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Prospects for Collaboration: Challenges and Opportunities of a Small City Campus David C. Bagnoli, AIA, LEED AP, BD+C OCTOBER 17, 2013 Prospects for Collaboration: Common Opportunities for a Small City and Campus Part 1: College Towns as

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Prospects for Collaboration:

Challenges and Opportunities of a Small City Campus

David C. Bagnoli, AIA, LEED AP, BD+C OCTOBER 17, 2013

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Part 1: College Towns as Communities of Opportunity Part 2: College Town Settings Part 3: Common Issues and Collaborative Approaches

(Housing, Commercial/Retail Development, The Arts, Business Incubation, Shared Infrastructure)

Conclusion: What are Bend’s Opportunities

Prospects for Collaboration:

Common Opportunities for a Small City and Campus

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The Quintessential College Town= The Best Examples of Smart Growth

Small Scale, Mixed Use Retail Balance of Pedestrian, Bike and Automobiles Walkable Neighborhoods Open Space Compact building design Sense of Place

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The Quintessential College Town= The Best Examples of Smart Growth

http://smartgrowthusa.wordpress.com/2011/01/22/corvallis-oregon-smart-growth-commuting-in-united-states-2009/

All 10 are College Towns 8 out of 10 are College Towns

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Economic Impact of Colleges and Universities

  • 2011 University of Colorado System Impact Study
  • $2.6B direct spending
  • $5.3B economic activity in the state
  • 2012 University System of Georgia Impact Study
  • $9.8B in direct spending
  • $4.4B in “re-spending”
  • 2012 Oregon State University Impact Study (by ECONorthwest)
  • $2.06B in “Contributions to the economy”
  • $1.93B in Oregon
  • 33% (~$500M) increase in last 5 years

PART 1: COLLEGE TOWNS AS COMMUNITIES OF OPPORTUNITY

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http://www.colorado.edu/news/releases/2012/05/17/new-university-colorado-economic-impact-study-cu-pumped-53-billion-colorado

  • CU System spent $246 million on construction projects in FY2011
  • These generated economic benefit of $478 million.
  • CU’s 57,400 students and 27,483 faculty, staff and student workers

were engines of activity both as spenders and as generators of economic activity.

University of Colorado System Impacts

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http://www.colorado.edu/news/releases/2012/05/17/new-university-colorado-economic-impact-study-cu-pumped-53-billion-colorado

University of Colorado System Impacts

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INCREASED EMPLOYMENT AND ENROLLMENT: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly

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  • Housing (On/Off Campus)
  • Parking
  • Student Life (Non Athletic/Recreation)
  • Student Life (Athletic/Recreation)
  • Academic Spaces

COMMON TOWN/GOWN ISSUES Student Related

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  • Public Presence (Approach/Campus Tour/Recruiting)
  • Faculty/Staff Retention
  • Housing (Rental/Ownership)
  • Parking/Access
  • Family Services (Daycare, K-12 Schools)
  • Retail/College Town/ Disposable Income
  • Spousal Employment Opportunities

COMMON TOWN/GOWN ISSUES Non-Student Related

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COMMON TOWN/GOWN ISSUES Transportation Management

  • General Access
  • Thoughtful Parking Solutions
  • Deliveries

Willamette University, Salem, OR Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA

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Type 1: Fully Integrated Type 2: Partially Integrated Type 3: Physically Separated

Portland State University, Portland, OR Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA

  • St. Olaf’s, Northfield, MN

COLLEGE TOWN SETTINGS

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TYPE 1: FULLY INTEGRATED

Benefits: Establishment of school presence may contribute to revitalization, neighborhood improvements, shared parking benefits. May come with lower expectations for parking/services. Defining Characteristics:

  • Town often established before school with pre-existing development patterns
  • Mix of uses within block and/or building,
  • Integrates/ respects existing pattern of streets and structures
  • New infill building conforming to existing patterns of development.
  • Less Auto Dependant due to:
  • Walk-able distances between uses,
  • Established Street character and
  • Limited parking due to lack of available space

