Reshaping of crossover distribution in Vitis vinifera x Muscadinia - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

Reshaping of crossover distribution in Vitis vinifera x Muscadinia rotundifolia interspecific hybrids

Marion Delame, Emilce Prado, Sophie Blanc, Guillaume Robert-Siegwald, Christophe Schneider, Pere Mestre, Camille Rustenholz, Didier Merdinoglu UMR 1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin INRA-Université de Strasbourg, Colmar, France

High level of resistance to several major diseases

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Muscadinia rotundifolia: a valuable resource for grape breeding

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

High level of resistance to several major diseases But … Unwanted cultural traits and off-flavours Low rate of success of interspecific crosses Poor vigour and low fertility of interspecific hybrids

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Muscadinia rotundifolia: a valuable resource for grape breeding difficult to exploit

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

BC2 BCn

• V. vinifera
• M. rotundifolia

BC1 F1

x x x x x

• V. vinifera
• V. vinifera
• V. vinifera
• V. vinifera

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

Introgression of a trait of interest

Undesired traits Disease resistance Wine quality Disease susceptibility Wine quality Disease resistance BC3

BC2

• V. vinifera
• M. rotundifolia

BC1 F1

x x x x x

• V. vinifera
• V. vinifera
• V. vinifera
• V. vinifera

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

Introgression of a trait of interest

BC3 BC4

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

Meiotic recombination between homeologous chromosome pairs

BCx F1

Not introgressed / homologous Introgressed / homeologous

• V. vinifera

BCx BCx

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

BC1, BC2 and BC4 populations to analyse meiosis in hybrid parents

BC2 Carignan x Cabernet Sauvignon Trayshed BC1 F1

x x x x x

Cabernet Sauvignon Barbera Tempranillo Nebbiolo BC3 BC4 BC2

• V. vinifera

NC184-4 BC1 F1

x x x

• V. vinifera

Syrah

248 individuals 79 individuals 68 individuals

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

Chromosome painting of

• M. rotundifolia introgressed regions
• M. rotundifolia

accessions Illumina sequencing Muscadinia SNPs BC populations Genotyping- by-Sequencing SNPs Identification of Muscadinia introgressed regions Genomic region Introgressed Not introgressed

0,00 0,20 0,40 0,60 0,80 1,00

Physical position Threshold Rate of Muscadinia SNPs Chromosome pair

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

Chromosome painting of

• M. rotundifolia introgressed regions

in hybrid parents

Homeologous region Homologous region

F1 BC3 BC1

• Genome entirely homeologous
• Homologous and homeologous

regions

• Homologous and homeologous

chromosomes

• 0 to 2 recombination events per

chromosome

• Homologous and homeologous

regions

• Homologous (V. vinifera)

chromosomes

• Only one recombination event

conserved per chromosome

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

BC3 BC1

10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Individuals displaying a recombination event (%) Size of the homeologous region (% of each chromosome)

Recombination events in chromosomes bearing homeologous regions

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

• M. rotundifolia

accessions Illumina re-sequencing Muscadinia SNPs BC populations Genotyping- by-Sequencing SNPs Chromosome painting Genetic linkage maps Recombination variation

Variation of recombination in BC populations

BC1-Chr10 F1

• V. vinifera

F1

chr10

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

• M. rotundifolia

accessions Illumina re-sequencing Muscadinia SNPs BC populations Genotyping- by-Sequencing SNPs Chromosome painting Genetic linkage maps Recombination variation

Variation of recombination in BC populations

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000

Genetic distance Physical position BC1 – Chromosome 10

• F1 parent

▲V. vinifera

F1

chr10

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Variation of recombination in BC populations

BC1

• BC1 parent

▲V. vinifera

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10000000 20000000 Genetic distance Physical position

BC2 - Chromosome 4 chr4

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 5000000 10000000 15000000 Genetic distance Physical position

BC2 - Chromosome 2 chr2

10 20 30 40 50 60 10000000 20000000 Genetic distance Physical position

BC2 – Chromosome 12 chr12

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 10000000 20000000 30000000 Genetic distance Physical position

BC2 - Chromosome 14 chr14

Meiotic recombination of interspecific hybrids is § similar to grapevine in chromosome pairs entirely homeologous § suppressed in homeologous regions in chromosome pairs partly homeologous § enhanced in homologous regions along chromosome pairs partly homeologous The total genetic length of each chromosome is conserved between V. vinifera and hybrid whatever the backcross level and the proportion of homeologous region

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Summary

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

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Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux

Acknowledgments

Thank you for your attention

Marion Delame Emilce Prado Sophie Blanc Guillaume Robert Christophe Schneider Pere Mestre Camille Rustenholz