Patrick G. Hurh Chris J.Densham Michael Fitton Sho Tada Takeshi Nakadaira Masa Hagiwara Eiichi Wakai Shun Makimura Taku Ishida Kavin Ammigan David Senor Dan Edwards Andy Casella Shin Meigo R a D I A T E Collaboration Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 1
Current and Future J-PARC-Based Long-Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiments Kamioka Mine Tokai-to-Kamioka Nucleon Decay Exp. Neutrino Detection Exp. 485kW 39m x 41mH Total[Fiducial] achieved Volume = 50[22.5]kt upgrade to 1.3 MW x ~10 of Super-K io io 74m x 60mH = 258[187]kt Tokai village Discovery of CPV in Lepton Sector Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 2
Hall (HEF, hadron) Synchrotron (RCS) Slow Extraction to HEF: Design beam power : 30 GeV Main Ring Synchrotron (MR) 400 MeV 3 Hadron Experimental 25Hz, 1MW 3GeV Rapid Cycling (MLF, MUSE) Science Facility Materials & Life Experimental Neutrino [ >100 kW ] Japan Proton Accelerator Research H - Linac Complex Facility ( ) First Extraction to : 750kW [ 1.3MW ] Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018
Target Helium leak The quake active air leakage) (target trouble and radio- Hadron incident SX for HEF No major problems on neutrino facility target and beam-window Operational History of Main Ring 500 MR beam power (kW) 1 st set of target/horns 2 nd set of target/horns 400 1 st window replaced 300 FX for 200 100 0 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 The 485 kW beam power has been achieved with 2.5×10 14 ppp/2.48sec He leak at target outlet pipe fixed by remote handling The 1 st beam window is replaced to (nearly) identical 2 nd window Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 4
MR MR beyond beyond 1 MW with Doubled W with Doubled Rep-rate Rep-rate Hyper-Kamiokande Revised March, 2018 Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 5
Hadron Absorber 2.5 o Horn-3 monitor OTR beam Target Horn-1 Baffle Target Station [3 o ] 2 o OA L=110m, V=1,500m 3 Helium Vessel Beam Dump window Beam Horn-3 Neutrino Secondary Beam-line Horn-1 Horn-2 Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 6
under higher pressure Radiation damage on Ti beam window CVD-SiC coated graphite in BLIP/HiRadMat will be the limiting factor on target lifetime High Temperature：Oxidization of graphite 1.3 MW Target Upgrade – Graphite & Ti Graphite IG-430 26mm x ~ 900mm Inner tube (graphite) Outer tube / beam window ( Ti-6 Al-4 V ) Energy deposit 41kJ/ spill (1.3MW) v= 200m/ s T= 200K, 7.2MPa (Tensile str. 37.2MPa) 0.75 MW 1.3 MW Helium pressure 1.6 bar 5 bar Lifetime 5years Pressure drop 0.83 bar 0.88 bar under 100ppm Helium mass flow 32 g/s 60 g/s Heat load 23.5 kW 40.8 kW US window temp 105 ° C 157 ° C DS window tem 120 ° C 130 ° C Graphite Max. temp. 736 ° C 909 ° C Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 7
(A.Atherthon HPTW16) No leak since then Remote Exchange in 2015 bonded joint/ceramic Thermal fatigue failure of the diffusion stainless pipes (stress relieving) Failure of joint/ceramic from movement of Leak at Helium Outlet Pipe & Remote Handling Diffusion bond (Aluminum) 316L Garlock Stainless flange Bellows 304L Stainless Bent in cold Alumina ceramic process Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 8
(750kW) +100℃/shot Periodic thermal stress wave caused by the intense proton beam energy deposition 750kW operation will cause radiation damage of ~1DPA/ops-year, whereas significant irradiation hardening and loss of ductility has been reported with 0.3DPA (no higher DPA data exists) No known data exists on high cycle fatigue (>10 3 cycles) of irradiated titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V Beam Window Ti-6Al-4V Beam Power PPP Rep. cycle POT / 100 days (0.3mm-t) 2.4 x 10 14 2.48 sec （ 0.8 x 10 21 ） 470kW (achieved) 2mm gap 2.0 x 10 14 1.3 sec 1.3 x 10 21 750kW (proposed) 230m/s 3.3 x 10 14 2.1 sec 1.3 x 10 21 750kW [original plan] @1.1g/s 3.2 x 10 14 1.16 sec 2.4 x 10 21 1.3 MW (proposed) ～ 1DPA/yr (MARS) designed ~8M pulses/yr Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 9
