Regulatory requirements on Energy meters By:- Mr. N.K.Bhati Yadav - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Regulatory requirements on Energy meters

Power Finance Corporation Ltd.

(A Govt. of India Undertaking)

DRUM – TRAINING PROGRAM

A U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Funded Program

By:- Mr. N.K.Bhati Yadav Measurements Pvt. Ltd. Udaipur , India

Regulatory requirements on Energy meters

2

By Nand Kishore Bhati Yadav Measurements Pvt.Ltd.

Electricity Metering technologies and systems

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

3

Areas Covered Under this Module

– Give overview of Indian Electricity Act 2003. – Requirements of National Electricity policy. – State regulators supply and metering codes. – Indian and state Grid codes. – Metering requirements for Open Access.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

4

The Electricity Act 2003

An Act to consolidate the laws relating to generation, transmission, distribution, trading and use of electricity and generally for taking measures conducive to development of electricity industry,

– promoting competition therein, – protecting interest of consumers and – supply of electricity to all areas, – rationalization of electricity tariff, ensuring transparent policies regarding subsidies, – promotion of efficient and environmentally benign policies – constitution of Central Electricity Authority, – Regulatory Commissions and establishment of Appellate Tribunal and – for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

Published on 2nd June 2003., first amendment in Dec 2003 (effective 14 Jan 2004). Electricity (Amendment ) Act 2007, effective from 15th June 2007.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

5

Indian Electricity Act 2003

• Repealed laws:
• Indian Electricity Act 1910
• Electricity (supply) Act 1948.
• Electricity regulatory commissions Act 1998
• Indian Electricity Rules 1956(???)

(However section 185 states IER 1956 shall continue till regulations under section 53 of this Act are made) (Excludes Jammu and kashmir)

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

6

Indian Electricity Act 2003

• The Act calls for :

– Central Govt. to issue National Electricity policy, tariff policy and National Electricity plan. – Setting up Central and state regulators.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

7

Generation

• Generation is de-licensed, except for Hydro plants.
• Allows and encourages captive generation and dedicated

transmission lines

• Transmission, distribution and Trading in Electricity requires

license.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

8

Transmission

• Calls for setting up of National , regional and

state level load dispatch centers

• Keep account of quantity of electricity transmitted

thru regional/state Load dispatch center.

• Central transmission utility

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

9

Distribution

• Multiple distribution licensee in a area may be

allowed

• Supply to consumers
• Allow open access

(Licensee to charge on the basis of actual electricity supplied.)

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

10

Regulators

• Central regulator to define Grid code and grid standards.(

already released)

• State regulators to define

– Supply code and – Specify provisions related to Safety of electricity supply.

• U/s 55 calls for 100 % metering (correct meters) with in two

years, unless specifically extension granted.

• Also calls for installation of meters for proper accounting and

audit at various stages of generation/ transmission/ distribution etc.

• Calls for specifying standards of performance to be complied by

licensee.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

11

• CEA to make regulations for the installations

and operations of meters (177)

Central Electricity Authority Regulations, 2006 on Installation and Operation

• f Meters

published on 17th March 2006, has two parts as regulations and standards on installation and operations of meters.

Central Electricity Authority

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

12

Others

• Regulations for investigations and enforcement.
• Offences and penalties
• Special courts, Appellate tribunals
• Re-organisation of electricity boards
• Etc etc

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

13

National Electricity Policy

• 5.4.8 The Act mandates supply of electricity through a

correct meter within a stipulated period. The Authority should develop regulations as required under Section 55 of the Act within three months.

• 5.4.9 The Act requires all consumers to be metered

within two years. The SERCs may obtain from the Distribution Licensees their metering plans, approve these, and monitor the same. The SERCs should encourage use of pre-paid meters. In the first instance, TOD meters for large consumers with a minimum load

• f one MVA are also to be encouraged.
• The SERCs should also put in place independent

third-party meter testing arrangements. Some regulators have taken actions and some are in the process.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

14

5.13 PROTECTION OF CONSUMER INTERESTS AND QUALITY STANDARDS

5.13.1 Appropriate Commission should regulate utilities based on pre-determined indices on quality of power supply. Parameters should include, amongst others, frequency and duration of interruption, voltage parameters, harmonics, transformer failure rates, waiting time for restoration of supply, percentage defective meters and waiting list of new connections. The Appropriate Commissions would specify expected standards of performance. (This will call for testing of installed base of meters)

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

15

Objective and Scope..CEA Regulations.

