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SLIDE 1

▲♦❝❦ ✉s✐♥❣ ❇❛❦❡r② ❆❧❣♦r✐t❤♠

❙❤❛♥❦❛r ❆♣r✐❧ ✶✻✱ ✷✵✶✹

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SLIDE 2

❖✈❡r✈✐❡✇

❈❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ♠✉t✉❛❧ ❡①❝❧✉s✐♦♥ ♣r♦❜❧❡♠ ❣✐✈❡♥ ♣r♦❣r❛♠ ✇✐t❤ ✏❝r✐t✐❝❛❧ s❡❝t✐♦♥s✑ ❛♥❞ t❤r❡❛❞s 0..N−1 ♦❜t❛✐♥ ✏❡♥tr②✑ ❛♥❞ ✏❡①✐t✑ ❝♦❞❡ ❢♦r ❡❛❝❤ ❝r✐t✐❝❛❧ s❡❝t✐♦♥ st ❛t ♠♦st ♦♥❡ t❤r❡❛❞ ✐♥ ❛ ❝r✐t✐❝❛❧ s❡❝t✐♦♥ t❤r❡❛❞ ✐♥ ❡♥tr② ❝♦❞❡ ❡✈❡♥t✉❛❧❧② ❡♥t❡rs ❝r✐t✐❝❛❧ s❡❝t✐♦♥ ✐❢ ♥♦ t❤r❡❛❞ st❛②s ✐♥ ❝r✐t✐❝❛❧ s❡❝t✐♦♥ ❢♦r❡✈❡r ❛ss✉♠❡ ♦♥❧② ❛t♦♠✐❝ r❡❛❞s ❛♥❞ ✇r✐t❡s ❆♥② s♦❧✉t✐♦♥ ♣r♦✈✐❞❡s ❛ SimpleLockService(N) ✐♠♣❧❡♠❡♥t❛t✐♦♥ ❲❡ ✇✐❧❧ ♦❜t❛✐♥ ♦♥❡ ✉s✐♥❣ t❤❡ ❇❛❦❡r② ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ❤✉♥❣r②✿ ♦♥❣♦✐♥❣ r❡q✉❡st ❢♦r t❤❡ ❧♦❝❦ ❡❛t✐♥❣✿ ❤♦❧❞s t❤❡ ❧♦❝❦❀ ✐♥ ❝r✐t✐❝❛❧ s❡❝t✐♦♥ t❤✐♥❦✐♥❣✿ ♥❡✐t❤❡r ❤✉♥❣r② ♥♦r ❡❛t✐♥❣ ✴✴ ❝♦♥✈❡♥t✐♦♥s

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SLIDE 3

❚❤❡ ❇❛❦❡r② ❆♣♣r♦❛❝❤

❱❛r✐❛❜❧❡s s❤❛r❡❞ ❜② t❤r❡❛❞s 0..N−1

num[0]✱ · · · ✱ num[N − 1]✱ ✐♥✐t✐❛❧❧② 0

✴✴ num[i] > 0 ✐✛ i ♥♦t t❤✐♥❦✐♥❣ ▲♦❝❦ ❛❝q✉✐r❡✿ t❤r❡❛❞ i ❞♦❡s t✇♦ s❝❛♥s ♦❢ nums s✶✿ s❡t num[i] t♦ ❛ ✈❛❧✉❡ ❤✐❣❤❡r t❤❛♥ ♦t❤❡r nums s✷✿ ✇❛✐t ❛t ❡❛❝❤ j ✇❤✐❧❡

0 < num[j] < num[i]

▲♦❝❦ r❡❧❡❛s❡✿ t❤r❡❛❞ i ③❡r♦❡s num[i] ❘❡❢❡r t♦ t❤❡ ❛❜♦✈❡ ❛s s✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❜❛❦❡r② ✇♦r❦s ✐❢ s1 ✐s ❛t♦♠✐❝ ❜✉t ♥♦t ✇✐t❤ r❡❛❞✲✇r✐t❡ ❛t♦♠✐❝✐t② ❈❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❜❛❦❡r② ❤❛♥❞❧❡s r✴✇ ❛t♦♠✐❝✐t② ❜✉t nums ✉♥❜♦✉♥❞❡❞ ❇❧❛❝❦✲✇❤✐t❡ ❜❛❦❡r② ❤❛♥❞❧❡s r✴✇ ❛t♦♠✐❝✐t② ✇✐t❤ nums ❜♦✉♥❞❡❞

