SILICON VALLEY 2.0 Climate Adaptation Partners Forum 4 MAY 2015 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1

SILICON VALLEY 2.0 Climate Adaptation Partners’ Forum

4 MAY 2015 County of Santa Clara Office of Sustainability

2

9:15–10:00 Sign-In, Coffee Social, Welcome 10:00–10:20 Keynote: Climate Adaptation for Silicon Valley + SV 2.0 10:20–11:20 Silicon Valley 2.0 Project Overview

• Methodology + Analysis
• SV 2.0 Climate Change Preparedness Decision Support Tool
• Economic Consequences
• Climate Adaptation Strategies
• Next Steps

11:20–11:40 Question + Answer Session 11:40–11:45 Break-Out Groups Instructions 11:45–12:15 Lunch (continues as working lunch into Break-Out) 12:15–1:45 Break-Out Groups (themed around SV 2.0’s asset sectors)

• Developing frameworks for action
• Identifying early collaborations
• Strategy Prioritization

1:45–2:30 Report Back + Wrap-Up

FORUM AGENDA

KEYNOTE

4

MANY THANKS

• Bay Area Joint Policy Committee (JPC): Bruce Riordan
• Bay Area Climate Collaborative (BACC): Rafael Reyes
• Bay Conservation and Development Commission (BCDC): Joe LaClair
• City of Cupertino: Erin Cooke
• City of Mountain View: Randy Tsuda
• City of San Jose: Rene Eyerly
• Joint Venture Silicon Valley (JVSV): Kara Gross
• Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E): Gina Blus, Sapna Dixit, Kerynn Gianotti, Christopher

Benjamin

• Santa Clara County Public Health Department (SCCPHD): Dan Peddycord, Susan Stuart
• Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA): Lani Lee Ho, Christina Jaworski
• Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD): Jim Fiedler, Sarah Young, Tracy Hemmeter,

Liang Lee

• Sustainable Silicon Valley: Marianna Grossman
• U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (USACE): Craig S. Connor
• U.S. Geological Survey: Dr. Patrick Barnard

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TO KEY CONTRIBUTORS + PARTNERS

5

WHY NOW?

THE 4 FAULTY PRESUMPTIONS OF ADAPTATION

• Event vs. Paradigm
• Reference Point Reversal
• Nexus of Market &

Environment

• New Definitions of Risk
• 3-D Collaborative

Implementation

• New Levels of Ingenuity

and Technology

• It is too speculative
• It is too far away
• It has no present benefits
• It costs too much

6

ADAPTATION & RISK DYNAMICS

CHANGING WORLD WHERE ENVIRONMENT MEETS MARKET Resilience

• Event vs. Paradigm
• Reference Point Reversal
• Nexus of Market &

Environment

• New Definitions of Risk
• 3-D Collaborative

Implementation

• New Levels of Ingenuity

and Technology

Economic Consequences Update Project Goals + Process

WHERE?

• Santa Clara County (1.9 million residents as of 2013) is consistently ranked

amongst the top regions for growth in employment, personal income, and real taxable sales.

• It is the 4th most ethnically diverse metro area in the U.S.
• Median age is 36.7
• Highly desirable place to live and conduct business
• Gross domestic product has exceeded $200 billion
• Property tax assessment rolls have exceeded $350 billion
• The region accounts for more than 75% of all California venture capital

investment (and roughly 40% of the national investment) and 12%+ of all patents filed nationally

• 29 regional parks covering roughly 48,000 acres
• Farmers and ranchers in Santa Clara County grow 100 different crops and

contribute $250 million to the local economy each year

THE VALLEY OF HEART’S DELIGHT & SILICON DREAMS

WHY?

• Climate change presents a complex and uncertain challenge requiring the

dedication and action of multiple actors and agencies at all levels

• Increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations = local climate

condition changes: sea level rise + storm surge (36 to 66 inches by end-of- century), increased riverine flooding, and more frequent / higher temperatures (extreme heat events and wildfires) + drought.

