SPORT The Scintillation Prediction Observations Research Task: An - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20170007482 2017-08-12T05:10:11+00:00Z SPORT The Scintillation Prediction Observations Research Task: An International Science Mission using a CubeSat James Spann 1 , Charles Swenson 2 , Otavio Durão 3 , Luis Loures 4 , Rod Heelis 5 , Rebecca Bishop 6 , Guan Le 7 , Mangalathayil Abdu 4 , Linda Krause 1 , Clezio Denardin 3 , Lidia Shibuya 4 , Joseph Casas 1 , Shelia Nash-Stevenson 1 , Polinaya Muralikrishana 3 , Joaquim Costa 3 , Marcelo Padua 3 , Cristiano Wrasse 3 , G. Fry 1 1 NASA/MSFC, 2 USU, 3 INPE, 4 ITA, 5 UTD, 6 Aerospace, 7 NASA/GSFC

What is SPORT? A sc ie nc e missio n to unde rsta nd the pre c o nditio ns le a ding to e q ua to ria l pla sma b ub b le s a nd sc intilla tio n 6U Cub e Sa t de plo ye d fro m I SS I nte rna tio na l pa rtne rship b e twe e n NASA, the Bra zilia n Na tio na l I nstitute fo r Spa c e Re se a rc h (I NPE ), a nd the T e c hnic a l Ae ro na utic s I nstitute unde r the Bra zilia n Air F o rc e Co mma nd De pa rtme nt (DCT A/ I T A) Va lue : $7.5M missio n - c o st to NASA: $3M Sig nific a nt Do D inte re st 2 A science mission to 8/8/2017 2

SPORT • Joint United States / Brazil Science Mission Concept • United States Joint Science Data – Science Instruments Analysis • Brazil – Spacecraft – Operations 3

Science • The equatorial ionization anomalies Bela Fejer, The Equatorial Ionosphere: A Tutorial CEDAR Meeting, Seattle Washington, 2015 • Plasma Bubbles GUVI (Same Local Time, Different Longitudes) Why do bubbles form and sometimes not at Different Longitudes? Kil, Hyosub, et al. "Coincident equatorial bubble detection by TIMED/GUVI and ROCSAT ‐ 1." Geophysical research letters 31.3 (2004). 4

Plasma Bubbles About 1.5 Hours to form a bubble Dr. Joseph Huba and Dr. Glenn Joyce NRL Plasma Physics Division, SAMI3 Model What is the state of the ionosphere here? That leads to bubbles here ? When bottom side seeding perturbations seem to always be present Retterer, J. M., and P. Roddy. "Faith in a seed: on the origins of equatorial plasma bubbles." Annales Geophysicae. Vol. 32. No. 5. Copernicus GmbH, 2014. 5

Neutral Winds and Conductivities The importance of winds in different regions to triggering EPB particularly wind shears on the bottom of the ionosphere Electrodynamics of the equatorial evening ionosphere: 1. Importance of winds in different regions Authors A. D. Richmond, T. ‐ W. Fang, A. Maute First Published: 7 March 2015 Vol: 120, Pages: 2118–2132 DOI: 10.1002/2014JA020934 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.100 2/2014JA020934/full#jgra51625-fig-0001 Vertical Wind Shear 6

C/NOFS Observations Pfaff, R. F., et al. (2017), Measurement of reversals in the horizontal plasma drifts below the elevated, low latitude F-region at sunset and their implication for the creation of large scale plasma undulations and spread-F irregularities, Journal of Geophysical Research. 7

Scintillation and GPS Courtesy Keith Groves Boston University 8 8/8/2017 8

Science Goals 1) What is the state of the ionosphere that gives rise to the growth of plasma bubbles that extend into and above the F-peak at different longitudes? 2) How are plasma irregularities at satellite altitudes related to the radio scintillations observed passing through these regions? 9

Magnetic Field Most ground/radar observations come from the American sector of unique magnetic geometry IRGF 1960 IRGF 2010 10