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SLIDE 4

❖✉t❧✐♥❡

s✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❜❛❦❡r②

❙✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❇❛❦❡r② ❈❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❇❛❦❡r② ❇❧❛❝❦✲✇❤✐t❡ ❇❛❦❡r②

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SLIDE 5

Pr♦❣r❛♠ LockSimplifiedBakery(N)

s✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❜❛❦❡r②

▼❛✐♥

num[0 .. N−1] ← 0 mysid.acq()✿ s1: • num[myid] ← max(num[0],· · · , num[N−1]) + 1 for (p in 0..N−1) s2: do •x ← num[p] while (0 < x < num[myid]) mysid.rel()✿ num[myid] ← 0 mysid.end()✿ num[myid] ← 0

❛t♦♠✐❝✐t② ❛ss✉♠♣t✐♦♥✿ t❤❡ ❵•✬s ♣r♦❣r❡ss ❛ss✉♠♣t✐♦♥✿ ✇❡❛❦ ❢❛✐r♥❡ss

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SLIDE 6

❆♥❛❧②s✐s ✕ ✶

s✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❜❛❦❡r②

  • ♦❛❧✿ s❤♦✇ s✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❜❛❦❡r② ✐♠♣❧❡♠❡♥ts s✐♠♣❧❡ ❧♦❝❦ s❡r✈✐❝❡

❉❡✜♥❡ ❝❧♦s❡❞ ♣r♦❣r❛♠ ♦❢

LockSimplifiedBakery(N) s②st❡♠✱ lck✱ ❛♥❞ SimpleLockServiceInverse(N) s②st❡♠✱ lsi

❆ss❡rt✐♦♥s t♦ ❡st❛❜❧✐s❤ Y✶ : ■♥✈ ✭t❤r❞ ❛t doAcq(i).ic✮ ⇒ ✭♥♦ t❤r❞ ❡❛t✐♥❣✮ Y✷ : t❤r❞ i ✐♥ lck.rel r❡t✉r♥s Y✸ : t❤r❞ i ✐♥ lck.end r❡t✉r♥s Y✹ : ❡✈❡r② ❤✉♥❣r② t❤r❞ ❜❡❝♦♠❡s ❡❛t✐♥❣ ✐❢ ❡❛t✐♥❣ ✐s ❜♦✉♥❞❡❞ Y✷ ❛♥❞ Y✸ ❤♦❧❞ tr✐✈✐❛❧❧② ✴✴ lck.rel✱ lck.end ♥♦♥✲❜❧♦❝❦✐♥❣ Pr♦♦❢s ♦❢ Y✶ ❛♥❞ Y✹ ❢♦❧❧♦✇

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SLIDE 7

❆♥❛❧②s✐s ✕ ✷

s✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❜❛❦❡r②

■♥str✉❝t✐✈❡ t♦ ❞❡✜♥❡ ❛ ❤②♣♦t❤❡t✐❝❛❧ q✉❡✉❡ ♦❢ ❝♦♥t❡♥❞❡rs Q✿ s❡q✉❡♥❝❡ ♦❢ ✐❞s ♦❢ ♥♦♥✲t❤✐♥❦✐♥❣ t❤r❡❛❞s ✐♥ ✐♥❝r❡❛s✐♥❣ num ♦r❞❡r

i ❥♦✐♥s ✴ ❧❡❛✈❡s Q ✇❤❡♥ ✐t ❡①❡❝✉t❡s s✶ ✴ rel nums ✐♥ Q ❛r❡ ❞✐st✐♥❝t

✴✴ s✶ ✐s ❛t♦♠✐❝ ❛rr✐✈❛❧ ❥♦✐♥s ❛t t❛✐❧ ✴✴ ✧ ✧

i ❛❤❡❛❞✲♦❢ j✿ 0 < num[i] < num[j] i ♣❛ss❡❞ j✿ i ✐s ❡❛t✐♥❣ ♦r i ✐s ✐♥ s✷ ✇✐t❤ i.p > j

