Sustainable resource management beyond efficiency approach Satoshi - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1

Satoshi Kojima

Principal Researcher Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES)

Round Table 3: Resource Management

Sustainable resource management beyond efficiency approach

Asia and Europe crossing paths on the way to COP21

Conference on Energy and Climate Change 29-30 September 2015, Paris

2 2

Over-consumption

• f the rich

Over-consumption Under-consumption 10 million people die from hunger every year 1.8 billion use less than 20ℓ per day 300 million obese in medical sense Average US citizen consumes 575ℓ of water and 88kg of resources per day

76. 76.6%

21. 21.9% 9%

76. 76.6％

21.9 21.9％

1.5％

% of world total consumption

Poore rer 2 r 20%

Richer her 20% Middle c class

Source：World Development Indicator 2008

Need of global convergence in resource use level

3 3

The case of water

Over-consumption

• f the rich

Mozambique China India USA Japan France Cambodia Bangladesh UK

Source：UNDP: Human Development Report 2006

Virtual water trade (e.g. )

Beef

15,500 /kg of beef Brazil

4 4

Can we decouple prosperity and resource use?

76.6％ 21. 21.9％

Source: Happiness: Veenhoven, R., World Database of Happiness (http://worlddatabaseofhappiness.eur.nl), GDP： World Development Indicator 2012

Trends in happiness and real GDP per capita in Japan

(Year 2011=1) (Year 1960=1)

1 2 3 4 5 6 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Happiness real GDP per capita

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Happiness real GDP per capita

Some part of consumption may be “pseudo-satisfier”

• r “inhibiting satisfier” of the fundamental needs.

5 5

Growth dependence

Over-consumption

• f the rich
• 1.8%
• 1.5%
• 1.2%
• 0.9%
• 0.6%
• 0.3%

0.0% 0.3% 0.6% 0.9% 1.2%

• 12
• 10
• 8
• 6
• 4
• 2

2 4 6 8

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

Unemployment reduction rate [% point] Real GDP growth rate [%] Real GDP growth since a year ago Unemployment reduction since a year ago

High correlation between GDP growth and unemployment reduction in Japan

6 6

What shall we do?

Over-consumption

• f the rich

 Need to establish “green economy model” such that everyone can enjoy decent quality of life without violating sustainability conditions.  Rich advantaged countries must address

• verconsumption not only for equity reason but also;
• To improve their own quality of life,
• To allow more resource for poor countries, and
• To enable poor counties to leap-frog (should not

be “jump to death”!).  Re-examine the relationship between resource use and needs satisfaction. Identify “unnecessary” and/or “undesirable” consumption.  Seek the way to transform economic and social system free from “GDP growth dependency”.