(i) Correct measurement of electricity supplied is necessary for accounting and billing of electrical energy. These Regulations cover location, sealing, safety and other general issues in respect of meters falling mainly in the following three categories:

• Meters for Interface Tariff
• Meters For consumers
• Meters for Energy Accounting and Audit

(ii) The scope of these Regulations covers all new and existing meters. (iii) Provisions of IE Rules 1956 in relations to installation and operations

• f meters are not to be in force and replaced by these regulations.

(This is an elaborate 20 page document , recommended to be read by all metering engineers.)

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

16

CEA I&OM regulations 2006

• Covers types of meters,
• Ownership of meters,
• standards applicable,
• location of meters,
• accuracy class of meters,
• installation of meters,
• operation testing and maintenance of meters,
• access to meters,

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

17

CEA I&OM regulations 2006

• sealing of meters,
• safety of meters,
• Meter reading and recording
• Meter failure and discrepancies,
• Anti tampering features

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

18

CEA I&OM regulations 2006

• Quality assurance of meters: calls for distribution

licensee to set quality system for meter testing and immediate actions for NABL accreditation of meter testing laboratories.

• Defines periodicity for calibration of various type of

meters, including CT/PT.

• Promoting and adaptation of new technologies.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

19

Salient points

• All meters to be static type only.
• Meter means Meter, CT/PT and wiring.
• For single phase meters consumers need to ensure NO common

Neutral and install ELPD.

• Lead seals not to be used in new meters and all old seals to be

replaced in a phased manner.

• Interface meters shall measure fundamental frequency energy,

for other types not mentioned anything .

• Anti tampering features of meters specified.
• All type of meters need to be tested at least once in five years,

including CT/PT

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

20

Latest update

• CEA has issued two drafts of Safety standard

for comments, likely to be published soon.

– Central Electricity Authority (Measures relating to Safety and Electricity Supply) Regulations, 2007. – “Central Electricity Authority (Safety requirements for construction, operation and maintenance of electrical plants and electric lines) Regulations, 2008”.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

21

Latest update

• MOP has also issued new “Electricity Rules 2005”.
• Not clear what will be status of IER1956??

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

22

State Supply code and metering code for distribution companies.

One typical example The Rajasthan Electricity Regulatory Commission

(Electricity Supply Code and Connected Matters) Regulations,

2004’.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

23

Supply code… as per para 50 of the Act.

• The State Commission shall specify an Electricity Supply Code to

provide

• for recovery of electricity charges, intervals for billing of electricity

charges

• disconnection of supply of electricity for non-payment thereof;

restoration of supply of electricity; tampering, distress or damage to electrical plant, electric lines or meter,

• entry of distribution licensee or any person acting on his behalf

for disconnecting supply and removing the meter; entry for replacing, altering or maintaining electric lines or electrical plant

• r meter.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

24

State Supply code ….example RERC

• 25. Supply through meter
• (1) All supply of electricity shall be through installation
• f a correct meter in accordance with the metering

code approved by the Commission or regulations made in this behalf by the Authority.

• Provided that supply to agriculture consumers who are
• n the date of coming into force of these regulations,

being supplied electricity otherwise than through a meter shall not be so supplied beyond March 31,2005.

• (2) Metering in each case shall be provided on ground

floor only.

• (3) Supply of electricity to temporary connections shall

be made preferably through pre paid meters.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

25

• 30. Defective meter
• (1) In case the consumer or the licensee suspect a meter to be

not functioning properly, he may give a notice to the other party and the accuracy of the meter shall be tested by the licensee on site or in its testing laboratory. In case the consumer so desires, the testing shall be arranged at laboratories designated by commission.

• (2) In the event of the meter being found inaccurate, the excess

amount recovered from the consumer may be adjusted in the subsequent two bills. If any additional amount is to be recovered from the consumer, it may be recovered in subsequent two bills.

• (3) The excess or short amount under sub clause (2) may be

adjusted or recovered as the case may be for the period from the last meter testing till the date of meter being removed for testing is replaced but in any case not exceeding six months.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

26

RERC Metering Regulations (2007)

Regulations:

• Supplement the Central Electricity Authority (Installation and

Operation of Meters) Regulations 2006

• Bring about uniformity in practice by the licensees , generating

companies and other stake-holders within the State

specify

• the requisite national / international standards
• requirements of calibration and testing of metering equipments,
• practices that shall be employed and
• the facilities that shall be provided for the measurement and

recording of various parameters.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

27

Interface meters

• Draw out type modular design with CT shorting connectors.
• Main and Check meter.
• TTB for testing to be provided for both.
• Meter to have Aux Power supply, AC 230v and 110/220 V DC with

change over.

