11/30/18 Why SASA??? A SASA Provides: Wh Situation Assessment and Stakeholder Analysis for A A flexi xible framework to understand the issues, the context and history of the issues, the stakeholders and their agenda, boundaries of interest, Citizen Science relationships and their hierarchy, and appropriate approaches and processes relevant to the issues. An An opportunity to frame oneself within the situation: What are your A Citizen Science Association of America webinar personal history, lens, biases, opinions, etc. that may influence how you 30 November 2018 approach your work, and how communities relate to you (potentially Dr. Stacy Lynn affecting your project’s success)? Colorado State University, CitSci.org and CSA Ethics Committee Co-chair 2 Col Collabor oration on The The SASA Process is… • Purpose-Driven • Flexible Principles of Collaborative Pr Pr Problem Solving • Inclusive • Ongoing • Collaborative Joining together to do together what one • Broad • Reflective could not accomplish alone. • Respectful • Educational • Accountable PLUS, in research and action, ensuring • Voluntary • Time Limited equity of input, process, and outcome. • Self-Designed • Realistic • Engaging 3 4 1
11/30/18 Ta Take a Systems Approach Step out of your box. The goal is to step back to look at: Take a holistic view. • FRAMING – The bigger picture and context of the question(s) at hand • NETWORKS – The interrelationships between system components/people themselves and the broader system • UTILITY – Possible broader applications AND unintended consequences of Talk to people. the study See the bigger picture. Think about your situation, how you have approached it so far, and what happens when you step back to change your framing, expand your networks, and think of the broader utility of the work that you are doing. Re-evaluate. 5 6 Wh What Is Situation Assessment? Needs Sense of Place Power Situation : Equity Risk 1) The issue at hand; Values 2) How the issue is situated, or sits, in a greater context. Citizen Science Issue/Effort Assessment : Safety & Security Culture What are you walking into? Tradition What has happened so far? History Economics Who has come before? Politics Boundaries & Scale Ethics 8 2
11/30/18 Th The Core of Situation Assessment Wh Why Situation Assessme ment? • WHAT are the issues and their context and history? What don’t you know The goal is to step inside to look at: that you should know? Are you asking the right questions? Is there • The specifics of the question(s) and people at hand conflict? Common ground? • The interrelationships between system components • WHO has an interest and what are the relationships (e.g., power, hierarchy), interests, concerns, and goals? Who are your volunteers? • How to address the needs of multiple stakeholders • WHY do the issues exist and why are you the person to do this work (or not)? And to step outside to: • WHERE are the issues, and what boundaries define or span the system? • Identify the broad surrounding elements that could either impact or • WHEN did the issues begin to form and what is the history? What is so be impacted by the issues or outcomes of the work important about now? Are the issues time sensitive? • HOW to go about your work? How to enter? What is the potential for collaboration, negotiation? What is the platform? Who are you, what are your lens and biases, and what is your role in moving forward? 9 10 ZOOM OUT START HERE Conduct a (remote) preliminary assessment to 1. What is your question/issue? collect background information, then an in-situ full assessment to: 2. How was it defined and who defined it? Fill in gaps – (we are academics and practitioners with our Refine your framing own sense of interests that drive our work) – Re-evaluate your role and approach – – Re-evaluate your plan/scope – Re-visit your assumptions (value, relationships, important context and drivers, and more) 11 12 3
11/30/18 ZOOM BACK IN Geographically Map the Situation Ge How are you defining the scope of your project: • Spatially/Geographically? • Sketch it: Draw a rough map of your study area and the • Temporally? boundaries as you define them. • Socially? • Question it: How did you determine the boundaries of your • Ecologically? study system/area? • Disciplinarily? Is there a role or need for collaboration? Is there a • Think about it: What lies inside your geographic study area? platform? In conflict, where is the COMMON What lies outside that could be relevant to your study? GROUND? What could collaboration bring to the process & outcome? What will YOU bring to the process & outcome? 13 14 Map Other Boundaries Ma Controversy and Co Co Conflict • What are the non-geog. boundaries of your study system/area? • Issues are personal to people's lives • Temporal? • The issue affects different community members differently – • Social? differential costs and benefits • Ecological? • Disciplinary? • Public officials and citizens often lack close and continuous contact and conversation • How did you define your boundaries, and are they arbitrary or meaningful? • Your citizen science volunteers may be unaware of the context of their work, so training and providing information • What are the benefits and limitations of these delineations? and resources is important. 15 16 4
11/30/18 Stakeholder Analysis Matrix: Identifying Stakeholders and Issues St Stakeho eholder ders s t k s h c e g y t h o n c i t o i r i t v l l s i r a n a e t y u o a e t y e v q i s i v S r t t H L r e a e & v i Topic: TME, Tanzania e y h p e c i n r i • Are affected by the outcome of a decision, conflict or s t t o . r e t o o e i l r c c r r a i l p r p a e S u i n P u e r d v o c v n H d a / o i e e m e E t n g r a f S n a r n v P s i & v l i a e i i s situation i d d d s r d t m t u a l o n a u v n R l i u o o Name/Organization N u W o a W n a C F H L H T I L X X X X X X X X X Local Maasai Pastoralists • Value the outcome of a decision X X X X X X X Local Government X X X X X X National Government • Have capacity or potential capacity to affect the outcome of X X X X X African Wildlife Fdn (AWF) a decision (to obstruct a decision or its implementation) X X X Agriculturalists X Poachers • Have the authority to make and/or implement the decision X X X X X X X X X X X Local CBOs X X X Tour Operators X X X X Int’l Aid Agencies 17 18 What are the Gaps in Stakeholder Wh Un Understanding Issues, De Defining Roles In Involvement? t? • How does each party describe its issues and perspectives? • Identify stakeholder gaps • Do issues differ across power differentials? • How can you approach and engage these • Are there external or secondary issues that can affect the process or stakeholders to get their opinions and involve them as the outcome? a partner in your research? • What is your role/agenda in the issues and process? (discuss • How can they benefit from and contribute to the practitioners vs. researchers) project? • How do your citizen science volunteers contribute? Is their role strictly to collect data and information, or are they potential active agents of change themselves? Your vision of this may change over time. 19 20 5
11/30/18 Wh Who are YOU? Yo Your Role in the Situation • Who are you? What is your racial, cultural, nationality, ethnic, social, work, Be simultaneously exploratory and reflective • language, gender or other background that may influence how people perceive you and their willingness to trust you (often because Be systematic, iterative, and adaptive • of cultural context that you may be unfamiliar with)? What is your personality? Listen, learn, share honestly, and collaborate • • Why are you here? What is your agenda? Be self-aware: Your actions influence others’ • • What are your biases? views of you; Perceptions of you will Those internal to you, or that may be associated with your past? influence your success How open are your views? • What do you have to give? What are your honest and best intentions? 21 22 Filling Fi g in the Gaps Wh What a are t the Ga Gaps i in y your K Knowl wledge? Revelations • What are some of your key gaps in knowledge? • Identify gaps in knowledge or your framing through the SASA process. • What are the benefits and limitations of how you have defined your system or study area? • Which stakeholders, colleagues, friends, researchers, politicians, or • What are some things that could affect perceptions of you in your others can help fill these gaps or point you toward resources? situation? • Are your questions fully meaningful? • Being aware of your gaps in knowledge will help you to inform yourself and your work, to ground it in the local context of your • Has your perception of your role changed, expanded, or narrowed? citizen scientists, and to build trust and affect change. • What is possible, and what is not? What are some limitations? 23 24 6
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