Resource Efficient Europe Harry Lehmann SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION 2012 Resource Efficiency, Innovation and Lifestyles Part of the ‘Towards Sustainable Product Design’ series of conferences 17th International Conference, 29th ‐ 30th October 2012, Alanus University, Bonn, Germany エ E ナジー・ N E R G リッ Y R チ・ I C ジャ H Dr. Harry Lehmann パン J A P A N
エ E ナジー・ N E R G リッ Y R チ・ I C ジャ H パン J A P A N Non Sustainable Anthroposphere „Great Transformation“ Source: Harry Lehmann, 2004
Socioeconomic system and metabolism Source: Lebensministerium Austria, 2011 Per capita consumption of metals in the 20th century Source: Hennicke / Kristof / Dorner 2009
The Ecological Rucksack (“backpack”) material intensity hidden material “backpack” visible material load per capita per year 100 % 76 tonnes = erosion earth unconverted mineral raw fossil biological raw displacement materials materials fuels materials 11 others 6 community 13 leisure 5 education 9 health 6 clothing 20 food 29 residence tonnes 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 per capita Source: Matthews et al. 2000; Bringezu / Schütz 2001 Global resource extraction and use Resources consumption • Today's per ‐ capita consumption 22 kilograms per day on global average (DMC) • Today’s per ‐ capita consumption 40 kilograms per day, if we include the unused extraction of materials, the „ecological rucksack“ (TMC) Drivers of increasing resource use • Growing per ‐ capita consumption especially in emerging economies • Population growth • Technological progress (SERI 2008, OECD 2009) Source: SERI 2009
Global raw material consumption per capita Source: SERI 2009 Germany: Total material requirement (TMR) absolute and per capita, 1980 ‐ 2008 million tonnes 8000 120 7000 tonnes per capita 100 6000 80 5000 Erosion Other 4000 60 Metal ores 3000 40 Fossil fuels 2000 Minerals 20 1000 Biomass Tonnes per capita 0 0 1980 1990 2000 2008 Source: Sustainable Europe Research Institute (SERI) 2012
Germany: Indirect imports, 1980 ‐ 2008 million tonnes 3000 2500 2000 Erosion Other 1500 Metal ores Fossil fuels 1000 Minerals Biomass 500 0 1980 1990 2000 2008 Source: Sustainable Europe Research Institute (SERI) 2012 Germany: Change of TMR, GDP, population and material productivity (GDP per TMR), 1980 ‐ 2008 1980 = 100 250 Material productivity (GDP/TMR) 200 GDP (intern. $, 2005) 150 Population 100 TMR 50 TMR per capita 0 1980 1990 2000 2008 Source: Sustainable Europe Research Institute (SERI) 2012
EU Roadmap „Resource efficient Europe“ The vision behind the roadmap By 2050 the EU has grown in a way that respects resource constraints and within planetary boundaries, thus contributing to global economic transformation. Our economy is competitive, inclusive and provides a high standard of living with much lower environmental impacts. All resources are sustainably managed, from raw materials to energy, water, air, land and soil. Climate change milestones have been reached, while biodiversity and the ecosystem services it underpins have been protected, valued and substantially restored. For the EU, resource efficiency is the route to this vision. It allows the economy to create more with less, delivering greater value with less input, using resources in a sustainable way and minimising their impacts on the environment. EU Roadmap „Resource efficient Europe“ Key areas Natural capital Transforming and ecosystem Key sectors the economy services • Ecosystem Services • Addressing food • Sustainable Consumption and • Biodiversity • Improving buildings Production • Mineral and Metals • Ensuring efficient • Turning waste into a mobility • Water resource • Safeguarding clear air • Supporting research • Land and Soils and innovation • Marine Resources • Environmentally harmful subsidies and getting the prices right
