Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Sauna Bathing Habits in Finland Jari Laukkanen & Lassi A Liikkanen Tanjaniina Laukkanen Aalto University, Finland & University of Eastern Finland, Saunologia.fi Finland
Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Session outline 1. What we know now : review (15 min) 2. What we don’t know (2 min) 3. Small group discussion (5 min) 4. Discussion (3 min)
Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Session goal Provide an overview of Finnish habits, question the current scope and opportunities for comparative studies
Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen What we know now INTRODUCTION
Saunologia.fi Motivation Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen When discussing the effect of sauna on public health or the • environmental impact of sauna bathing , we need solid data on sauna usage to estimate overall impact Neither sauna bathing nor saunas are well covered by • Finnish statistics
Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen METHODS
Saunologia.fi Review: data sources Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Origin year N Title Producer Sample type 1984-1989 2327 KIHD University of Random Kuopio (male) 1988-1989, Time use Statistics Random 99-00, 09-10 study Finland 2014 1000 Sauna ja olut Sinebrychoff Panel, not / IPO sauna specific Commercial Research funding 2016 1029 Harvia 2016 Harvia / ? Rianno 2016 394 Suomalainen Saunologia.fi Convenience, saunassa sauna specific 2017 100 Sauna ja University of Targeted sydän Jyväskylä
Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen An electronic survey at Saunologia.fi in 2016 A FINN IN A SAUNA
Saunologia.fi Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen
Saunologia.fi Habits to investigate Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen What motivates sauna going? • What type of saunas are visited? • How often? • How much time under heat exposure? • What are conditions alike? • What happens during bathing? • What other things besides sweating takes place? •
Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen FINDINGS
Saunologia.fi Overview Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen 1980’s: on average 2-3 times a week. • 2000’s mode to be ‘once a week’, 67% of all sauna bath at • least so frequently. 2% did not use sauna. The survey from 2014 sample found that 31% of participants • used sauna on a less than a weekly basis. Duration in the 80’s sample was 14 minutes (mode 10 min). • Time use study reports 9 minutes in the 80’s, 90’s and • 10 minutes in 2010 sample across all participants.
Saunologia.fi Key findings: frequency Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Many days a week Appr. Weekly More seldom % Daily Almost daily Many days a week Approximately weekly Few times a month Once a month Less than monthly Never IPO research, 2014 •
Saunologia.fi Frequency Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen
Saunologia.fi Frequency cont. Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen
Saunologia.fi Frequency, Saunologia (2016), N=396 Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen
Saunologia.fi Key findings: duration Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen
Saunologia.fi Company, IRO (2014) Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Frequently Sometimes Seldom Never Spouse/companion Alone With family With friends With friends (mixed sauna)
Harvia 2016 habits by Rianno (N=1029) Saunologia.fi Harvia Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Enjoy silence Four popular Only relax habits associated Drinking Socializaing with Finnish sauna Flex muscles & joints Sauna for storage - Relax Apply cosmetics - Enjoy Listen to music Use mobile - Drink Eat Have sex - Socialize Watch tv Read Sheparding kids 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Always Often Seldom Never
Harvia 2016 habits by Rianno (N=1029) Saunologia.fi Harvia Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Enjoy silence Only relax Drinking Socializaing Flex muscles & joints Sauna for storage Apply cosmetics Listen to music Use mobile This almost Eat Have sex never happens! Watch tv Read Sheparding kids 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Always Often Seldom Never
Saunologia.fi Harvia (2016) by Rianno Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen -15%-u -20%-u -13%-u -12%-u -14%-u -15%-u
Saunologia.fi Harvia Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Sauna for storage 12% of saunas are always or usually used for storage L
Saunologia.fi Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Generalization: up to 300,000 sauna lockers in Finland
Saunologia.fi Acceptable behaviors, Saunologia ( 2016, N=396) Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen
Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen WHAT WE DON’T KNOW
Saunologia.fi The unknowns Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Sauna visit duration: total time and time share between heat • and cooling off Sauna environment (temperature & average humidity) à • realistic heat exposure Use of whisks and other equipment • How wood-fired stoves are operated • Amount of exposure to allergens, small particles and other • health relevant factors present How does this compare internationally? • ? •
Saunologia.fi Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Sauna operation Sauna Bathing environment behavior
Saunologia.fi What we don’t know Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Sauna Sauna bathing Misc environment • Total time and • Temperature, time share humidity, • How are wood- between heat convection à fired stoves and cooling off heat exposure operated? • Use of whisks • Exposure to • Comparative and other allergens, small studies globally equipment particles and other health relevant factors present
Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen DEBATING THE OPEN QUESTIONS
Saunologia.fi Within small groups Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen What do you think about the What are the high level habits to • • findings? look into? – If you are a Finn, do these match Where some important items left • your perceptions? out? What should we ask about? – If you are not a Finn, what do – Start individually, then share you think the situation would be your thoughts in your home country? What are valid ways to solve this • question? – Which questions are easy, which hard? – Is it possible that the data is already somewhere? If you are from outside Finland, • what else would you need to ask?
Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Summarize the debate DISCUSSION
Saunologia.fi Summary Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen In a sauna Finns like to relax, enjoy silence and • conversation, have a drink Technology use uncommon and not welcomed • Much of existing research is not random sampled and thus • poor basis for generalization Self-reporting biases in the domain are unknown • How to go from context-sensitive studies of habits to global • scale?
Presented at the XVII International Sauna Congress in Haparanda, Sweden on June 9th 2018 by Lassi A Liikkanen Thank you! J Saunologia.fi
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