• Potential impacts to critical assets throughout the county: regionally

significant highways and local roadways, water and wastewater treatment plants, electricity substations, technology campuses and other employment centers, homes, vulnerable populations, and ecosystems

• Human health consequences negatively impact the economy, external and

indoor air quality, productivity, inflate personal costs and budgets

• Threatens biological diversity, vigor, and vitality
• The interest in retaining corporate citizens and attracting new businesses

10

SILICON VALLEY 2.0 GOALS

• Identify assets threatened by climate change and the magnitude of the

potential economic, social, and environmental impacts using a robust vulnerability and risk management framework

• Develop the SV 2.0 Climate Change Preparedness Decision Support Tool

(Tool) to evaluate the vulnerability and consequence to key assets from potential climate change

• Identify potential adaptation strategies to minimize climate impacts
• Identify the region’s top priorities and the near-term actions needed to

implement an effective regional-scale adaptation response

• Facilitate and coordinate regional climate adaptation planning.

Coordination, and implementation efforts for Silicon Valley

• Create a set of resources capable of being used and replicated statewide

WHICH OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES

WHAT IS IT? WHAT IT IS NOT!

• A multi-year, multi-stakeholder process and extensive regional effort
• Designed and managed by the Santa Clara County Office of Sustainability

and funded by the State’s Strategic Growth Council

• A Decision-Support Tool designed for flexibility, expansion, replication
• A suite of resources to minimize the anticipated impacts of climate change

within the County boundary (15 cities + unincorporated portions of the County)

• A living Guidebook that provides a recommended set of short, mid, and

long term strategies for implementation

• Helps establish a proactive framework for collaboration between the

County, cities, agencies, stakeholders (State and federal authorities, private landowners, et al) Not designed as a “plan” to be adopted by one or many jurisdictions

SILICON VALLEY 2.0 PLATFORM

12

RELATIONSHIPS WITH EXISTING PLANNING

• Safeguarding California (California Natural Resources Agency)
• State Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA)
• Regional Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (ABAG)
• Adapting to Rising Tides (BCDC and NOAA)
• Bay Area Climate + Energy Resilience Project (JPC)
• Bay Area Housing and Community Risk Assessment Project

(ABAG + BCDC + EPA)

• Climate Readiness Institute (UC Berkeley)
• 100 Resilient Cities San Francisco, Oakland, and Berkeley

(Pioneered by the Rockefeller Foundation)

• Santa Clara County Multiple Jurisdiction Climate Action Planning Project

13

STAKEHOLDER & USER DEVELOPMENT

AGENCY, STAKEHOLDER & FOUNDATIONAL EXCHANGE

PROJECT OVERVIEW

Economic Consequences Update Methodology + Analysis

16

PROJECT METHODOLOGY FLOW CHART

17

VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

18

RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

19

CLIMATE VARIABLE DATA

HISTORIC + PROJECTED TRENDS IN SANTA CLARA COUNTY

Climate Variable Historical (frequency + trend) Future

Sea Level Rise 0.8 inches/decade ↑

• Mid-century: 11–19 inches
• End-of-Century: 30–55 inches

Riverine Flooding Annual (trend uncertain)

• No annual change
• Reduced spring and autumn precipitation
• Generally wetter winter precipitation
• Increased intensity
• Increased frequency of strong storms

Wildfire Multiple/decade ↑

• Increasing in frequency and duration
• Change in severity unknown

Extreme Heat Multiple/decade ↑

• Increasing in frequency, duration +

severity

20

ASSET SECTOR SUB-ASSET SECTORS (TYPES)

Shoreline Flood Protection (All)

• Engineered flood protection (dikes + levees)
• Non-engineered berms
• Wetlands
• Serving other assets regionally