■❢ i ❛❤❡❛❞✲♦❢ j t❤❡♥ j ❝❛♥♥♦t ♣❛ss i s♦ ♦♥❧② t❤❡ t❤r❡❛❞ ❛t t❤❡ ❤❡❛❞ ♦❢ Q ❝❛♥ ❡❛t ✴✴ Y✶ ■❢ i ❛t ❤❡❛❞ ♦❢ Q t❤❡♥ i ♣❛ss❡s ❡✈❡r② j s♦ i ❡❛ts ❛♥❞ t❤❡♥ ❧❡❛✈❡s Q ❛t ✇❤✐❝❤ ♣♦✐♥t ❡✈❡r② j ✐♥ Q ❣❡ts ❝❧♦s❡r t♦ t❤❡ ❤❡❛❞ ✴✴ Y✹

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SLIDE 8

❖✉t❧✐♥❡

r✴✇ ❛t♦♠✐❝✐t② s✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❜❛❦❡r②

❙✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❇❛❦❡r②

❙✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❜❛❦❡r②✿ ❢❛✐❧s ✇✐t❤ ♦♥❧② r❡❛❞✲✇r✐t❡ ❛t♦♠✐❝✐t②

❈❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❇❛❦❡r② ❇❧❛❝❦✲✇❤✐t❡ ❇❛❦❡r②

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SLIDE 9

❋❧❛✇s ✇✐t❤ r✴✇ ❛t♦♠✐❝✐t② ✕ ✶

r✴✇ ❛t♦♠✐❝✐t② s✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❜❛❦❡r②

❙✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❜❛❦❡r② ❢❛✐❧s ✐❢ ♦♥❧② r❡❛❞s ❛♥❞ ✇r✐t❡s ❛r❡ ❛t♦♠✐❝ ♣r♦❜❧❡♠ ❛r✐s❡s ✇❤❡♥ t❤r❡❛❞s ❡①❡❝✉t❡ s1 s✐♠✉❧t❛♥❡♦✉s❧② ❋❧❛✇ ✶ t❤r❡❛❞s i ❛♥❞ j ♦✈❡r❧❛♣♣✐♥❣ ✐♥ s1 ❝❛♥ ❣❡t ❡q✉❛❧ ♥✉♠s ❡✳❣✳✱ ❡❛❝❤ r❡❛❞s t❤❡ ♦t❤❡r✬s num ❜❡❢♦r❡ ❡✐t❤❡r ✉♣❞❛t❡s ✐ts num ❡❛❝❤ t❤r❡❛❞ ♣❛ss❡s t❤❡ ♦t❤❡r✿ ❜♦t❤ ❛❝q✉✐r❡ t❤❡ ❧♦❝❦ ✴✴ ♦r ❡❛❝❤ t❤r❡❛❞ ✇❛✐ts ❢♦r t❤❡ ♦t❤❡r✿ ❞❡❛❞❧♦❝❦ ❋✐①✐♥❣ ✢❛✇ ✶ ✉s❡ t❤r❡❛❞ ✐❞s t♦ ❜r❡❛❦ t✐❡s ✐♥ s2 ❧❡t [num[i],i] < [num[j],j] ❞❡♥♦t❡

num[i] < num[j]

♦r

(num[i] = num[j] and i < j)

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SLIDE 10

❋❧❛✇s ✇✐t❤ r✴✇ ❛t♦♠✐❝✐t② ✕ ✷

r✴✇ ❛t♦♠✐❝✐t② s✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❜❛❦❡r②

❋❧❛✇ ✷ t❤r❡❛❞s i ❛♥❞ j ♦✈❡r❧❛♣ ✐♥ s1

i ❧❡❛✈❡s s1 ❜❡❢♦r❡ j✱ ♣❛ss❡s j ✐♥ s2 ❜❡❝❛✉s❡ num[j] st✐❧❧ 0 j ❧❡❛✈❡s s1 ❧❛t❡r ✇✐t❤ num[j] < num[i]✱ s♦ j ♣❛ss❡s i ✐♥ s2 i ❛♥❞ j ❜♦t❤ ❛❝q✉✐r❡ t❤❡ ❧♦❝❦