Measurement and Instrumentation GPS Occultation Instruments Measurement Patch Antenna Impedance RPA/Drift meter Plasma motion Probe Plasma density / GPS density profiles Occultation Star Camera Floating Small scale structures Potential Langmuir and waves E-field/Wave E-field/Wave Scintillation Index Impedance Magnetic field Ion Velocity Meter structure E-Field Magnetometer Plasma temperature Magnetometer Nadir Velocity Langmuir 11

Organization 12

SPORT Instruments Operation US: NASA & Academia Brazil Mission Integration & Management Testing Brazil NASA Spacecraft Launch Science Brazil US: NASA Everyone 8/8/20 13 17 13

Mission ConOps SPORT Checkout SPORT Operations On-orbit Operations (> 12 months) Deploy from NANORACKS 400 km alt Installation Disposal 300 km alt NASA Soft Package Launch INPE/ITA Images: Charlie Gray 14

SPORT Methodology • The state of the ionosphere at Night early local times is related to the occurrence of scintillations at later local times. Local time 17 18 19 20 21 22 – How does this relation vary with longitude? • Use case studies when SPORT ascending or descending node is within 17 to 24 LT sector. Region 2 Region 1 • Examine ~15 degree longitude sectors 15

Methodology Strategy 1 Satellite Satellite 92 minutes later Pass 1 Pass 2 Scintillation Earth rotates under satellite orbit Night detection by GPS RO Target longitude region moves East Measure the state of the Observe if scintillations ionosphere in situ at occur at later LT using Target 1.5 early LT with SPORT. GPS RO from SPORT. hours later in local time 16

Methodology Strategy 2 Satellite Satellite Scintillation 92 minutes later Pass 1 Pass 2 detection Night by in situ Target longitude instruments region moves East Target 1.5 hours earlier in local time Measure the profile of Observe if scintillations the ionosphere at early occur at later LT using LT with GPS RO. in situ instruments. 17

How often are ideal occultation • Study using SPORT in ISS orbit. • Over one orbit in the region within ±30° – ~2 profiles over the previous orbit traces – ~2 profiles occur over successive orbit traces. 18

Ground Network Magnetometers Scintillation sensors TEC stations Imagers Ionosondes 19

Value of Science Curiosity & Knowledge Neils Bohr Louis Pasteur Thomas Edison Application & Use 20 8/8/2017 20

Conclusions • CubeSat missions can be developed with a full/regular suite of science instruments. • Mid inclination ISS orbits allow for the deconvolution of local time and longitude at low-latitudes • A String of pearls mission to increase time resolution 21

Backup 22

SPORT Mission and ORBIT Depletions Magnetic Equator Orbit Track Launch from ISS, 400 km Alt ~3 year life 20° latitude or 1.3 hr LT across an EIA arc 23

SPORT Instruments Ion Velocity Meter GPS Occultation Langmuir, E-field, Fluxgate Magnetometer UTD Receiver Impedance Probe NASA Goddard Aerospace USU 24

SPORT Telemetry Channel Duty Rate Bit RateAlongtrack Name % Hz bps km Ion Velocity Meter 1824 Drifts 100% 2.00 288 3.83 Composition Sweeps 100% 2.00 1536 3.83 GPS RO 16000 Dayside Tracking 50% 1.00 1000 7.66 Nightside Tracking 50% 50.00 15000 0.15 Langmuir Probe 1984 DC Probe 100% 40.00 960 0.19 IV Sweeps 100% 0.04 491.52 191.43 Floating Probe Sweeps 100% 0.04 491.52 191.43 40.96 N e Wave Power 100% 0.04 191.43 E-Field 1321 DC field 100% 40.00 1280 0.19 E-Field Wave Power 100% 0.04 40.96 191.43 Impedance Probe 197 I & Q Sweep 20% 0.04 196 191.43 Tracking 20% 40.00 192 0.19 Fluxgate Magnetometer 2880 DC field 100% 40.00 2880 0.19 Star Imager 1500 Star Subimage 100% 1.00 1500 7.66 50 Mbit/second Downlink giving Other 2624 Science GPS timeing 100% 40.00 2560 0.19 a safety factor of 14 Science Housekeeping 100% 0.10 64 76.57 Rate collected on orbit 31210 25