• RTC battery back time of 12 years.
• Configurable s/w to suit different tariffs.
• Total and fundamental energy measurement.
• 75 days Load Survey at 15 minutes period.
• measurement and support ABT tariff ,
• On line communication to be provided.
• Time synchronisation facility to be there.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

28

Energy Accounting meters

• 3 phase 4 wire type meters
• Meters at 33kV and above to have same functionality like Interface

meters, below 33kV, type C of consumer meters.

• TTB for testing to be provided for both.
• RTC battery back time of 12 years.
• Configurable s/w to suit different tariffs.
• Total and fundamental energy measurement.
• 75 days Load Survey at 15 minutes period.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

29

Instrument transformers

• Accuracy class be same as meters.
• Burden on IT to be between 25 to100% of rating.
• Dedicated It or dedicated core for metering.
• 11/33/kV CT/PT sets used shall preferably be dry type.
• No fuses be used on HV or LV side of PT/CVT.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

30

Consumer Meters

Meter Type A-

– (a) Single-phase whole current meters kWh Cl 1, (<5kW) – (b) Poly phase whole current meters kWh, Cl 1, (18.65kW)

Meter Type B-

– LT Tri-vector CT Operated meters. Cl 0.5S, (50kVA), 75 days LS communication..

Meter Type C-

– HT Tri-vector CT-VT operated meters, Cl 0.5S upto 33kV, 0.2S for rest., kVA max demand, 30 min, 75 days LS, communication.

• Other requirements also specified.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

31

TESTING ARRANGEMENTS:

Test facilities shall be as under:

• (a) Automatic meter test bench with high accuracy static source and

0.02 class electronic reference standard meter shall be used for testing and calibration of portable test set.

• (b) Portable test set with static source and electronic reference meter
• f 0.1S class shall be used for testing of meters at site.
• Test sets of 0.1

class, used for testing, shall be periodically tested and calibrated using higher accuracy Class electronic reference sub- meters.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

32

The routine testing of meters:

Consumer meters

• i. Extra High Voltage consumers.
• 1 year
• ii. High voltage consumers.

a) Above 500 KVA contract demand

• 1 year

b) Upto 500 KVA contract demand

• 2 years
• iii. Industrial Low Tension consumers
• 2 years
• iv. Low Tension consumers other than domestic services
• 3 years
• v. Domestic service consumers
• 5 years

Interface meters 1 year Energy Audit/Accounting meters 2 years

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

33

• the requirements of CT/PT are specified.

These need to be tested once at least in 5 years.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

34

Meter test lab of Utility

• Laboratory of the Licensee shall be accredited by NABL for

calibration in Laboratory and calibration and testing at site.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

35

• Meter maintenance system defined.
• Sealing and seals management defined.
• A time schedule for seals replace,ment and

meter replacement as per CEA regulations defined.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

36

Quality assurance of meters.

• The distribution licensee shall put in place a system of quality

assurance for meter,

– starting from receipt, storage in-house testing (if any), installation, periodic testing lab and site testing procedure, removal/replacement and disposal of meters including sealing practices

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

37

Indian Electricity Grid Code

• Drafted by PGCIL, released by CERC effective from 1/2/2000.

Now a revised Grid code has been released, which has become effective from 1/4/2006.

• Defines objectives, scope, role of RLDC, CTU, planning code for

ISTS, conditions of connections, grant of transmission license,

• perating code for regional grids, scheduling & management and

metering code.

• Annex 2 as regulatory requirements for special energy meters for
• grids. Defines hardware , software and testing requirements.
• Specifies in-situ testing every year and full testing /calibration by

Accredited lab every 5 years.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

38

METERING CODE FOR RAJASTHAN GRID…Scope

1. The scope of the code covers the practices that shall be employed and the facilities that shall be provided for the measurement and recording

• f

various parameters like active/reactive/apparent power/energy, power factor, voltage, frequency etc. 2. The code also specifies the requirement of calibration, testing and commissioning for metering equipments. The code broadly indicates the technical features of various elements of the metering, data-communication and testing system, the procedure for assessment of consumption in case of defective and stopped meters and also lays down guidelines for resolution of disputes between different agencies.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

39

METERING CODE FOR RAJASTHAN GRID…Scope

• To ensure proper metering system as per

specified standards.

• To perform testing/calibration of equipments

and meters at inter connection points in the presence of interested parties and the utilities and to make available the test reports to the parties and to concerned utilities/organizations including SPC.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

40

definitions

• Actual Metering point

– Actual metering point means the physical location of current and voltage sensing devices i.e. CTs, VTs and meters at which electricity is metered.