❋✐①✐♥❣ ✢❛✇ ✷ ❜♦♦❧❡❛♥s choosing[0]✱ · · · ✱ choosing[N − 1]✱ ✐♥✐t✐❛❧❧② ❢❛❧s❡

i s❡ts choosing[i] ❜❡❢♦r❡ s1 ❛♥❞ r❡s❡ts ✐t ❛❢t❡r s1

✐♥ s✷✱ t❤r❞ i r❡❛❞s num[j] ♦♥❧② ❛❢t❡r ✜♥❞✐♥❣ choosing[j] ❢❛❧s❡ ❚❤✉s i r❡❛❞s ❛♥ ✏✉♥st❛❜❧❡✑ num[j] ♦♥❧② ✐❢

j st❛rt❡❞ ❝❤♦♦s✐♥❣ ❛❢t❡r i ✜♥✐s❤❡❞ ❝❤♦♦s✐♥❣

s♦ num[j] ✇✐❧❧ ❜❡ ❤✐❣❤❡r t❤❛♥ num[i] ❛♥❞ j ✇✐❧❧ ♥♦t ♣❛ss i

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SLIDE 11

❖✉t❧✐♥❡

❝❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❜❛❦❡r②

❙✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❇❛❦❡r② ❈❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❇❛❦❡r② ❇❧❛❝❦✲✇❤✐t❡ ❇❛❦❡r②

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SLIDE 12

Pr♦❣r❛♠ LockBakery(N)

❝❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❜❛❦❡r②

▼❛✐♥✿

choosing[ 0.. N−1] ← false num[0 .. N−1] ← 0 mysid.acq()✿ t1: choosing[myid] ← true t2: • num[myid] ← max( • num[0],· · · , • num[N−1]) + 1 t3: • choosing[myid] ← false for (p in 0..N−1) t4: while ( • choosing[p]) skip t5: do • x ← num[p] while (x = 0 and [x,p] < [num[myid], myid]) mysid.rel()✿ num[myid] ← 0 mysid.end() endSystem()

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SLIDE 13

❆♥❛❧②s✐s✿ ♦✈❡r✈✐❡✇

❝❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❜❛❦❡r②

  • ♦❛❧✿ s❤♦✇ ❜❛❦❡r② ✐♠♣❧❡♠❡♥ts s✐♠♣❧❡ ❧♦❝❦ s❡r✈✐❝❡

Pr♦❝❡❡❞✐♥❣ ❛s ✉s✉❛❧ ❝❧♦s❡❞ ♣r♦❣r❛♠ ♦❢ ❧♦❝❦ ❛♥❞ s❡r✈✐❝❡ ✐♥✈❡rs❡ ❛ss❡rt✐♦♥s Y✶✕Y✹ t♦ ❡st❛❜❧✐s❤ Y✷✕Y✸ ❤♦❧❞ tr✐✈✐❛❧❧② ❊st❛❜❧✐s❤ Y✶✱ Y✹ ♥❡①t

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SLIDE 14

❆♥❛❧②s✐s✿ ❛✉①✐❧✐❛r② q✉❛♥t✐t✐❡s

❝❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❜❛❦❡r②

Pr♦♦❢ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♦ t❤❛t ♦❢ s✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❜❛❦❡r② Q✿ ❤②♣♦t❤❡t✐❝❛❧ q✉❡✉❡ ♦❢ ✐❞s ♦❢ ♥♦♥✲t❤✐♥❦✐♥❣ ♥♦♥✲❝❤♦♦s✐♥❣ t❤r❡❛❞s ✐♥ ✐♥❝r❡❛s✐♥❣ [num,id] ♦r❞❡r