Buildings + Properties

• Buildings (per parcel)
• Property (vacant urbanized land,

not large-scale open space or agricultural land) Communications

• Fiber optics lines
• Data centers
• Communication towers

COMMUNITY ASSET DATA

ASSET SECTORS AND SUB-SECTORS (TYPES) CONSIDERED

21

ASSET SECTOR SUB-ASSET SECTORS (TYPES) Ecosystems

• Natural landscapes (includes

large regional open spaces and parks) Coastal wetland (coastal salt marsh marsh) Coastal scrub Riparian and riverine Grassland Freshwater wetland Chaparral and scrubland Oak woodland Coniferous forest Redwood forest Hardwood forest Lakes and ponds Energy

• Energy generation facilities
• Substations
• Transmission infrastructure

(electrical)

COMMUNITY ASSET DATA, CONTINUED

ASSET SECTORS AND SUB-SECTORS (TYPES) CONSIDERED

22

ASSET SECTOR SUB-ASSET SECTORS (TYPES)

Public Health

• General populations
• Vulnerable populations (seniors >65, children <5,

disadvantaged, those with health conditions)

• Healthcare facilities and workers

Solid + Hazardous Waste

• Solid waste facilities

(landfills, recycling facilities, transfer stations, composting)

• Contaminated land sites

(Superfund, State Response, surface and ground toxicity)

• Hazardous waste sites

(household and industrial waste storage)

COMMUNITY ASSET DATA, CONTINUED

ASSET SECTORS AND SUB-SECTORS (TYPES) CONSIDERED

23

ASSET SECTOR SUB-ASSET SECTORS (TYPES)

Transportation

• Roads (highways

and local)

• Bridges
• Pedestrian ways

and bikeways

• Airports
• Rail (heavy

and light) Water + Wastewater

• Water treatment plants

(potable water)

• Wastewater

treatment plants

• Reservoirs

COMMUNITY ASSET DATA, CONTINUED

ASSET SECTORS AND SUB-SECTORS (TYPES) CONSIDERED

24

PROJECT EXCLUSIONS

Climate Variables:

• Drought
• Air quality (except for Public Health)

Assets Sectors:

• Agricultural land
• Groundwater sub-basins
• Storm water drainage infrastructure
• Supporting transportation infrastructure (e.g. fuelling stations, etc.)

25

SV 2.0 TOOL: VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT

26

VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT

• Analyses the vulnerability of each asset sector to each climate variable
• Comprised of three parts:

(1) Exposure analysis

• Based on GIS overlays of asset locations + climate variables

(2) Sensitivity analysis

• Sensitivity ratings (i.e. the impact of a climate variable on the asset’s

functionality) defined from literature reviews, expert interviews, and input from the TAC and other technical experts (3) Adaptive capacity

• Based on literature gap analysis

METHODOLOGY

27

VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT EXAMPLE

• Exposure analysis: GIS based

(from Caltrans, 2013)

• Sensitivity analysis:
• High: roads permanently

inundated

• Medium: traffic delays
• Adaptive capacity: Low

MILES OF HIGHWAY BY CLIMATE VARIABLE AND TIMEFRAME

ROADS (HIGHWAYS) SLR SLR + STORM SURGE ADDITIONAL IMPACTS CAUSED BY STORM SURGE RIVERINE FLOODING WILDFIRE EXTREME HEAT Mid-Century Vulnerability 2 3 1 67 65 None End-of-Century Vulnerability 3 6 3 67 65 288

28

STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT

TEMPLATE

ASSET CLIMATE VARIABLE STRATEGY TITLE

Strategy Description

SCALE CLASS INITIATION TIMING LEAD CROSS ASSET SECTOR APPLICABILITY POTENTIAL FOR NEAR-TERM CO-BENEFITS IMPLEMENTATION NOTES Timing, Potential Challenges + Solutions, Additional Benefits PRECEDENTS Relevant Case Studies

29

STRATEGY SELECTION CRITERIA

Does the strategy…

• Make sense to initiate in the next 5–10 years?
• Fall within local or regional government, or agencies jurisdiction to implement?
• Allow for use by more than one jurisdiction or agency?
• Address the vulnerability of multiple assets?
• Address critical facilities or lifeline routes?
• Reduce consequences on society/equity?
• Provide a positive impact on habitat protection or restoration?
• Require very high upfront capital cost, and therefore require complex

financing arrangements?

