t ss t - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
trt t s t ss t
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
❚❤✐s r❡s❡❛r❝❤ ✐s s✉♣♣♦rt❡❞ ❜② t❤❡ ❇❛♥❦❛r❞ ❋✉♥❞ ❢♦r P♦❧✐t✐❝❛❧ ❊❝♦♥♦♠② ❛t t❤❡ ❯♥✐✈❡rs✐t② ♦❢ ❱✐r❣✐♥✐❛✳
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
v v
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 20 miles
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
✯✯✯✴✯✯✴✯❂ ✶✪✴✺✪✴✶✵✪
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
✯✯✯✴✯✯✴✯❂ ✶✪✴✺✪✴✶✵✪
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
✯✯✯✴✯✯✴✯❂ ✶✪✴✺✪✴✶✵✪
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
Full Sample Lowest income tercile Middle income tercile Highest income tercile Level Ln Level Ln Level Ln Level Ln (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Z1 (within 20 miles)
162.51 0.001
0.001 144.98 0.003 (143.37) (0.010) (218.08) (0.021) (161.58) (0.014) (315.81) (0.014) Z2 (20 to 50 miles) 75.36 0.016** 184.24 0.036*** 102.16 0.015
0.009 (84.21) (0.006) (125.44) (0.013) (107.66) (0.01) (174.03) (0.008) Z3 (50 to 100 miles) 191.86 0.026*** 213.31** 0.033*** 111.92 0.017*** 193.09 0.020*** (62.83) (0.005) (99.49) (0.009) (76.17) (0.007) (130.78) (0.006) Z1 × Z2 274.79 0.020
206.44 0.008 292.27 0.018 (197.46) (0.015) (304.62) (0.03) (237.93) (0.021) (417.74) (0.019) Z2 × Z3 149.82
308.41** 0.002 50.77
46.13
(96.65) (0.007) (149.4) (0.014) (121.55) (0.011) (193.16) (0.009) Z1 × Z3
0.019
(163.05) (0.012) (246.63) (0.024) (189.58) (0.017) (354.07) (0.016) Z1 × Z2 × Z3 5.61 0.003
158.93 0.031 325.95 0.027 (222.2) (0.017) (340.33) (0.033) (273.56) (0.024) (464.59) (0.022) Mean spending $11341.01 $6962.96 $8517.98 $16764.47 Number of interviews 454520 142743 153887 157890
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 0 to 20 miles 20 to 50 miles 50 to 100 miles Level Any Ln Level Any Ln Level Any Ln (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Total spending
75.35 0.016** 191.86*** 0.026*** (143.37) (0.010) (84.21) (0.006) (62.83) (0.005) Food at home
10.17
2.88
(11.92) (0.001) (0.010) (7.66) (0.001) (0.006) (5.42) (0.001) (0.005) Mortgage, rent and utilities
13.57 0.000 0.000 87.14***
0.022*** (65.82) (0.002) (0.015) (33.74) (0.001) (0.010) (23.82) (0.001) (0.007) Home improvement 41.84 0.039*** 0.038
0.023*** 0.015 10.40 0.018*** 0.043*** (29.06) (0.007) (0.030) (17.47) (0.005) (0.019) (14.29) (0.003) (0.014) Medical care 19.32 0.001
13.61 0.014*** 0.021 32.21*** 0.013*** 0.027** (17.96) (0.007) (0.025) (11.46) (0.004) (0.015) (8.12) (0.003) (0.011) Transportation
52.39 0.004 0.024* 20.44 0.004* 0.025*** (75.40) (0.005) (0.022) (47.97) (0.003) (0.014) (34.10) (0.002) (0.010) Clothes 13.73 0.032*** 0.068*** 7.47 0.025*** 0.040*** 9.99* 0.016*** 0.045*** (9.98) (0.006) (0.022) (6.99) (0.003) (0.014) (5.43) (0.003) (0.010) Food away and entertainment -54.59** 0.003
8.26 0.004 0.036*** 34.18** 0.001 0.026*** (23.84) (0.004) (0.018) (18.35) (0.002) (0.012) (15.36) (0.002) (0.008) Alcohol and Tobacco 26.16*** 0.074*** 0.039 8.37** 0.028***