i ❛❤❡❛❞✲♦❢ j✿ [0,·] < [num[i], i] < [num[j], j] passed(i,j)✿ i ✐s ❡❛t✐♥❣ ♦r i ✐s ✐♥ t✹✳✳t✺ ✇✐t❤ i.p > j j ✐s ❛ ♣❡❡r ♦❢ i ✐❢✿ i ❛♥❞ j ❛r❡ ♥♦♥✲t❤✐♥❦✐♥❣

t❤❡✐r ❝❤♦♦s✐♥❣ ✐♥t❡r✈❛❧s ♦✈❡r❧❛♣♣❡❞

j ✐s st✐❧❧ ❝❤♦♦s✐♥❣

✴✴ s♦ ♥♦t ❝♦♠♠✉t❛t✐✈❡

peers[i]✿ s❡t ♦❢ ♣❡❡rs ♦❢ i

✴✴ ❛✉①✐❧✐❛r② ✈❛r

slide-15
SLIDE 15

❆♥❛❧②s✐s✿ s❛❢❡t② ♣r♦♦❢

❝❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❜❛❦❡r②

C✵(i) : ((i on s2) and i.p = N − 1 and

(num[p] = 0 or [num[i.p],i.p] > [num[i],i]))

forall(j in 0..N − 1: not acqd[j])

C✶(i,j) : (i = j and passed(i,j)) ⇒

((not j in peers[i]) and (not acqd[j]

  • r

(j on s1..t2)

  • r

(num[j] > 0 and [num[j],j] > [num[i],i])))

C✷(i,j) : (i =j and (i on s2) and i.p =j and choosing[j]) ⇒

(j not in peers[i])

■♥✈ C✵(i) ❡q✉✐✈❛❧❡♥t t♦ Y✶ ❣✐✈❡♥ ❡✛❡❝t✐✈❡ ❛t♦♠✐❝✐t② C✷(i,j) s❛t✐s✜❡s ✐♥✈❛r✐❛♥❝❡ r✉❧❡ C✶(i,j) s❛t✐s✜❡s ✐♥✈❛r✐❛♥❝❡ r✉❧❡ ❛ss✉♠✐♥❣ ■♥✈ C✷(i,j) C✶(i,j) ❛♥❞ C✶(j,i) ✐♠♣❧② C✵

slide-16
SLIDE 16

❆♥❛❧②s✐s✿ ♣r♦❣r❡ss ♣r♦♦❢

❝❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❜❛❦❡r②

αi✿ ★ ❡♥tr✐❡s ❛❤❡❛❞✲♦❢ i βi✿

peers[i].size

D✶ : [βi, αi] = [k1, k2] > [0, 0] ✉♥❧❡ss

([βi, αi] < [k1, k2])

D✷ : βi = k1 > 0 ❧❡❛❞s✲t♦ βi < k1 ✴✴ ❝❤♦♦s✐♥❣ ❜♦✉♥❞❡❞ D✸ : [βi, αi] = [0, 0] ❧❡❛❞s✲t♦

acqd[i]

✴✴ i ♥❡✈❡r ❜❧♦❝❦❡❞ D✹ : [βi, αi] = [0, 0] ❧❡❛❞s✲t♦

not acqd[i]

✴✴ D✸✱ ❡❛t✐♥❣ ❡♥❞s D✺ : [βi, αi] = [k1, k2] > [0, 0] ❧❡❛❞s✲t♦

[βi, αi] < [k1, k2]

D✶ ❤♦❧❞s ❝♦③ β ♥♦♥✲✐♥❝r❡❛s✐♥❣✱ α ✐♥❝r❡❛s❡s ♦♥❧② ✐❢ β ❞❡❝r❡❛s❡s D✺✿ ❢r♦♠ D✷✱ D✶ ❢♦r k1 > 0❀ ❢r♦♠ D✹✳❤❡❛❞ ❢♦r k1 =0✱ k2 > 0 D✺ ❛♥❞ D✸ ✐♠♣❧② Y✹