• Provide a positive impact on the economy?

Economic Consequences Update SV 2.0 Climate Change Preparedness Decision Support Tool - Demo

Economic Consequences Update Economic Consequences

36

ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES

» FRAMEWORK

• Economic consequences of a mid-century climate change scenarios on

today’s assets (no adaptive measures have been taken)

• Expressed in order of magnitude ratings

» CRITERIA

• Most applicable to SV 2.0 assets and quantifiable with available data

sources:

• Replacement cost
• Loss of fiscal revenue
• Change in operational cost
• Interruption of economic activity

METHODOLOGY

37

ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES

» ANALYTIC LIMITATIONS

• Assessed four economic criteria that best apply to physical asset

sectors and have available data;

• Other potential economic consequences were not assessed due to lack
• f available data, such as cost of decreased health, loss of ecosystem

services, and higher utility (energy and water) rates;

• Assets and climate variables are largely considered independently of

each other, so this analysis does not fully capture the potential for cascading or cumulative economic impacts;

• Therefore: economic consequence findings should be considered low

estimates -- further study required to achieve more comprehensive estimates, including total societal and environmental consequences.

METHODOLOGY

38

» RATING SCALE (ACROSS ALL 4 CRITERIA)

• Dynamic rating scale uses percentages of economic loss that can

be applied across different criteria and jurisdictions.

• Uses the economic loss experienced in Santa Clara County during

the 2008–2009 recession as the threshold for an “extreme” economic consequence rating (i.e., 8% of jobs were lost).

Low 0.0% to less than 0.1% Moderate 0.1% to less than 0.3% High 0.3% to less than 1.6% Very High 1.6% to less than 8% Extreme 8% or greater

Ranges of Percent Economic Loss for Ratings

ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES

METHODOLOGY

39

• Rating scale for

Replacement Costs, Interruption of Economic Activity, and Operational Costs based on estimated Countywide GDP

• Rating scale for loss of

fiscal revenue based on estimated County and local jurisdiction property and sales tax revenue

• NOTE: all values = 2014$

Rating Scale for Fiscal Revenue Loss Rating Scale for Replacement Costs, Interruption

• f Economic Activity, and Operational Costs

ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES

METHODOLOGY

» RATING SCALE, AS APPLIED COUNTYWIDE

Low $1 to less than $100 million Moderate $100 million to less than $500 million High $500 million to less than $3 billion Very High $3 billion to less than $13 billion Extreme $13 billion

• r greater

Low $1 to less than $1,000,000 Moderate $1,000,000 to less than $4,000,000 High $4,000,000 to less than $18,000,000 Very High $18,000,000 to less than $90,000,000 Extreme $90,000,000

• r more

40

Summary of Economic Consequences for Highways by Climate Variable

ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES

» TRANSPORTATION SECTOR: HIGHWAYS

ASSET EXAMPLE

SEA LEVEL RISE SEA LEVEL RISE + STORM SURGE RIVERINE FLOODING WILDFIRE EXTREME HEAT Replacement Cost Low Low High N/A N/A Loss of Fiscal Revenue N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Change in Operational Costs N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Interruption of Economic Activity High High Very High N/A N/A Overall Economic Consequences High High Very High N/A N/A

41

» KEY FINDINGS: TOTAL ASSETS

Aggregate Economic Consequences for All Assets in Mid-Century Scenario

ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES

SUMMARY

SEA LEVEL RISE SEA LEVEL RISE + STORM SURGE RIVERINE FLOODING WILDFIRE EXTREME HEAT Replacement Cost Very High Very High Extreme Extreme N/A Loss of Fiscal Revenue High High Very High Very High N/A Change in Operational Costs N/A N/A N/A N/A Low Interruption of Economic Activity High Very High Extreme High N/A Overall Economic Consequences Very High Very High Extreme Extreme Low

