Security Engineering Based on Atomically Thin Layered Transition - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Security Engineering Based on Atomically Thin Layered Transition - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Oct 07, 2022 560 likes •869 views

Security Engineering Based on Atomically Thin Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Davood Shahrjerdi Electrical and Computer Engineering Department , New York University Our team at NYU Nano Lab Abdullah Alharbi Ting Wu PhD student PhD

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Security Engineering Based on Atomically Thin Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

Davood Shahrjerdi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Department , New York University

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Abdullah Alharbi PhD student Ting Wu PhD student Sirius You PhD student Zhujun Huang PhD student

Our team at NYU Nano Lab

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Laboratory for Nano-engineered Integrated System

Materials security Nanoelectronics (Bio-)Sensing Flexible Electronics Material & Device Innovations

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4 DS, et al. Nano Lett 2013

22 nm ETSOI CMOS on plastic 28% efficient flexible III-V solar cells

DS, et al., J. Advanced Energy Materials, 2013

Heterogeneous graphene+CMOS for bio-sensing

BN, TW, DS et al. ISSCC, 2017 BN, TW, DS et al. IEEE TBioCAS 2017

Nanoscale devices for bio-sensing

TW, DS et al. ACS Nano, 2017

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Transition metal dichalchogenides (TMD)

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Hexagonal lattice structure with chemical formula of MX2 M= Transition metal (Mo, W, etc) X = Chalcogen atom (S, Se, or Te)

  • Strong spin-orbit coupling
  • Valley degeneracy at k and k’ points
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Negative quantum capacitance

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  • S. Larentis, et al., Nano Lett., 2014
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Proximity effects: Inducing spin-orbit in graphene

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  • Z. Wang, et al., Nat. Comm., 2015
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RF-switches from 2D TMDs

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  • M. Kim, et al., Nat. Comm., 2018
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2-D Van der Waals heterostructures

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  • Substrate agnostic
  • Stacking a wide range of materials (insulators, semiconductors, etc)
  • Rotational alignment
  • No need for epitaxy

Ajayan, Kim, Physics Today, 2016

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Mechanical exfoliation: Isolation of monolayer 2-D materials

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Nobel prize in Physics, 2010 Andre Geim, and Konstantin Novoselov

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CVD growth of WS2 and MoS2

Large-area synthesis of TMDs

  • Structural heterogeneity revealed by PL and Raman studies

11 Alharbi, DS, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2016 Alharbi, DS, Appl. Phys. Lett., 2017

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Understanding inherent properties of TMDs

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  • Highest mobility reported for CVD MoS2 and WS2
  • Mobility is limited by disorders

Alharbi, DS, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2016 Alharbi, DS, Appl. Phys. Lett., 2017 Alharbi, et al. IEEE TED, 2018 Alharbi, et al. IEEE EDL, in press

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Healing defects using superacids

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  • M. Amani, et al. Science, 2015
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Healing S-vacancy defects using superacids

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Alharbi, DS, Appl. Phys. Lett., 2017

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1 in 10 medical products in developing countries is substandard or falsified

World Health Organization Report, 2017

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Our Goal: Creating Optical tags for securing pharmaceutical supply chain

1- Unique nano-tags 2- Physically transient 3- Easy readout

  • A. Alharbi, DS, US Patent pending
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Atomically thin optical nano-tags

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Leverage two fundamental materials properties:

1- Dependence of TMD bandgap size and type on number of layers 2- Possibility to tune growth mode and achieve layer-plus-island growth (Spatial Poisson’s distribution)

  • A. Alharbi, DS, US Patent pending
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Atomically thin optical nano-tags

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Thin-film growth modes

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  • Depends on deposition rate and growth temperature
  • Beyond critical growth condition, the growth mode is layer-plus-island
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Atomically thin optical nano-tags

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Alharbi, DS, ACS Nano, 2017 (Research highlight by Nature Nano)

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Understanding dynamics of the growth

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Large-area synthesis of nano-tags

  • Clark-Evans test suggests complete spatial randomness
  • Avarami equation suggests a 2D disk-shaped growth governed by the

surface diffusion 10 um

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Physical implementation of nano-tags (Nanofabrication)

20 um Raman fingerprint of 1L, 2L, and >2L MoS2

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Edge recombination in 2-D TMDs

  • P. Zhao, et al. Nano Lett., 2017
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Optical properties of MoS2 layers

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Conversion of the analog response to a binary response

Integrated photoemission of a pixel covered by 50% monolayer

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Security metrics of nano-tags

4x1017 worst-case number of attempts to guess an unknown (64-bit) key from another known key.

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Physical unclonability of nano-tags

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Conclusions

Unique physical properties

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2-D layered materials together with fundamental properties of thin-film growth can create new paradigms for securing supply chain

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valuable goods (electronics or otherwise).

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