slide-17
SLIDE 17

❚❤❡ ❜❡❛✉t✐❢✉❧ ❛♥❞ t❤❡ ✉♥❞❡s✐r❛❜❧❡

❝❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❜❛❦❡r②

❇❡❛✉t✐❢✉❧✿ r✴✇ ❛t♦♠✐❝✐t② ♥♦t ♥❡❡❞❡❞ ♥♦ ♦✈❡r❧❛♣♣✐♥❣ ✇r✐t❡s t♦ t❤❡ s❛♠❡ ❧♦❝❛t✐♦♥ r❡❛❞ t❤❛t ♦✈❡r❧❛♣s ✇✐t❤ ❛ ✇r✐t❡ ❝❛♥ r❡t✉r♥ ❛♥② ✈❛❧✉❡

i r❡❛❞s ✉♥st❛❜❧❡ ✈❛r ♦❢ j ♦♥❧② ✐❢ j ✐s ❝❤♦♦s✐♥❣

s♦ num[j] ✇✐❧❧ ❡♥❞ ✉♣ ❤✐❣❤❡r t❤❛♥ num[i] s♦ i ✇✐❧❧ ♥❡✈❡r ♠❛❦❡ ❛ ✇r♦♥❣ ❞❡❝✐s✐♦♥ ❯♥❞❡s✐r❛❜❧❡✿ nums ❛r❡ ♥♦t ❜♦✉♥❞❡❞

slide-18
SLIDE 18

❖✉t❧✐♥❡

❜❧❛❝❦✲✇❤✐t❡ ❜❛❦❡r②

❙✐♠♣❧✐✜❡❞ ❇❛❦❡r② ❈❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❇❛❦❡r② ❇❧❛❝❦✲✇❤✐t❡ ❇❛❦❡r②

slide-19
SLIDE 19

❇❧❛❝❦✲✇❤✐t❡ ❜❛❦❡r② ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠

❜❧❛❝❦✲✇❤✐t❡ ❜❛❦❡r②

❇♦✉♥❞s nums ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s r✴✇ ❛t♦♠✐❝✐t② ❢♦r ❛ ❜✐♥❛r② ✢❛❣ ❚✇♦ ❤②♣♦t❤❡t✐❝❛❧ q✉❡✉❡s✿ ♦♥❡ ❜❧❛❝❦✱ ♦♥❡ ✇❤✐t❡ ❋❧❛❣✱ ❡✐t❤❡r ❜❧❛❝❦ ♦r ✇❤✐t❡ ✴✴ ✐♥❞✐❝❛t❡s t❤❡ ♦♣❡♥ q✉❡✉❡ ❊❛❝❤ ✉s❡r ❤❛s ❛ ❝♦❧♦r ✭✐ts q✉❡✉❡✮ ❛♥❞ t❤❡ ✉s✉❛❧ ♥✉♠✱ ✐❞ ❣❡ts t❤❡ ✢❛❣✬s ❝♦❧♦r✱ s❡ts ✐ts num ❜❛s❡❞ ♦♥ ✉s❡rs ✐♥ ✐ts q✉❡✉❡ Pr✐♦r✐t②✿ ♥✉♠✱ ✐❞✱ ❡①❝❡♣t ♦♣❡♥✲q✉❡✉❡ ❞❡❢❡rs t♦ ❝❧♦s❡❞✲q✉❡✉❡ ❲❤❡♥ ❛ ✉s❡r ❡❛ts✱ ✐t s❡ts t❤❡ ✢❛❣ t♦ t❤❡ ♦♣♣♦s✐t❡ ♦❢ ✐ts ❝♦❧♦r ❙♦ ♦♣❡♥↔❝❧♦s❡❞ ❤❛♣♣❡♥s ✇❤❡♥ ❛♥ ♦♣❡♥ ✉s❡r st❛rts ❡❛t✐♥❣ ❛t ✇❤✐❝❤ ♣♦✐♥t t❤❡ ♦t❤❡r q✉❡✉❡✱ ✇❤✐❝❤ ✇❛s ❝❧♦s❡❞✱ ✐s ❡♠♣t② s♦ t❤❡ ♥❡①t ❛rr✐✈❛❧ s❡ts ✐ts ♥✉♠ st❛rt✐♥❣ ❢r♦♠ ✵