Sail DRYA DISCLAIMER The Plot Thickens: Basic Navigation for Racers - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Sail DRYA DISCLAIMER The Plot Thickens: Basic Navigation for Racers - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Sail DRYA DISCLAIMER The Plot Thickens: Basic Navigation for Racers & Cruisers By Kaye Soka Need to know where we are Categories of Navigation and where we are going Piloting - Determining your position by reference to external aids

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SailDRYA

By Kaye Soka The Plot Thickens: Basic Navigation for Racers & Cruisers

DISCLAIMER Categories of Navigation

  • Piloting - Determining your position by

reference to external aids

  • Dead Reckoning – Determining position by
  • Dead Reckoning – Determining position by

Course, Distance, and Speed

  • Electronic – Loran (expires 2/8/2010),

GPS, Radar, etc.

  • Celestial – Determining position using

celestial bodies

Need to know where we are and where we are going

  • Day Sailing
  • Buoy Racing
  • Buoy Racing
  • Destination Racing
  • Long Distance Cruising
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SailDRYA

Need to know where we are and where we are going

  • Day Sailing
  • Buoy Racing
  • Buoy Racing
  • Destination Racing
  • Long Distance Cruising

SailDRYA

Need to know where we are and where we are going

  • Day Sailing
  • Buoy Racing
  • Buoy Racing
  • Destination Racing
  • Long Distance Cruising
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SLIDE 3

SailDRYA

Need to know where we are and where we are going

  • Day Sailing
  • Buoy Racing
  • Buoy Racing
  • Destination Racing
  • Long Distance Cruising

SailDRYA

Nautical Charts

  • Title Block
  • Number of Chart, Date
  • Latitude and Longitude Scales
  • Compass Rose
  • Colors
  • Aids to Navigation
  • Depth Contour Lines
  • Other Charted Features and Information
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NOT FOR NAVIGATION

Describing Position Using Latitude and Longitude

Latitude

measured north and

B 97 05-04

north and south from the equator

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measured east and west from

Longitude

B 97 05-05

and west from the prime meridian at Greenwich, England

Determining Latitude and Longitude

  • Find Desired Position on Chart
  • Read Latitude along Vertical Scale
  • Read Longitude along Horizontal Scale
  • Example – Peche Island Range Front Light

– Latitude – L 42° 21.6'N – Longitude – Lo 82° 54.4'W

NOT FOR NAVIGATION

L 42°21.6'N Lo 82 °54.4'W

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Find Chart Position of Known Latitude and Longitude

  • Find Latitude on Vertical Scale
  • Find the Longitude on the Horizontal Scale
  • Position is at Intersection of the Two Lines
  • Position is at Intersection of the Two Lines

NOT FOR NAVIGATION

L 42°21.4'N Lo 82 °49.3'W

L46°08.1'N Lo82°37.1'W John Harbor

Find the Distance between Two Points

  • Draw a line between two points
  • Use dividers to measure the line
  • Determine the distance on
  • Determine the distance on

– The latitude scale (nautical miles) – The statute mile scale (statute miles) – The longitude scale

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NOT FOR NAVIGATION

3.84 NM 4.425 SM

Aids to Navigation

  • Lateral Buoyage System IALA-B

– Red, Right, Returning

  • NA & SA Coasts, Great Lakes, Caribbean
  • Japan, Philippines, Korea
  • All the Rest, Green-Right-Returning

– Distinct Pattern - Color, Numbering, Lights

  • Lowest Numbers Furthest Out
  • Other Aids
  • Lighthouses, Range Lights, Structures
  • Cardinal Buoyage System

IALA Regions

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L50°22'N Lo04°30'W L45°58.2'N Lo82°51.2'W Strawberry Island Lighthouse L45°58.2'N Lo81°29.3'W Kilarney East Light On Red Rock Point

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Toledo Harbor Light L41°45.7'N Lo83°19.7'W Iso W 6s Ht 72' Ht 72' Range 10 FOG HORN: 1 blast ev 30s

Cardinal Buoyage System

Cardinal Buoy Safe to the West

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Compass

  • Important for Determining Course
  • True vs. Magnetic North (variation)
  • Compass Card – 360 degrees
  • Compass Card – 360 degrees
  • Lubber Lines

Magnetic Compass

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Magnetic North vs. True North

Compass Rose

Variation is found in the center of the compass rose compass rose

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If allowance is not made for compass error, the vessel will make good the wrong course. Correcting for compass error to make good the correct course.

