Regional Cooperation in Energy Sector: India & Pakistan By - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Regional Cooperation in Energy Sector: India & Pakistan

By Fareeha Mehmood Sustainable Development Policy Institute(SDPI)

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Outline

• Energy Scenario across South Asia
• Need for Energy Cooperation across South

Asia

• Importance of Bilateral Cooperation between

India & Pakistan

• Areas of Cooperation between the two

Countries

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Energy Demand across South Asia

• Southeast Asia’s energy demand expected to increase by

more than 80% in the period to 2035, a rise equivalent to current demand in Japan.

• Currently the region’s per-capita energy use is still very low,

in part because 134 million people, or over one-fifth of the population, lack access to electricity.

• Oil is the dominant fuel, with demand currently around 4.4

mb/d, followed by natural gas, at 141 bcm.

• Coal use has grown at double-digit rates since 1990 and

now makes up 16% of primary demand. The share of renewables in the primary mix is almost twice the global average at 24%

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Increased Energy Demands Increased dependence on Fossil Fuels Increased reliance on fluctuating oil prices Climate Change & its impacts

Technological Barriers in RE & Economic & Political Uncertainties

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Lack

• f

Access to Adequate energy resources at reasonable price(Energy insecurity) in Developing Economies Hampered Economic growth & Development Energy Poverty in Developing Countries (South Asian Countries)

Energy In-secure South Asia

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Given the Scope & Geographic Extent

• f these issues, it calls for collective

regional approach for implementing long term sustainable solutions

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Objectives of Research

Intends to explore the possible areas for bilateral cooperation Identify the areas for Mutual Cooperation for improving energy supply & addressing climate change adversaries

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Energy Basket of India

58% 9% 1% 2% 18% 12%

COAL GAS Oil Nuclear HYDRO Wind/Solar/biomass

Coal fired power plant in India caused 665.4 million tons of CO2 emissions in 2011 & 2012 and this year 524 people died*

• f

sunstroke.

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Energy Basket

• f Pakistan

36% 3% 32% 29% RFO Nuclear Hydro Gas

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Wind Energy: A Possible Area of Cooperation

• India
• Pakistan
• Pakistan has identified potential of

340,000 MW

• Pakistan has only recently ventured

into the field of wind technologies and to date has no significant large scale wind generation project in

• peration.
• The energy generation through wind

power in Pakistan in 2013 stands around 384,000KWh28 through Zorlu wind power project(0.75 MW) while 18 wind power projects of 50 MW each are underway.

• India with installed capacity of

19564MW lies at 5th position across the globe

• The wind power accounts for

8.5% of installed capacity & generates 1.6% of total power

• 95% of the wind energy

development is concentrated in five states i.e. Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Maharashta,Rajashtan & Karnataka

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Features of Wind Energy in Pakistan

• Wind Speed

2 4 6 8 10 12 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Mupandal, Tamil Nadu Ahmedabad Gujarat Gharo Pakistan

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Wind Direction

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India: Leaders in Wind Market

• India has a vast experience in this field and

enjoys leading position in wind turbine manufacturing can guarantee excellent efficiency coupled with remarkable features within the wind corridor of Pakistan

• Moreover, this joint venture will provide

Pakistan an opportunity to learn from Indian experience and train their personnel in this regard

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• The average tariff of wind is now cost-

competitive, at around 4.6 INR (7.884 PKR), and this presents hope for the future where India could phase out its dirty coal energy and switch to wind and other renewable sources

• f energy.
• Thus, both India and Pakistan need to harness

their individual potential for clean energy sources.

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Identification

• f site for

wind power Installation Preparation

• f concrete

foundation Erection of Turbine

80% of power generated to be taken by India while leave 20% in Pakistan

Exporting 500-1000 MW to Srilanka

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Cooperation on Water Issues

• Most eminent instances of water cooperation in South Asia

is the Indus Water Treaty (1960) between India and Pakistan

• Kishenganga Project & its impacts on Neelum River Projects
• In purview of venturing mutual cooperation in energy

sector and for procuring peace across South Asia, India may revisit this dam

• Western Zone has unexplored potential of about

65000MW, but only 12% has been tapped so far. The small hydropower projects in the similar area are a cost effective energy solution with low maintenance fees in comparison to other technologies.

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Conclusion

• Hence both India & Pakistan by acting upon

the principles of peaceful co-exsistence and betterment of their people should benefit from this opportunity, thus moving forward on the road to progress and prosperity

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