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EASO Consultative Forum 11-12 December 2014 Round Table 2 Ward Lutin Centre for Information, Documentation and Analysis Eritrean applicants for international protection in EU+ EU+ applicants main citizenships, Annual trend and share since

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SLIDE 1

EASO Consultative Forum 11-12 December 2014

Round Table 2

Ward Lutin

Centre for Information, Documentation and Analysis

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SLIDE 2

Eritrean applicants for international protection in EU+

Annual trend and share since 2008 EU+ applicants – main citizenships, Jan-Oct 2014

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Eritrean applicants for international protection in EU+

Jan 2013 – October 2014: Monthly trend and main profile characteristic s

1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Asylum applicants 0% 4% 8% 12% Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul 2013 Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May 2014 Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Share of unaccompanied minors 0% 3% 5% 8% 10% Share of repeated applicants

Jan - Sep 2014 2013

21 000 14 000 7 000 7 000 14 000 21 000 0-13 14-17 18-34 35-64 65+

Men Women

21 000 13 000 5 000 3 000 11 000 19 000 0-13 14-17 18-34 35-64 65+

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Main Receiving Countries of Eritrean Applicants for International Protection

January 2013 – October 2014: Ranking and Monthly Trend

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Main Receiving Countries of Eritrean Applicants for International Protection

January 2013 – August 2014: Monthly trend and main profile characteristics

9 000 6 000 3 000 3 000 6 000 9 000 0-13 14-17 18-34 35-64 65+

Men Women

9 000 6 000 3 000 3 000 6 000 9 000 0-13 14-17 18-34 35-64 65+

Men Women

Sweden

Jan FebMar AprMayJun Jul 2013 AugSep Oct Nov Dec Jan FebMar Apr May 2014 Jun Jul AugSep Oct

Share of repeated Applicants

Germany

Jan FebMar AprMayJun Jul 2013 AugSep Oct Nov Dec Jan FebMar AprMay 2014 Jun Jul AugSep Oct

Share of repeated Applicants

Switzerland

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% Jan FebMar AprMayJun Jul 2013 AugSep Oct NovDec Jan FebMar AprMay 2014 Jun Jul AugSep Oct Share of repeated Applicants 4 500 3 000 1 500 1 500 3 000 4 500 0-13 14-17 18-34 35-64 65+

Men Women

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First instance decisions and type of decisions issued in the EU+

January 2013 – September 2014

Total decisions Type of protection granted

6,495 Sweden 5,590 Switzerland 4,370 Norway 3,355 Netherlands 2,735 Italy 2,430 United Kingdom 1,410 Germany 870 France 720 Malta 335 Greece 285 Denmark 180 Belgium

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Refugee Status Subsidiary Protection Humanitarian Protection

2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000

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SLIDE 7

Type of decisions issued in the EU+

Q1 2013 – Q3 2014, evolution in EU+ and 5 Countries

Rejected Humanitarian protection Subsidiary protection Refugee status

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Q1 Q2 2013 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 2014 Q3

EU+

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Q1 Q2 2013 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 2014 Q3

Sweden

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Q1 Q2 2013 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 2014 Q3

Switzerland

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Q1 Q2 2013 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 2014 Q3

Norway

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Q1 Q2 2013 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 2014 Q3

Netherlands

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Q1 Q2 2013 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 2014 Q3

Italy

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Main Profiles of Eritrean Applicants

  • Majority single young men
  • 18-34 years old
  • Mostly Christian (some Muslims)
  • Majority Tigrinya ethnic group (but

also Tigre)

  • There is a considerable number of

Eritrean UAMs.

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SLIDE 9

Recurrent Grounds

  • Open-ended Eritrean National Service (deserters, draft

evaders, family members of…)

  • Illegal exit
  • Religious persecution (Jehovah’s witnesses, pentecostals,

etc.)

  • Eritreans born in Ethiopia or Sudan and never lived in Eritrea
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SLIDE 10

Diverging Decision Practices

National Service Illegal exit Unaccompanied minors Refugee Status Subsidiary protection Subsidiary protection Humanitarian status Born abroad Never lived in Eritrea Refugee Status

(under certain conditions)

Rejection

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SLIDE 11

Challenges

  • Role of facilitators, resulting in sudden shifts in destination

countries

  • Reception capacity
  • Lack of interpreters
  • International Protection Determination: Credibility issues

related to origin (nationality fraud) and illegal exit

  • Unaccompanied minors
  • COI
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SLIDE 12

EASO activities relating to Eritrea

  • Practical Cooperation Workshop 15-16 October 2014
  • COI Specialist Network on Eritrea: kick-off January

2015

  • EASO COI factsheet on Eritrea: early 2015 (TBC)
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SLIDE 13

Thank you

European Asylum Support Office MTC Block A, Winemakers Wharf, Grand Harbour Valletta, MRS 1917, Malta Tel: +356 2248 7521 Email: EASO-CIDA@easo.europa.eu

Centre for Information,