved) • 30% revised (many more than once) • 26,000 authors • 2600 institutions • 42 countries • 60% of manuscripts published, in >300 journals
Posts
bioRxiv by subject
arXiv by subject
Usage
Feedback/discussion Blogs Direct commenting Social media Email ? 58K
Progress • Behavior change: more biologists posting/reading preprints • Policy change: more journals allow preprint posting • Rule change: NIH biosketch can now cite non-peer-reviewed publications • Change in community awareness
ASAPbio impact
ASAPbio survey
Change in journal policies
Changing citation policies
Changing indexing policies
Improving discovery
Improving discovery
Partnering with journals Preprint posted One-click submission Simultaneous submission Peer review Formal Submission publication Yur journal here
Further integration? Preprint Commenting posted Social media ? Peer review Formal Submission publication Yur journal here
Conference integration
Partnering with societies Automated feeds Curated ‘channels’ Meeting ‘channels’ Discussion Journals
bioRxiv as a communication hub Reproducibility Certification Confirmatory results Journals Contradictory results Blogs Meetings Discussion
Next priorities • Expanding the available journal submission choices • Expanding ingestion of manuscripts from journals • Developing APIs for third party services • Expanding governance • Adding services for authors, eg Hypothes.is • Continuing advocacy for preprints with societies, funders, etc. • Consolidating future funding
Open issues • Priority claims and scooping • Clinical scope • Clinical criteria • Citation linking/summing • Discoverability • Retractions • License conflicts
Grateful thanks to: The bioRxiv Team Jan Argentine Linda Sussman Ted Roeder Richard Sever Inez Sialiano The bioRxiv Affiliates and Advisors Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory HighWire Press The Lourie Foundation Partner Publishers Partner Submission Systems
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