Sustainability Assessment of Two Alternative Bio-energy Forest Wood - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Sustainability Assessment of Two Alternative Bio-energy Forest Wood Chains with ToSIA by Wendelin Werhahn-Mees M. Lindner, J. Garcia, T. Suominen, T. Palosuo 07.04.2008 The story and methodology equation of the presentation: 1. The
07.04.2008
Pellet Chain (P Chain) Pellet & Chipping Chain (P&C Chain)
Bioenergy thinning Clearing by lumberjack
Difference between the chains
tons
MJ 10.4 generation from renewables MJ 10.3 electricity from the grid use MJ 10.2 non renewable energy use MJ 10.1 renewable energy use
tons 9.2 freight volume tkm 9.1 transport distance road
kg
tons CO2 eqv.
accidents 6.1 Occupational accidents fatal accidents 6.1 Occupational accidents non-fatal
euro 5.2 female euro 5.1 male
person a 4.2 female person a 4.1 male
MJ
m3
euro
Units Indicators
a) effects of additional extraction of forest biomass on sustainability
Based on:
a certain land area (1803 ha)
P Chain P&C Chain
increase in %
318 737 595 078
87
5 604 318 1 6491 609
194
0,99 2,18
120
63 126
101
5 382
n.a.
9.1 transport distance 272 416 363 846
34
9.2 freight transported 1 679 2 822
68
10.1 energy use 1 942 126 2 348 295
21
10.2 heat generation 6 404 935 20 725 555
224
Indicator
Unit euro MJ person a tons CO2 eqv. kg tkm tons MJ MJ
a) effects of additional extraction of forest biomass on sustainability
Total production costs 0,00 0,01 0,02 0,03 0,04 0,05 0,06 Pellet and Chipping Chain Pellet Chain in EUR/MJ
Less costs per unit heat consumed in P&C Chain
Total production costs 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 P&C Chain P Chain in thousand EUR Total heat consumption 5 10 15 20 P&C Chain P Chain TJ
+10,8 +276
a) effects of additional extraction of forest biomass on sustainability
Similar energy use in both chains Pellet Chain more efficient, (0,80 vs. 0,88) Chipping strongly increases the heat generation, > 3 times Energy generation, use and consumption by chain
5 10 15 20 25 P&C Chain P Chain in TJ Total energy use Total energy generation Total heat consumption
10,8 TJ 0,4 TJ
a), b) & c) greenhouse gas balance and social aspects
Total transport distan 10 20 30 40 50 60 P&C Chain P Chain in thousand tkm/TJ Total freight volume transpo 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 P&C Chain P Chain in t/TJ
Total greenhouse gas emissions 2 4 6 8 10 12 P&C Chain P Chain tons of CO2 eqv./TJ
Total employment
0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 P&C Chain P Chain
person year
> + 3 + 1,2 > 25 + 130
d) The potential trade-offs
Total nutrients extrac 1 2 3 4 5 6 P&C Chain P Chain tons Average carbon storage in cut bio 10 20 30 40 50 60 P&C Chain P Chain tons
5,3 44
– High energy use – High transport distance, freight volume – Greenhouse gas emissions balance