42

SV 2.0 ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OUTPUT FROM THE TOOL

43

SV 2.0 ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OUTPUT FROM THE TOOL Rating Scale for Fiscal Revenue Loss Rating Scale for Replacement Costs, Interruption

• f Economic Activity, and Operational Costs

Low $1 to less than $10,000 Moderate $10,000 to less than $100 million High $100 million to less than $300 million Very High $300 million to less than $1.4 billion Extreme $1.4 billion

• r greater

Low $1 to less than $40,000 Moderate $40,000 to less than $200,000 High $200,000 to less than $1 million Very High $1 million to less than $5 million Extreme $5 million

• r more

44

SV 2.0 ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OUTPUT FROM THE TOOL

Economic Consequences Update Climate Adaptation Strategies

Organized by Asset Sector + Climate Variable

Shoreline Flood Protection

47

SHORELINE PROTECTION (ALL ASSETS)

» SEA LEVEL RISE, RIVERINE FLOODING

S-1. Continue coordination with South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project S-2. Continue coordination with South San Francisco shoreline study S-3. Conduct an overtopping analysis of existing shoreline protection assets S-5. Increase pump station capacity and provide protection for pump stations S-6. Enhance monitoring and/or maintenance programs for levees and flood walls S-7. Increase the design criteria for current and future flood protection projects from 100-year to higher-impact flood events

» STORM SURGE, RIVERINE FLOODING

S-4. Use the updated FEMA FIRMs to identify the source of flooding (e.g., riverine

• r coastal) associated with the 100-year events

» RIVERINE FLOODING

S-8. Model projected change in the frequency and magnitude of riverine flooding caused by precipitation in the County

RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES

48

SHORELINE PROTECTION (ALL ASSETS)

S-3. CONDUCT AN OVERTOPPING ANALYSIS OF EXISTING SHORELINE PROTECTION ASSETS

Asset: Shoreline Flood Protection Assets Climate Variable: Sea Level Rise, Riverine Flooding

• Commission an “overtopping potential” analysis in partnership with jurisdictions

and agencies with vulnerable assets to assess the location, extent, and timing of

• vertopping of shoreline protection due to temporary storm surge events or

permanent inundation under SLR.

• Will inform prioritization practices for adaptation strategies.

Implementation Timing: Short term Lead: County Potential Challenges:

• Accurate datasets as input to topographic DEMS required.

FOCUS STRATEGY EXAMPLE

49 49

Buildings + Properties

50

» SEA LEVEL RISE, STORM SURGE, AND WILDFIRES

BP-1. Identify a core stakeholder group to facilitate land use planning strategy implementation

» SEA LEVEL RISE, WILDFIRE

BP-2. Identify and consider relocation opportunities for critical facilities BP-3. Provide incentives to divert future development away from high-hazard areas BP-7. Integrate natural stormwater systems within site and building design to expand on- site stormwater management capacity

» SEA LEVEL RISE

BP-4. Partner with corporate campuses to create regional adaptation strategy for Silicon Valley tech companies

» SEA LEVEL RISE AND STORM SURGE

BP-5. Revise applicable building codes to require flood-resistant design

BUILDINGS + PROPERTIES

RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES

51

BUILDINGS + PROPERTIES

BP-1. IDENTIFY A CORE STAKEHOLDER GROUP TO FACILITATE LAND USE PLANNING STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION

Asset: Buildings +Properties Climate Variable: Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge, Riverine Flooding, Wildfires

• Identify a core working group (both public-sector and private-sector) of relevant

stakeholders to facilitate regional collaboration and implementation of strategies related to land use planning decisions.

• Participants champion the strategies that would result in better adaptation planning

in the community and region. Implementation Timing: Short term Lead: Local government (collaborative) Potential Challenges + Solutions:

• New, region-wide, and cross-sector coordination.
• Create a level development platform among adjoining cities with similar sets of

policies on approaching land development in high-hazard areas.

