Sustainable development policy of the EU in the context of climate - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Sustainable development policy

• f the EU in the context
• f climate change

Lutz Ribbe (Euronature), Member of the Economic and Social Committee round table EU/ China, Nov 14, 2007

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sustainable development and the EU

• Brundlandt Report, Conferences in Rio

(1992) and Johannesburg (2002)

• First EU-Strategy, adopted in 2001 on

the summit in Göteborg, called: the „Göteborg-strategy“

• EU-summit June 2006 in Vienna: a

revised, „new“ strategy

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Trends towards unsustainability

• climate debate: we do produce too

much CO2

• biodiversity: we are not able to stop the

loss of biodiversity (by 2010)

• fishery: over fishing
• resources: overuse of resources
• water: will become a global issue

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The biggest CO2-producer (2005)

(in million tons)

438 502 611 532 880 982 1406 2532 5327 6526

F r a n c e I t a l y U K C a n a d a * G e r m a n y I n d i a * J a p a n R u s s i a C h i n a U S A

responsible for 2/3 of the global CO2-Emission

*= 2002 source: iwr

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The biggest CO2-producer (2005)

(in million tons)

438 502 611 532 880 982 1406 2532 5327 6526

F r a n c e I t a l y U K C a n a d a * G e r m a n y I n d i a * J a p a n R u s s i a C h i n a U S A

Red = G8-member states G8 (13% of global population) responsible for appr. 45% of the global CO2 Emission USA: more than 22%

*= 2002, source: iwr

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CO2- Emission (tons/ per capita + year)

1,0 3,0 4,4 7,5 8,0 10,2 10,4 16,7 18,0 19,7 0,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,0 8,0 9,0 10,0 11,0 12,0 13,0 14,0 15,0 16,0 17,0 18,0 19,0 20,0 21,0

I n d i a C h i n a W

• r

l d P

• l

a n d E U ( 2 5 ) G e r m a n y R u s s i a C a n a d a A u s t r a l . U S A

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CO2- sources (EU(25))

Power Generation 39% Industry 16% Households 12% Services etc. 7% Transport 26%

Source: DG Tren, Dated: 2004

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Decisions of the EU-summit

• CO2 reduction (EU-summit, march 2007):
• -30% until 2020, if other industrialized

countries contribute in the same way

• “guaranteed”: -20% until 2020
• -60 to -80% until 2050 (basis: 1990)
• ambitious goals! Commission: a new

„industrial revolution“

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CO2- emission (tons/ per capita) 2005

7,5 10,2 8,0 0,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,0 8,0 9,0 10,0 11,0

Poland today Germany today EU today

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2020: goal - 30%

7,5 5,3 10,2 7,1 8,0 5,6 0,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,0 8,0 9,0 10,0 11,0

Poland today Poland 2020 Germany today Germany 2020 EU today EU 2020

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2050: goal - 60%

7,5 5,3 3,0 10,2 7,1 4,1 8,0 5,6 3,2 0,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,0 8,0 9,0 10,0 11,0

Poland today Poland 2020 Poland 2050 Germany today Germany 2020 Germany 2050 EU today EU 2020 EU 2050

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2050: goal - 80%

7,5 5,3 1,5 10,2 7,1 2,1 8,0 5,6 1,6 0,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,0 8,0 9,0 10,0 11,0

Poland today Poland 2020 Poland 2050 Germany today Germany 2020 Germany 2050 EU today EU 2020 EU 2050

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„Revolution“

• Highly ambitious, yet feasible goals
• Commission: „The days of cheap fossile

energies are over“

• As energy becomes more expensive,“wasting“

energy becomes more expensive too

• Technical innovation along with energy

saving/using efficient devices becomes a „business“

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Problem

• How are we to reach a reduction of 20%,

30% or even 60 to 80% ?

• The EU does set goals, but indicates

almost no instrument to reach these goals

• Neither the so-called sustainability

strategy nor the „Green Paper on market economy instruments“ provide for an actual guidance on this field

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Energy package

• 20% of all energy coming from

renewable sources (by 2020)

• 10% biofuels (by 2020 ☺ + )
• Energy efficiency: +20% until 2020

1,5% each year: buildings, cars, products

• Transport policy (more railway)
• Taxation, emission trading

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Are energy saving and energy efficiency sufficient ?

• Reaching these ambitious goals is not a

mere technical issue.

• It takes more than saving energy and

technological solutions

• Is is all about power and markets; the idea

is to „make money“

• Interest groups !

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Centralised/De-centralised structures

• The age of fossile energy was/is the age
• f centralised, relatively unefficient energy

production structures

• Large power plants with low efficiency

rates (35 to 45%, residual heating)

• Very few global operating oil companies;

not many large energy suppliers

• In Germany: RWE, Eon, EnBW, Vattenfall
• In France: EdF

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Centralised/De-centralised structures

• The age of regenerating energies becomes

the age of de-centralised and efficient energy structures:

Sun on the roof (Electricity and Heating) Combined Power and Heating Systems (with more than 90% energy efficiency, instead of 45% in the case of large power (coal/nuclear)) plants De-centralised energy circuits using biomass

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Who will profit?

• New market players, new workplaces in the

regions: energy saving techniques, short- distance supply networks, solar energy and local workforce, biogas, including vegetable oil technologies

• The new „large“ energy suppliers wish to

maintain centralised structures; they live from them (see: biofuel strategy, division between production and network)

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Transport as another example

• today: 25% of all CO2 emissions in the EU
• each European emits appr. 2 to/ year just

in the transport sector global acceptable amount per capita

• EU Commission: + 38% by 2020

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Who is responsible?

• that we have the problems?
• for finding and implementing solutions?
• what is the role of the EU, of the member

states, and …

• … of the cities?
• where does the new “revolution” starts?

„Think global, act local“

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SDS strategy …

The revised SDS strategy described

(9.6.2006):

the need of „decoupling of economic growth and transport demand “

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… the reality

review of the “white book on transport“

(22.6.2006): GDP 2000 – 2020: + 52% freight transport on roads: + 55% air traffic: + 108% Freight transport on rail: + 13% Passanger transport rail: + 19%

an extreme unsustainable trend

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The role of the regions and cities

• 40% (!) of all CO2 emission in the

transport sector are produced within urban areas!!!

• Responsible for the transport policy

there: not the EU!

• We do know a lot of good and (many

more) bad examples of sustainable urban transport policies (s. EESC Opinion)

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urban transport policy!

• No sustainable development in the EU without

engagement of cities/ regions

• EESC asked for …

… promoting public transport!

Wroclaw/ Krakow: some (slow) positive development New trams in Lodz! Problems with structural funds in Poland

… promoting bicycles and pedestrians (= good for environment and health)

big differences: NL = ☺, Brussels = , Lodz = ?

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summary

• We need a new energy- and transport policy
• Sustainable development needs a „bottom-up

approach“, no „top down“

• Without the engagement of the cities and the

regions we will not succeed with the „revolution“

• Who is making decisions?
• Politicians! But: discuss with civil society about

their future and the future of their children

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„The cities are the key player for the sustainable development “

Margot Wallström, Vice-President of the EU- Commission, former commissioner for environment 12.6.2007

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The future

The politicians on local and regional level have to make clear decisions They must to be

„leader of the revolution“

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… let´s explore new avenues!