EU Roadmap „Resource efficient Europe“ incentives for production and consumption decisions 1. Addressing markets and prices, taxes and subsidies that do not reflect the real costs of resource use and lock the economy into an unsustainable path; 2. Encouraging more long-term innovative thinking in business, finance and politics that leads to the uptake of new sustainable practices and stimulates breakthroughs in innovation, and develops forward thinking, cost effective regulation; Carrying out the research to fill the gaps in our knowledge and skills and provide 3. the right information and training ; 4. Dealing with international competitiveness concerns, and seeking to get a consensus with international partners to move in a similar direction. Online Resource Efficiency Platform (OREP) High Level European Resource Efficiency Platform Consultation process on targets and indicators EU Roadmap „consultation process on indicators “ Indicator scheme as proposed by the EC consultation paper
EEA Report: Resource efficiency in Europe Policies and approaches in 31 EEA member and cooperating countries • reviews national approaches to resource efficiency and explores similarities and differences in policies, strategies, indicators and targets, policy drivers and institutional setup and information gaps • considerations for future policies on resource efficiency which could be considered in developing future resource efficiency policies at the EU and country levels • illustrated with short examples of policy initiatives in the countries, described in more detail in country profile documents available at http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/economy/res ource-efficiency/resource-efficiency http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/ resource-efficiency-in-europe Increasing resource productivity Historical development of material and Factor cost in manufacturing industries labor productivity in Germany (destatis, Wuppertal Institute, Roland Berger) (BMU et al. 2006)
German Resource Efficiency Programme (ProgRess) 29.02.2012 Goals: • Decouple economic growth from resource use • Reduce environmental impacts of resource use • Improve the sustainability and competitiveness of the German industry Impacts along the whole value chain • raw materials supply • production and product design • consumption • closed cycle management ProgRess ‐ Structure Guiding 1 2 3 4 For Environm ent Global I nnovation: Transition: Principles & Econom y Responsibility Low Resource Qualitative Grow th Econom y Fields of Action / Approaches Resource Efficient Overarching Sustainable Resource Efficient Closed Cycle Raw Materials Supply Consumption Instruments Production Management Raw Materials Product Responsibility Instruments for Efficiency Advice Awareness Raising Strategy Market Penetration Optimizing Recycling Trade & Consumer Production & Optimizing Instruments Use of Renewable Decisions Manufacturing Prevention of Illegal Materials as Processes Research Exports Certification Schemes Feedstock EMAS Legal Framework Public Procurement Product Design Technology & Knowledge Transfer Standardisation EU / International EU - International Exam ples/ Material Flow s • Mass Metals Phosphorus • Rare Strategic Metals Indium • Construction & Living Gold • Photovoltaics, Electric mobility Plastics waste • Green IT Annex: Stakeholders Departm ents, Länder, Associations, I nstitutions
European Resources Forum 12.-13.11.2012 www.resourcesforum.eu UBA Short film "Beyond Climate Change – Flow" www.resourcesforum.eu/video
Summary: elements of a global resource strategy Absolute decoupling of resource use from economic development (“Factor X”) Introduction of effective policy measures to greatly enhance resource productivity as well as curbing demand over time Seeking societal consensus on ecological and economic indicators Seeking dialog with business community to help redesign business models where revenues would be increasingly derived from quality of services rather than by selling material products Initiating process to rethink lifestyles and help develop consumption patterns based on sufficiency and careful use of natural resources Source: Declaration World Resources Forum 2009 „Great Transformation“ Source: Harry Lehmann, 2004
Elements of sustainable Development “Good” GOVERNANCE NEW GREEN DEAL SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE NEW ECONOMY SYSTEM RESOURCE PRODUCTIVITY RENEWABLE ENERGY Factor 10 ... X NEW WEALTH SYSTEM ENERGY EFFICIENCY EQUITY CAPACITY BUILDING SUSTAINABLE WATER MANAGEMENT SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Free access to Information (Internet) Thank you for your attention! harry.lehmann@uba.de www.umweltbundesamt.de/ressourcen
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