FOCUS STRATEGY EXAMPLE

52 52

Communications

53

Fiber Optic Lines, Data Centers, and Communication Towers:

» SEA LEVEL RISE, STORM SURGE, RIVERINE FLOODING, WILDFIRES, EXTREME HEAT

C-1. Develop detailed vulnerability assessments for communication infrastructure assets

» RIVERINE FLOODING, WILDFIRE

C-2. Assess assets for criticality and consider adaptation options by weighing their relative costs and benefits C-3. Continue /modify existing efforts to protect infrastructure from riverine flooding and wildfire

RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES

COMMUNICATIONS

54 54

Ecosystems

55

» TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION CHANGES, WILDFIRE

ES-1. Climate smart planting palettes development and education campaign. ES-2. Maximize retention of local water through climate-smart range management practices. ES-3. Protect biodiversity through multi-county conservation of climate smart wildlife corridors.

RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES

ECOSYSTEMS

56

ECOSYSTEMS

ES-2. MAXIMIZE RETENTION OF LOCAL WATER THROUGH CLIMATE-SMART RANGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES.

Asset: Grasslands, Scrublands, and Oak Woodlands Climate Variable: Precipitation Change, Temperature Change, Wildfire

• Add an amendment to the Santa Clara Open Space Authority’s Grazing Management

policy and the Santa Clara County Parks Parkland Range Management Policy, which call for range management practices to increase water retention.

• Increased water retention could enhance soil moisture, ground water, and healthy

ecosystems on 62,000 acres of county land. Implementation Timing: Short term Lead: County government (collaborative) Potential Challenges + Solutions:

• Requires an analysis of range-management methods focused on improving water

penetration and retention.

FOCUS STRATEGY EXAMPLE

57 57

Energy

58

Energy Generation Facilities, Substations, and Transmission Lines:

» SEA LEVEL RISE, STORM SURGE, RIVERINE FLOODING, WILDFIRES, EXTREME HEAT

E-1. Develop a detailed vulnerability assessment of energy infrastructure assets E-5. Support the study and development of microgrid infrastructure systems.

» RIVERINE FLOODING, STORM SURGE, SEA LEVEL RISE

E-2. Assess assets for criticality and consider adaptation options by weighing their relative costs and benefits E-3. Continue / modify existing efforts to protect infrastructure from riverine flooding, sea level rise, and storm surge

Substations and Transmission Lines:

» WILDFIRE

E-4. Continue/modify existing efforts to protect infrastructure from wildfires

RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES

ENERGY

59

ENERGY

E-5. SUPPORT THE STUDY AND DEVELOPMENT OF MICROGRID INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS.

Asset: Energy Generation Facilities, Substations, and Transmission Infrastructure Climate Variable: Riverine Flooding, Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge, Wildfire, Extreme Heat

• Support the study and development of microgrid infrastructure systems to provide

enhanced power quality, reliability, and resilience for buildings/facilities both during grid outages and under normal conditions. Implementation Timing: Mid term Lead: County government, City governments, Utilities Potential Challenges + Solutions:

• Legal and regulatory uncertainty, presenting financing challenges.
• Lack of in-house planning, owning, and operating expertise within government

agencies.

FOCUS STRATEGY EXAMPLE

60 60

Public Health

61

» SEA LEVEL RISE, STORM SURGE, RIVERINE FLOODING, WILDFIRES, EXTREME HEAT

General + Vulnerable Populations 3PH-1. Continue to identify populations vulnerable to climate change and develop adaptation strategies and prioritize resources in the most highly-impacted areas. 3PH-2. Compile, monitor, and communicate specific health impacts from climate change. 3PH-3. Increase public awareness and understanding of climate change impacts on health and the need to prepare for these changes.

