Strategies to Combat Arsenic Calamity in West Bengal, India as - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Strategies to Combat Arsenic Calamity in West Bengal, India

Ch Chittaranj njan n Nationa nal Ca Canc ncer Ins nstitut ute, Kolkata, INDIA.

Madhum umita Roy , Sut Sutapa Muk ukherjee, Jaydip Jaydip Bisw Biswas as

Kolkata, INDIA

• Skin
• Liver
• Lung
• Kidney
• Bladder

Cancer caused by Arsenic:

Objectives of the field trial

To compare and establish the efficacy of curcumin-piperine formulation over curcumin alone in reversal of DNA damage, induction of antioxidant enzymes and acceleration of repair potential in a population chronically exposed to arsenic in ground water. Demographic details of village in Chakdah Block of Nadia district in West Bengal, India Area No. of volunteers As level (µg/l) Curcumin level (µg/ml) ♂ ♀ in water in blood Cur Cur+Pip

Chakdah Block 100 78

250±12 14.00±1.73 2.59±0.38

Criteria for selection of volunteers

Inclusion criteria Exclusion criteria

• 1. Age 25-55 yrs 3. No disease or external
• 1. High blood pressure & blood sugar
• 2. Non-smokers manifestations
• 2. Skin or chronic disease

2.68±0.46

Comet Tail Moment (µm)

2 4 6 8 1 2 3 4 5 6

Con Cur Cur + Pip Plcbo

Double strand DNA %

20 40 60 80 1 2 3 4 5 6

Con Cur Cur + Pip Plcbo

Time in months

Curcumin level in blood plasma (µg/ml) 1 month 2 months 3 months Curcumin 2.45±0.16 2.67±0.32 2.67±0.34 Cur+Pip 2.65±0.04 2.56±0.22 2.61±0.43

0.004 0.008 0.012 1 2 3

Cur Cur+Pip

0.03 0.06 0.09 1 2 3

Cur Cur+Pip

Time in months Absorbance at 535 nm n moles of MDA / mg protein ROS L P O Time in months

0.006 0.012 0.018 1 2 3 2 4 1 2 3

Catalase GPX GST

250 500 1 2 3

GR

2 4 1 2 3 SOD activity / mg of protein Specific activity of GPX / mg of protein Specific activity of GR / mg of protein GST activity (nmoles / min / ml)

Time in months Antioxidant Enzyme Activity

DNA Damage

Catalase activity / mg of protein

SOD

0.002 0.004 0.006 1 2 3

20 40 60 80 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cur Cur+Pip

DNA β pol Topo IIβ PARP I Ligase III XRCC I DNA β pol Topo IIβ PARP I Ligase III XRCC I 43 kDa 116 kDa 103 kDa 85 kDa 180 kDa

236 bp 233 bp 150 bp

Highlights

Curcumin in combination with piperine significantly reduces the extent of DNA damage in a population exposed to arsenic in ground water in West Bengal, India. Antioxidant enzymes have been elevated by curcumin and introduction of piperine with curcumin further increases the level

• f these enzymes. Repair of DNA damage also

plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis and arsenic inhibits DNA repair in individuals. Curcumin induces repair enzymes, at protein and at genetic level and inclusion of piperine with curcumin further enhances the repair process.

179 bp 204 bp

Time in months Repair % Curcumin-piperine formulation is quite effective in reducing the DNA damage, thereby blocking the initiation stage of carcinogenesis. Furthermore, the phase II detoxification enzymes are efficiently induced along with accelerated DNA repair process upon intake of curcumin-piperine capsules. Therefore inclusion of piperine along with curcumin in a population in the arsenic affected area may help to prevent DNA damage, therefore the onset of carcinogenesis and this may have great influence in cancer control.