Correcting for Variation T 063° V 15°W V 15°W M 078° D 000° C 078° Deviation

  • Caused by magnetic forces on your boat
  • Wiring, electronics, metal all can contribute
  • Actual deviation changes with the boat’s heading
  • Develop a deviation table to determine needed

correction on each point of sail

Plotting A Course

  • Draw Line Between Point A and Point B
  • Determine Course Heading from Compass Rose
  • Correct for Variation to Get Magnetic Course
  • Measure Distance in Miles Between Points Using

Latitude Scale

  • Calculate Estimated Time Using 60D=ST

Example: 60x13.3 = 6xT 798/6=T T= 133 minutes=2 hours 13 minutes

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Taking a Bearing

A bearing is a line of position sighted from your boat to another object

  • Sight Compass Bearing
  • Sight Compass Bearing
  • Correct for Variation
  • Plot True Bearing on Chart
  • You are somewhere on that LOP

Determining Position

Fix is a position obtained by two or more LOPs

  • Sight a second compass bearing
  • Sight a second compass bearing
  • Correct for variation
  • Plot true bearing on chart
  • Intersection of LOPs is a Fix, your most

likely position

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Plotting Tools

Dividers GPS Plotter Marine Radio Parallel Rules Depth Sounder Traditional Modern Parallel Rules Depth Sounder Pencil Radar Pink Pearl Chart Plotter PC Internet

TYC

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Electronic Navigation Tools

GPS

Marine Radio Depth Sounder

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Radar Chart Plotter Navigation’s Golden Rule Does this make sense? Collision Bearings

  • Situation - Two vessels crossing
  • Note relative bearing of crossing vessel
  • If over time:
  • If over time:

– The relative bearing moves toward the bow, the vessel will pass clear ahead – The relative bearing moves toward the stern, the vessel will pass clear astern – The relative bearing remains the same, YOU ARE ON A COLLISION COURSE!!!

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Navigation Resources Navigation Resources

Piloting Books Catalog of Charts Date of Latest Editions

http://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/dole.htm

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Navigation Software

Fugawi NavSim MaxSea

http://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/chart1/chart1hr.htm

Light Lists

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Water Levels

www.glakesonline.nos.noaa.gov/monitor

Marinas.com Marinas.com

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EarthNC.com

Integrates Google Earth imagery with nautical vector charts EarthNC Plus

  • Vector charts (680)
  • With UBS GPS laptop,

functions as a chart plotter

EarthNC Raster EarthNC Raster

  • Includes all NOAA charts
  • Used in conjunction with

EarthNC Plus

EarthNC Online

  • Limited versions of approach,

harbor and inland vector charts

  • Free

Three Ideas for Practicing Your Navigation Skills Mills Trophy Race Sponsored by Toledo Yacht Club Overnight Race over 3 Courses Begins at Toledo Harbor Light Finishes at Put-in-Bay Friday, June 11, 2010 Friday, June 11, 2010 2 Nights Dockage Included Free Dockage at TYC Prior to Race Thursday Night Party at TYC Saturday Party at Put-in-Bay www.toledoyachtclub.com

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The New Bay Week 2010 Sponsored by I-LYA Feeder Races On Thursday, August 5 Racing on Friday-Sunday, August 6-8 Racing on Friday-Sunday, August 6-8 Dockage Included 3 Courses Depending on Boat Type 3 Night Social Package i-lya.com Middle Bass Island www.mbiyc.com