• Metering Equipment

– Metering Equipment means meters, measurement transformers (CTs & VTs), metering protection equipment including alarms, circuitry and their associated data collection outstations and wiring which are part of the measuring equipment at or relating to a site. – CT means current transformers and term VT is used to cover either PT or CVT.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

41

Type of Meters and Metering Capability

• The meters & RTUs to be used shall be suitable for

measurement of bulk, inter-utility energy / power exchanges. The meters shall be all electronic (static) poly phase trivector type having facility to measure active, reactive and apparent energy/power in all four quadrants i.e. a true import export

• meter. All inter utility trade meters shall be bi-directional while

capacitor bank meters and sub-station aux. meters shall be unidirectional if, bidirectional meters already exist, these will not be changed.

• The frequency based energy meters suitable for

Availability Based Tariff (ABT) shall also be provided.

• For commercial transaction between the utilities, the metering

shall be 3 phase 4 wire type.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

42

• Specifies main and back up metering arrangements.
• Specifies need for TTBs and CT shorting arrangements on

meters.

• Meters of inter state / major generating stations shall be capable
• f powered with 230 volt alternating current auxiliary supply and

110 volt or 220 volt DC supply of the substation so that metering core of PT/CVT is never loaded and in case of shut down on feeder/breaker, meter can be interrogated locally or remotely. It will normally be powered by AC auxiliary supply and will be switched over to DC supply only when AC auxiliary supply fails .

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

43

System for Joint Inspection, Testing & Calibration

• The metering points between RVUN, RVPN

and Discoms shall be regularly inspected twice in a year or at an interval as mutually agreed jointly by both the agencies involved for dispatch and receipt of energy .

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

44

Testing Arrangements

Two types of test facilities shall be available:

• (a)

Automatic meter test bench with high accuracy, static source and 0.02S class electronic reference standard meter. One bench shall be located at each Discom headquarters (i.e. at Jaipur, Ajmer and Jodhpur). These benches with 0.02 class reference standard shall also be used for checking and calibration of portable testing equipments.

• (b)

Portable test set with static source and electronic reference meter of 0.1 class shall be used for verification and joint testing

• f accuracy of static trivector meters at site on regular/routine

basis.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

45

Operation and Maintenance of the Metering System

• The operation and maintenance of the

metering system includes proper installation, regular maintenance of the metering system, checking of errors of the CTs, VTs and meters, proper laying of cables and protection thereof,

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

46

Open Access Regulations…example

Karnataka Electricity Regulatory Commission (Terms and

Conditions for Open Access) Regulations, 2004.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

47

Definitions

• “Open Access” means the non-discriminatory provision for

the use of transmission lines or distribution system or associated facilities with such lines or system by any licensee

• r consumer or a person engaged in generation in

accordance with the regulations specified by the Appropriate Commission.

• "Open Access Customer" means a consumer permitted

by the Commission to receive supply of electricity from a person other than distribution licensee of his area of supply, and the expression includes a generating company and licensee, who has availed of or intends to avail of open access.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

48

Special Energy Meters

– Tri-vector meters with Time of the Day (TOD) facility shall be installed by the open access customers. – The meters shall be capable of time-differentiated measurements (15 minutes) of necessary parameters. These meters shall always be maintained in good condition and shall be open for inspection by any person authorized by the nodal agency. – The meter shall include CTs, PTs and associated accessories and shall be tested and calibrated at least

• nce in a year.

– The meters shall be sealed by the distribution licensee in whose area the Consumer is situated.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

49

Special Energy Meters… contd.

– In case the meter is provided by the transmission/distribution licensee, the open access customer shall pay for its rent and also provide security deposit. – The meter shall be capable of communicating its reading to SLDC on real time basis. – The metering code prevailing in the state shall be applicable to the open access customers also.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

50

BIS new standard

• BIS committee has approved a new standard

called: Code of Practice for Testing, Evaluation, Installation and Maintenance of ac Electricity Meters.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

51

This code of practice covers the following aspects:

– Type approval – Life certification – Verification – Sealing and seal management – Acceptance – Transportation – Storage – Installation and commissioning – Maintaining in service with emphasis on in-service compliance. – Meter test station practices

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

52

• Applicable for all classes of meters except

0.2, and up to 33 kV.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

53

• This document defines the acceptable errors of meters, when in

services, when tested under reference conditions or on site.

• Also specifies requirements of operating practices as per ISO

17025 and MTE calibration and measurement traceability.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

54

Latest update

• CBIP report 88 is superseded by a new

document

• Manual on Standardization of AC Static

Electrical Energy Meters.

– Publication number 304, july 2008.

• BIS is working on new standards to align

Indian Metering standards with IEC standards.

Copy right YMPL, Udaipur

55

• Any questions please ???

THANKS NKS!

56

Electricity Metering technologies and systems