SmartData para uma Internet Confiável de Coisas Ciber-Físicas Antônio Augusto Fröhlich
Summary The IoT ● Smart Cities, the Smart Grid, and Smart Things ● CPS @ IoT (vs Smart Phones and Social Networks) Limitations of Current Protocols ● TCP/IP, SSL, SOAP, CoAP, IPv6, MQTT ● Security, space, time, and trustfulness IoT Gateways and Future Protocols ● SmartData: semantics, space, time, and trust ● FT-TSTP: Fault-Tolerant Trustful Space-Time Protocol CPS @ IoT ● UFSC Hydrology Sensor Network ● UFSC Smart Solar Building ● UFSC e-Bus
IoT and Smart Cities source: IBM
Smart Cities on the Smart Grid source: Energy Collective
Smart Cities on the Cloud source: Oppino
Smart Things Everywhere: the Internet of Things source: Google
Are we Building Killer Robots? source: Sony Pictures
Actually, Yes! source: Google, Volvo and Thames
Actually, Yes! source: Google, Volvo and Thames
Internet of PC-like Things PC-like gadgets ● Android@Linux OS ● Cloud-connected apps ● Ordinary TCP/IP stack Susceptible to the same problems of the ordinary Internet Initial push!
We Cannot Build the IoT on old Internet Technology! Smart light bulb leaks Wi-Fi passwords http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-28208905 Hacker shows off lethal attack on wireless Medical Device http://go.bloomberg.com/tech-blog/2012-02-29-hacker-shows-off-lethal-attack-by-controlling-wireless -medical-device/ “Thingbot”-net http://www.proofpoint.com/products/targeted-attack-protection/internet-of-things.php Router-based Botnet http://www.darkreading.com/attacks-breaches/router-based-botnet-on-the-loose/d/d-id/1130625 SmartTV hack https://securityledger.com/2013/08/samsung-smart-tv-like-a-web-app-riddled-with-vulnerabilities/ “Hacking Medical Devices for fun and insulin” http://media.blackhat.com/bh-us-11/Radcliffe/BH_US_11_Radcliffe_Hacking_Medical_Devices_WP. pdf
Internet of Cyber-Physical Things Zillions of smart objects Embedded Systems ● Resource-constrained (energy, processing, storage, networking) Internet ● Event-driven (parallel and asynchronous) ● Aware of time and space ● Dependable, Secure, and Trustful
IoT ↔ Internet Gateway Do Things have to talk TCP/IP? And be subjected to the same problems of the ordinary Internet?
SmartData for IoT
IoT↔Internet with SmartData
SmartData SI Units (inspired by IEEE 1451) Data Origin (x,y,z,t) Unit Value Expiry MAC
SmartData API Transducer SmartData +SmartData(dev, expiry, mode) +SmartData(region, expiry, period, fuser) +SmartData(controller, period, smartdata...) +operator Value() : Value +operator=(value) +location(): Coordinates +time(): Time +wait() Messages Region (x,y,z,r,t 0 ,t f ) Unit Mode Error Period Interest Response Origin (x,y,z,t) Unit Value Expiry Error MAC Command Region (x,y,z,r,t 0 ,t f ) Unit Period
Speculative Precision Time Protocol (SPTP) Header
Heuristic Cooperative Calibration Positioning System (HeCoPS) Header
TSTP Security Bootstraping Elliptic Curve Diffie–Hellman Poly1305-AES Synchronous clocks
SmartData Trickling Machine learning on time-series of real P sensors in the field = P = P = Sensor and sink run D X the same predictor P = ● Sensor only transmits P = what is miss-predicted D X P = P = P = D X
SmartData Trustfulness Machine learning on time-series of real il pleut! C’est -5°C sensors in the field il a -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 le soleil! ● Feature selection 3 3 Vous êtes 2 2 tous fous, ● Bayesian classification il neige! C’est 30°C les gars! 1 1 ● Offline learning 0 0 0 0 ● NN optimization with GA -1 -1 -2 -2 ● Online prediction with NN -3 -3 0 1 2 3 -3 -2 -1 Data tagged with confidence based on correlation Security issues!
FT-TSTP -13 -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 -2 -2 -3 -3 -4 -4 -5 -5 -6 -6 -7 -7 -13 -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Secure SmartData Gateway Enclaved Gateway Application Trustfulness from SmartData Time from SmartData Location from SmartData Data Application JSON SmartData HTTPS TSTP TCP SSL / DTLS Fusion Trickle Energy Auth Crypt Timing IPv4 / IPv6 MAC Routing Location MAC PHY IEEE 802.15.4 / BLE / 5G Internet IoT
SmartData Integrity: Blockchain IoT Gateways Internet IoT Devices Encrypted Ledger o t p y Signed Ledger r s C e h s a H Geolocated Data Cloud Storage Timed Ledger SmartData TPC/IP TSL
SmartData Integrity: Untrusted GW Security Agent public private Hash 1 Data 2 Log 1 Log 1 Hash 2 Encrypted Data 1 Hashes and Log 2 Sampled Data Log n Log 2 Hash n Data n-1 Log n SmartData Cloud Storage
LISHA’s IoT Platform IoT Gateways IoT Devices Internet TPC/IP TSL Learning Machine Analytics SmartData@TSTP Timed Geolocated Signed Encrypted
AI with LISHA’s IoT Platform
AI with LISHA’s IoT Platform source: Universal Pictures
Smart with a Brain, sort of... r e f e r e n c e error input output + Controller Plant measurement Sensors
Smart with a Brain, sort of... Model Model Model Model mode Ruler setpoints r e f e r e n c e error input output + Controller Plant measurement Sensors
UFSC Environmental Monitoring
UFSC Smart Solar Building TOTAL POWER 50 kWp
UFSC Smart Solar Building TOTAL POWER 50 kWp
UFSC Smart eBus
LISHA The Software/Hardware Integration Lab at the Federal University of Santa Catarina has been established in 1984 to promote research on the frontier between software and hardware Come to work with us in beautiful Floripa!
Credits Davi Resner ● Consolidated 10 years of WSN research ● TSTP main developer ● Protocol performance evaluation César Huegel Richa ● Consolidated the cloud part of the platform ● IoT and Vehicles ● Predictors Lucas Wanner ● Former PostDoc, now Professor at UNICAMP ● WSN and CPSoC ● AI enthusiast that pushed LISHA into it
Obrigado! Antônio Augusto Fröhlich lisha.ufsc.br
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