1.04 0.009**
(6.91) (0.010) (0.031) (4.27) (0.006) (0.020) (3.00) (0.004) (0.014) Education
0.027*** -0.106***
0.032*** -0.077***
0.027***
(21.46) (0.009) (0.038) (12.72) (0.005) (0.023) (8.79) (0.004) (0.016) Life insurance and pensions
2.75
0.007 (26.17) (0.008) (0.024) (15.37) (0.005) (0.013) (10.89) (0.003) (0.009)
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 0 to 20 miles 20 to 50 miles 50 to 100 miles Level Any Ln Level Any Ln Level Any Ln (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Total Spending 162.51 0.001 184.24 0.036*** 213.31** 0.033*** (218.08) (0.021) (125.44) (0.013) (99.49) (0.009) Food at home 9.27
10.54
(17.75) (0.003) (0.018) (11.88) (0.002) (0.011) (8.65) (0.002) (0.008) Mortgage, rent and utilities 165.46*
0.033 96.86* 0.002 0.018 76.93**
0.024* (86.13) (0.004) (0.028) (50.23) (0.002) (0.017) (34.38) (0.002) (0.013) Home improvement 55.07 0.038** 0.039 52.03* 0.042*** 0.093** 38.58 0.032*** 0.094*** (43.28) (0.015) (0.068) (27.13) (0.009) (0.042) (25.78) (0.007) (0.030) Medical care
15.20 0.015* 0.045* 15.61 0.017***
(25.23) (0.014) (0.052) (15.42) (0.008) (0.026) (12.15) (0.006) (0.020) Transportation
0.016** 0.022 95.37** 0.007 0.038** (100.57) (0.013) (0.046) (63.02) (0.007) (0.027) (46.21) (0.005) (0.020) Clothes 33.23** 0.041*** 0.095** 24.87** 0.038*** 0.058** 8.19 0.027*** 0.047** (15.57) (0.013) (0.044) (11.17) (0.008) (0.026) (8.49) (0.006) (0.019) Food away and entertainment
18.85 0.004 0.049** 5.51
0.021 (34.71) (0.010) (0.035) (29.01) (0.006) (0.022) (23.56) (0.005) (0.016) Alcohol and tobacco 19.44** 0.084*** 0.036 10.40* 0.029*** 0.020
0.003
(8.79) (0.017) (0.051) (5.81) (0.010) (0.035) (4.19) (0.007) (0.025) Education 22.39 0.000
0.038*** -0.092**
0.024***
(39.06) (0.016) (0.083) (20.50) (0.010) (0.044) (15.64) (0.007) (0.032) Life insurance and pensions
9.54
0.022 (25.29) (0.018) (0.059) (13.47) (0.011) (0.036) (10.53) (0.008) (0.026)
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s
CEX 2001-2013 Lowest income tercile Middle income tercile Highest income tercile Level Any Ln Level Any Ln Level Any Ln Level Any Ln (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) Z1 (within 20 miles) 9.18*** 0.028*** 0.203*** 8.47** 0.033*** 0.129 4.51 0.019 0.099 13.83** 0.032** 0.314*** (2.80) (0.008) (0.077) (3.71) (0.012) (0.165) (3.74) (0.012) (0.125) (6.13) (0.015) (0.109) Z2 (20 to 50 miles) 1.89 0.030***
2.98 0.044***
3.21 0.032*** 0.019 0.22 0.020**
(1.62) (0.006) (0.050) (1.83) (0.008) (0.116) (3.27) (0.009) (0.079) (2.69) (0.009) (0.072) Z3 (50 to 100 miles) 1.07 0.012*** 0.020 0.03 0.018***
2.40 0.008 0.110*** 0.92 0.013*** 0.014 (1.01) (0.004) (0.039) (1.26) (0.005) (0.093) (1.75) (0.006) (0.068) (1.65) (0.006) (0.054) Number of interviews 334015 334015 44890 98231 98231 8522 114961 114961 15470 120913 120913 20898
■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣② ❋✐♥❞✐♥❣s