» SEA LEVEL RISE, STORM SURGE, RIVERINE FLOODING, WILDFIRES, EXTREME HEAT

Health Care System + Professionals 3PH-4. Prepare health care facilities and professionals for climate change.

RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES

PUBLIC HEALTH

62

» EXTREME HEAT General + Vulnerable Populations

3PH-5. Improve access to cooling locations during extreme heat events 3PH-6. Communicate the necessary measures to protect residents and workers at risk to extreme heat 3PH-7. Develop a Heat Island Evaluation program

» EXTREME HEAT AND COLD Homeless Residents

3PH-8. Expand homeless support services during all extreme weather events

RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES

PUBLIC HEALTH, CONTINUED

63

» TEMPERATURE, PRECIPITATION, WILDFIRE

General and Vulnerable Populations 3PH-9. Coordinate with partner organizations to communicate measures to protect residents and workers during high ozone and high particulate matter days 3PH-10. Coordinate with the Bay Area Air Quality Management District in reducing emissions in Community Air Risk Evaluation communities

» TEMPERATURE, PRECIPITATION

General and Vulnerable Populations 3PH-11. Identify locations in the County where ozone concentrations exceed allowable standards. 3PH-12. Continue coordination to manage vector populations during climate change 3PH-13. Monitor diseases to better understand emerging public health threats and use the information to plan and respond to disease outbreaks

RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES

PUBLIC HEALTH, CONTINUED

64

PUBLIC HEALTH

3PH-7. DEVELOP A HEAT ISLAND EVALUATION PROGRAM.

Asset: General population, Vulnerable Populations Climate Variable: Extreme Heat

• Evaluate heat island characteristics countywide, develop heat island maps that can

be used in tandem with the heat-related vulnerability maps, and target heat island interventions in the areas with the highest heat-related vulnerability. Implementation Timing: Short term Lead: County Public Health Department, County Planning and Development Department, and County Office of Sustainability Potential Challenges + Solutions:

• Lack of resources for local implementation.

FOCUS STRATEGY EXAMPLE

65 65

Solid + Hazardous Waste

66

Solid Waste Facilities:

» SEA LEVEL RISE, STORM SURGE, RIVERINE FLOODING

SW-1. Revise current permitting and monitoring standards for all solid waste facilities and hazardous waste sites to include assessments for climate change variables SW-2. Work with operators to conduct detailed facilities assessments at active, vulnerable sites and identify alternative locations in the county zoned to host needed functions and capacities.

» SEA LEVEL RISE, STORM SURGE, RIVERINE FLOODING, WILDFIRE

SW-3. Assess and prioritize the ~130 contaminated sites most vulnerable to climate change variables and work with property owners to develop and implement adaptation plans.

Hazardous Waste:

» SEA LEVEL RISE, STORM SURGE, RIVERINE FLOODING, WILDFIRE

SW-4. Assess and prioritize the ~16 hazardous waste sites most vulnerable to climate change and work with property owners to develop and implement adaptation plans

• r relocate hazardous waste to less vulnerable areas (identified in concert with

local municipalities).

RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES

SOLID + HAZARDOUS WASTE

67

SOLID + HAZARDOUS WASTE

SW-2. WORK WITH OPERATORS TO CONDUCT DETAILED SITE ASSESSMENTS AT ACTIVE, VULNERABLE SITES AND IDENTIFY ALTERNATIVE LOCATIONS IN THE COUNTY ZONED TO HOST NEEDED FUNCTIONS AND CAPACITIES.

Asset: Solid Waste Facilities Climate Variable: Sea Level Rise + Storm Surge, Riverine Flooding

• Work with private owners / operators of the active land solid waste facilities

projected to be permanently inundated by SLR, to assess remaining permitted capacities and functions, and understand any potential ramifications of closing sites ahead of schedule.

• If untenable, facilitate discussions and/or cooperative agreements with other active

and non-vulnerable sites in the County to accommodate capacities. Implementation Timing: Short term Lead: County (with SCVWD, private owner / operators, and host cities) Potential Challenges + Solutions:

• Requires engagement in process + cooperation with facility owners.