Need to improve helium circulation system to remove the humidity 1.3MW/ops-yr Discoloration/deposit/damage of Ti-6Al-4V on TS vessel side visually identified Helium in TS vessel was humid, and the damage can be from radio- chemical reaction (accelerator vacuum side show less signatures) We wish to perform PIE at JAEA’s hot-lab, while it will take time to clear radiation safety regulations and license problems at J- PARC Window Remote Maintenance (2017 summer) 30cm After 2.2 x 10 21 pot 4m ~2DPA(NRT) The 1 st window survives to the 2.2x10 21 POT comparable to Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 1 0
Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V is widely adopted as a targetry material: J-PARC neutrino primary beam window, target window & containment vessel J-PARC hadron facility target chamber window LBNF reference design target window and target containment vessel MSU-FRIB Beam Dump ILC 14MW main water dump beam window Relatively little known on how this Ti alloy is affected by high energy proton irradiation Imperative to research radiation damage effects to enable : Accurate component lifetime prediction Design of robust multi-MW components, and Choice of better alloy or development of new materials to extend lifetimes Radiation damage studies on Ti-alloys Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 1 1
damage effects for different Ti alloys Comprehensive understanding on radiation Classification of Ti-alloys & BLIP specimens : Samples in BLIP capsules and alloy require proper heat Comercially Pure Ti treatment to reinforce strength by Gr1( α ) precipitation of alloy elements: Gr2( α ) Solution Treatment: Keep proper high temp 1. to solute more alloy element than RT Rapid Cooling to RT keeping the condition 2. Gr6( α ) Aging treatment: Keep temp moderately 3. higher than RT to precipitate the alloying components as fine intermetallic compound Gr9( α + β ) 882℃ Gr5/23( α + β ), α ’-UFG : BCC Temperature Meta-stable β α+ α HCP Vanadium (at %) 15-3Ti( β ) Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 1 2
Capsules to be shipped to 0.93 DPA peak (Stoller) Macro-Tensile & Microstr. Accumulated Damage PNNL soon. 158uA average Ti : 1.52 DPA peak (NRT) Mesoscale-Fatigue Mar 2018) 2 capsules newly installed Tensile testing Capsules shipped to PNNL days @ 146µA average Macro-Fatigue RaDIATE Irradiation Runs at BNL-BLIP Facility SiC-coated graphite 1 st phase irradiation (2017) Total POT: 1.76 x 10 21 in 22 10 mm D.Senor A.Casella 2 nd phase irradiation(Jan- 2.81 x 10 21 in 33 days @ 3.4mm 48mm Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 1 3
Aging Solution Treatment 50um Damage-tolerant Candidates in BLIP Irradiation 6 4 Ti ’-Ultra FineGrain HCP alloy Gr6 Metastable 1 5 -3 Ti Rich grain boundaries Nanoscale precipitates Better ductility (n 0.3DPA) WQ (martensite ’) Gr6(HCP) Rolling at Proper High Temp. S. Tähtinen et al., JNM 307‐311 (2002) 416 3D printing (Direct Metal D=0.4um Laser Sintered) Gr-23 Ultrafine-equiaxed ’-single phase Nano-scale ” precipitates as defect sinks T.Ishida et al, NME (2018) in press H.Matsumoto et al., Adv.Eng.Mat.13 (2011) 470 F.Pellemoine, NBI2017+RaDIATE D.Senor Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 1 4
Macro-scale Fatigue Testing Meso-scale Fatigue Testing High-Cycle Fatigue Data on Ti alloys to be Available Gr5/23 Gr23 A&STA, Gr2, 15-3Ti 700 1000 Max Stress (MPa) 950 Max Stress (MPa) vs cycles to failure 600 900 850 500 800 750 400 700 ▲ : Batch 1(Break) 650 300 ●： Batch 3(Break) 600 ●： Batch 3(Run-out) Wood & Favor, Ti Alloys Handbook, MCIC- 550 200 ＋： Literature HB-02, Battelle Columbus Lab, p 5-4:72-23 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 7 10 8 10 9 500 1.00E+05 1.00E+06 1.00E+07 1.00E+08 # of cycle to failure Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 1 5
Measurement of displacement cross-section for 3-GeV proton at J-PARC S.Meigo et al., IPAC2018, MOPML045 Experiment at 3-GeV Rapid Cycling N. Mokhov, HPTW2016 Synchrotron (RCS) Under cryotemperature (~ 20 K), displacement cross section( ) was obtained by increase of resistivity ( Δρ cu ) due to proton irradiation with average flux E) ) x 8 Vacuum chamber with 4-K GM cooler Beam NRT overestimates about 4 times of the present data, while Nordlund 1 m model drastically improves. 40 mm Ishida J-PARC | 7 th High-Power Targetry Workshop, MSU-FRIB, 4-8 June 2018 1 6
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