Section 19: Fracture Mechanics and Breaks 19-1
FIGURE 32-6 Skeletal injuries may be open or closed. 19-2 From: Spotsylvania
Marieb, 2004 From: Garner 19-3
From: Seeley 19-4
Basic Forces Causing Fracture Basic Forces Causing Fracture • Compression Compression • Tension • Transverse Loading Transverse Loading • Torsion 19-5 From: Justice
Tensile Loading From: Brown 19-6
Compression Loading From: Brown 19-7
Shear Loading From: Brown 19-8
From: Al-Tayyar 19-9
From: Al-Tayyar 19-10
Fracture Types • Fractures are often classified according to the position of the bone ends after the break: Open (compound) � bone ends penetrate the skin. Closed (simple) � bone ends don’t penetrate the skin. Comminuted � bone fragments into 3 or more pieces Common Comminuted � bone fragments into 3 or more pieces. Common in the elderly (brittle bones). Greenstick � bone breaks incompletely. One side bent, one side broken. Common in children whose bone contains more collagen broken Common in children whose bone contains more collagen and are less mineralized. Spiral � ragged break caused by excessive twisting forces. Sports injury/Injury of abuse injury/Injury of abuse. Impacted � one bone fragment is driven into the medullary space or spongy bone of another. 19-11 From: Imholtz
From: Seeley 19-12
From: Imholtz 19-13
From: Seeley 19-14
From: Seeley 19-15
It’s kind of tough to tell, but What kind of fracture is this? this is a _ _ _ _ _ _ fracture . hi i f 19-16 From: Imholtz
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