Strategy, Campaigns and Tactics Technology and Human Rights Advocacy
What is Strategy? Sun Tzu "The Art of War" • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 2
Levels of Strategy Strategy Campaigns ( Operations ) Tactics • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 3
Strategy στρατηγός (Ancient Greek) - general, commander STRATEGY - A plan of action or policy designed to achieve a major or overall aim. Example: Otpor's Strategy against Milosevic • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 4
Campaign / Operation campus (Latin) - open field CAMPAIGN - More limited plan of action aimed at achieving a specific objective as part of a wider strategy . Example: "Gotov je" (He is finished) Campaign • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 5
Tactic τακτική )Ancient Greek( - arrangement of forces TACTIC - specific action or task, within a wider operation/campaign . Example: road blockades and barricades • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 6
Strategy and Tactics “Strategy without tactics is the slowest route to victory. Tactics without strategy is the noise before defeat.” (Sun Tzu, again) TIP: Campaigns serve as links between strategy and tactics! • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 7
Levels of Planning Planning strategic operational tactical Detail low medium high short Term long term mid term term Scope national regional local • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 8
First step: Vision and Mission Vision of tomorrow: Where do we see ourselves in the future? Mission: What is our purpose? • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 9
Planning process Analysis. Analysis. Analysis . " So it is said that if you know your enemies and know yourself, you can win a hundred battles without a single loss ". Sun Tzu, The Art of War • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 10
SWOT Analysis • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 11
The Role of Strategy Strategy is a science and an art. But it is not a formula. Strategy can help a movement overcome adverse conditions. • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 12
Strategic Level Goals: What do we want to achieve? Methods: How are we going to achieve this? Structure: What do we need to achieve this? • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 13
Operational Level Objective: What do we want to achieve? Message: What do we say? Tactics: What do we do? Organization and Resources: How do we do it? • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 14
Ghandi's Salt March 1930 • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 15
Salt March: Objective Violate the 1882 Salt Act by making your own salt, which is criminal offence. Dramatize Purna Swaraj (Declaration of Independence) in a way that was meaningful to ordinary Indians. Build unity between Hindus and Muslims by fighting a wrong that touched them equally. • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 16
Salt March: Objective ..." on the eleventh day of this month I shall proceed with such co-workers of the Ashram as I can take, to disregard the provisions of the Salt Laws. I regard this tax to be the most iniquitous of all from the poor man's standpoint. As the Independence movement is essentially for the poorest in the land, the beginning will be made with this evil ". Ghandi's letter to the Viceroy, Lord Irwin, March 2, 1930 • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 17
Salt March: Message “The British are ruling this country for their own benefit, so why should we help them?” • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 18
Salt March: Tactics • Picketing liquor stores • Social boycotts • Marching to salt depots • Salt raids • Boycott of British cloth • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 19
Salt March: Organization • March to the coast (390 km) • Replacement leaders after arrest • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 20
Tactical Level Tactical sequencing: Tactics are more effective when they are sequenced together to reinforce each other and maintain the initiative. Tactical innovation: The same tactic may be done at a new location, timing, participants, target, message, or in a new way. Or an entirely new tactic may be used. • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 21
Goals and Objectives S.M.A.R.T. criteria George T. Doran, Management Review, 1981. There is no clear consensus about what the five keywords mean • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 22
S.M.A.R.T. S - specific M - measurable A - attainable/achievable R - relevant T - timely • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 23
S.M.A.R.T. Example 1 ..." on the eleventh day of this month I shall proceed with such co-workers of the Ashram as I can take, to disregard the provisions of the Salt Laws. I regard this tax to be the most iniquitous of all from the poor man's standpoint. As the Independence movement is essentially for the poorest in the land, the beginning will be made with this evil ". • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 24
S.M.A.R.T. Example 2 October 5th 2000, Serbia: Specific: counter electoral fraud Measurable: 1 million people in Belgrade Achievable: 10 day build up, convoys etc. Relevant: Milosevic's source of power Timely: before the run-off elections • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 25
Questions? • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 26
Assignment Using the SMART Goal format, define the goal of the human rights advocacy effort in the form of a campaign objective and then present it in one paragraph and less than 150 words to be read by members of the advocacy group who did not take part in defining of the goal. Assignment is due Thursday, October 30th, before the next class. • رشب قوقح زا عافد و یژولونکت • ناویاچیوورام • Ivan Marovic Technology and Human Rights Advocacy www.tavaana.org 27
Recommend
More recommend