FOCUS STRATEGY EXAMPLE

68 68

Transportation

69

All:

» SEA LEVEL RISE, STORM SURGE, RIVERINE FLOODING, WILDFIRES

T-1. Mainstream climate change considerations in all transportation agency planning and decision-making processes

» SEA LEVEL RISE, STORM SURGE, RIVERINE FLOODING

T-2. Collaborate with relevant transportation agencies to conduct a detailed vulnerability assessment of transportation assets and services

Airports:

» SEA LEVEL RISE, STORM SURGE

T-3. Review master planning processes to understand the opportunities and risks climate change may present to the Palo Alto Airport

Heavy Rail:

» EXTREME HEAT

T-4. Incorporate heat-related impacts on rail tracks into existing operations and communication procedures

TRANSPORTATION

RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES

70

TRANSPORTATION

T-1. MAINSTREAM CLIMATE CHANGE CONSIDERATIONS IN ALL TRANSPORTATION AGENCY PLANNING AND DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES.

Asset: Roads (Highways and Local), Bridges, Pedestrian Ways, Bikeways, Rail Tracks (Heavy and Light,), and Airports. Climate Variable: Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge, Riverine Flooding, Wildfire

• Integrate climate change adaptation processes into existing transportation

management frameworks – benefit existing processes that already influence climate change planning. Implementation Timing: Short term Lead: Regional transportation agencies, including the County Congestion Management Agency Potential Challenges + Solutions:

• Appetite for integrating and addressing climate adaptation within each agency’s

end-to-end business process may vary.

• Lack of internal expertise across agencies.

FOCUS STRATEGY EXAMPLE

71 71

Water + Wastewater

72

All:

» SEA LEVEL RISE, STORM SURGE, RIVERINE FLOODING, WILDFIRES, EXTREME HEAT

W-1. Share geospatial data from the SV 2.0 tool with water and wastewater asset owners

Wastewater Treatment Plants:

» STORM SURGE, RIVERINE FLOODING

W-2. Develop a detailed vulnerability assessment of wastewater assets to inform site-specific adaptation options

Reservoirs:

» WILDFIRE

W-3. Integrate projected increases in wildfire frequency and intensity into State, County and city plans and practices

WATER + WASTEWATER

RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES

73

WATER + WASTEWATER

W-2. DEVELOP A DETAILED VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF WATER AND WASTEWATER ASSETS TO INFORM SITE-SPECIFIC ADAPTATION OPTIONS.

Asset: Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants Climate Variable: Storm Surge, Riverine Flooding

• Conduct site-specific assessments using the preliminary assessment findings.
• Will enable asset owners to understand the extent to which the sites are sensitive to

climate change variables, and/or exhibit adaptive capacity (which will ultimately determine their vulnerability). Conditions assessments could include information on the age of the assets, remaining service life, criticality, maintenance history and costs, etc. Implementation Timing: Short term Lead: Water agencies (collaboration) Potential Challenges + Solutions:

• Coordination across different asset owners.

FOCUS STRATEGY EXAMPLE

QUESTIONS + ANSWERS

BREAK-OUT GROUPS

GOALS + INSTRUCTIONS

1. Please review the strategy identified for your group’s asset sector 2. Discuss the sections outlined in the worksheet and brainstorm ideas and details for each, together creating an initial action framework for the strategy 3. Time permitting:

• Please review your asset sector’s other strategies and try to come to

consensus on the order in which you think they should be done.

• Repeat #2 for additional strategies

4. Report back to larger group during final session

STRATEGY ACTION PLANS AND PRIORITIZATION

PLEASE GET LUNCH…

BREAK-OUT GROUPS

79 79

REPORT BACK + WRAP UP

80

SILICON VALLEY 2.0 Climate Adaptation Partners’ Forum

4 MAY 2015 County of Santa Clara Office of Sustainability