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Rasmus Damsgaard, MD, PhD; FIS Medical Committee
RATIONEL PANIC – FROM A SCIENTIFIC POINT OF VIEW
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S-EPO (erythropoeitin)
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SCIENTIFIC POINT OF VIEW Rasmus Damsgaard, MD, PhD; FIS Medical - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
SCIENTIFIC POINT OF VIEW Rasmus Damsgaard, MD, PhD; FIS Medical - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
1 RATIONEL PANIC FROM A SCIENTIFIC POINT OF VIEW Rasmus Damsgaard, MD, PhD; FIS Medical Committee S-EPO (erythropoeitin) 2 The production of Red Blood Cells 3 FIS Blood Testing 4 FIS before Bengt Saltin FIS after Bengt Saltin 17 17
SLIDE 2
SLIDE 3
The production of Red Blood Cells
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SLIDE 4
FIS Blood Testing
13 14 15 16 17 1987/1988 1989 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2001/2002 Male Female
FIS before Bengt Saltin FIS after Bengt Saltin
13 14 15 16 17 1987/1988 1989 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2001/2002 Male Female
Morkeberg J, Saltin B, Belhage B, Damsgaard R. Blood profiles in elite cross- country skiers: a 6-year follow-up. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2008 Feb 17
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Blood Profiles
Normal EPO positive
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
23-Nov-01 27-Nov-01 1 4-Dec-01 1 6-Dec-01 05-Jan-02 1 8/01 /02
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
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SLIDE 6
Blood Profiles
Normal EPO positive
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SLIDE 7
Erythropoietin
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SLIDE 8
The EPO Test (Lasne F
, de Ceaurriz J. Nature 2000)
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Neo- recormon Eprex Control Subject Early EPO inj. Later EPO inj. TdF Cyclist 1998
SLIDE 9
EPO Profile
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EPO Profile
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SLIDE 11
Previous EPO technical document
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SLIDE 12
Olympic Athlete (ref. Süddeutschen Zeitung)
- Blood Collection Period: 2000-2010
- No. of blood screenings >100
- No. of Urine EPO = unknown but many
- Abnormal blood profile
- No. of positive EPO tests = 0
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Blood Profile Results (ref. Süddeutschen Zeitung)
Normal Olympic Athlete
FACTS
- Haemoglobin variation <5%
- Reticulocytes range 1%-3.5%
- Withdrawing of 1300 mL blood =
reticulocytes >2.5%
- EPO injections >4000 IE three days a
week = reticulocytes >2.5%
- Extensive but unknown no. of negative
EPO tests in- and Out-Of-Competition DOPING CONCLUSION
- EPO in large amount or a
combination of EPO and blood transfusion with constant hemodilution (saline or albumin) for10 consecutive years including the Olympic Games, World Championships and World Series without being caught…
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Olympic Athlete (Medical Condition)
- Benign
Reticulocytosis
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SLIDE 15
Clenbuterol
Beta2agonist (asthma medication) Clenbuterol may increase fat free mass in some animals Clenbuterol is not approved for human or animal treatment Clenbuterol is, however, found in meat from livestock (11% in Mexico – an
increase of 6%)
There is no scientific evidence that Clenbuterol is anabolic in humans Clenbuterol is found in some nutritional supplements without being declared A number athletes have been tested positive for low concentrations of
clenbuterol especially after competing in Mexico and China
A number of tourists returning from Mexico and China have been found with
Clenbuterol in their urine. Contents that were not present upon departure.
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Clenbuterol
One of the largest food poisoning cases involving
clenbuterol happened in Shanghai in September 2006, when 336 people were hospitalized after eating pig meat or organs contaminated with the additive, China Daily
Many more cases of recent clenbuterol poisoning is
published
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Clenbuterol (ref. Cyclingnews.com)
Dimitrij OVTCHAROV’s
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Two Cases of Clenbuterol (ref. Cyclingnews.com, Sport
Federations, various News papers)
Same International Federation Same competition Same hotel Same food Same time
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SLIDE 19
Two Cases of Clenbuterol
Positive test 25 April 2010 8 October 2010
sanctioned 1 year
Positive test 25 April 2010 Notified late September
2010
21 March acquitted from
the use of Clenbuterol
8 June, decision appealed
by WADA
Athlete 1 (5 months) Athlete 2 (11 months)
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SLIDE 20
- The case with the table tennis player, Dimitrij
Otcharov, who was tested positive with a similar content of Clenbuterol was acquitted and his case was NOT APPEALED.
PS.
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