Examples

  • Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD), Savannah, GA;
  • Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
  • University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
  • Portland State University, OR
  • University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
  • Arizona State University, Downtown Phoenix, AZ
  • George Washington University, Washington, DC

Town Gown

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Town Gown Relationships: Type 1~ Fully Integrated Town and Gown Portland Statue University, Portland, OR

Providing Civic Leadership, Achieving Global Excellence Nearly two decades ago, Portland State University embraced a new approach to education — one that made the community an active partner in the classroom. Students and faculty put theory to practice and work with businesses, nonprofits, civic groups, and government agencies to solve real problems facing our region. www.pdx.edu/research

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TYPE 2: PARTIALLY INTEGRATED

Benefits: Neighborhood serving retail, character defining presence for campus and city/neighborhood, shared parking but segregated services between town and gown. Defining Characteristics:

  • Mix of Uses within and adjacent to campus
  • Local, small scale retail adjacent to campus caters to student, staff and visitor use
  • Founding dates of town and campus often simultaneous
  • Walk-able distances between uses discourages use of private autos during academic

day

Town Gown

Examples

  • Princeton University, Princeton, NJ
  • Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH
  • University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
  • Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA
  • Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA
  • Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
  • Brown University, Providence, RI
  • University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
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Town Gown Relationships: Type 2~ Partially Integrated Town and Gown Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA

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TYPE 3: PHYSICALLY SEPARATED

Benefits: Town retains separated identify, minimized impact on local parking and infrastructure services (limits immediate economic benefit). Campus may create its own identity, separate from Town’s existing patterns. Defining Characteristics:

  • Independent campus,
  • Separate transportation network
  • Large requirement for parking (often surface),
  • Limited daily interaction between town and gown,
  • Reduces economic benefits- retail accommodated on campus
  • May encourage segregated uses (Administrative, Academic, Student Life).
  • May encourage short distance auto trips between uses.

Town Gown

  • Reed College, Portland, OR
  • Oregon Institute of Technology, Klamath Falls, OR
  • St. Olaf, Northfield, MN
  • Central Oregon Community College, Bend, OR
  • The American University, Washington, DC
  • Santa Cruz College, Santa Cruz, CA
  • Georgetown University, Washington, DC

Examples

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Town Gown Relationships: Type 3~ Physically Separated Town and Gown Reed College, Portland, OR

http://www.reed.edu/campusmasterplan/pdfs/reed_2008_cmp_031008.pdf

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ACADEMICS STUDENT LIFE SPACES OFF CAMPUS HOUSING CAMPUS OPEN SPACE PARKING RETAIL and ENTERTAINMENT BUSINESS INCUBATION THE ARTS ADMINSTRATION SPORTS and RECREATION UTILIZE EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE K-12 SCHOOLS ON CAMPUS HOUSING FACULTY/STAFF HOUSING CIVIC SPACE

Town Gown

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COMMON ISSUES AND COLLABORATIVE APPROACHES: Housing (Student/Faculty/Staff)

“Students have said that with gas prices at $4 a gallon, [they] are going to rethink how they’re using their vehicles”

Vickie Hawkins, Director of University Housing, Georgia Southern University, Inside Higher Ed Magazine

“We’re seeing it across the nation, students want to live on campus. The retention from the first year to the second and persistence toward graduation is greater than those who commute”

Ed Adleman, Executive Director, Massachusetts State College Building Authority Inside Higher Ed Magazine

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While 76% of incoming students desire On-Campus Housing, reality may be different:

  • University of Oregon and OSU house approximately 20% of undergrads on Campus
  • Portland State University houses approximately 13% of undergrads on Campus
  • Washington State University houses approximately 26% of undergrads on Campus
  • University of Washington (Seattle) houses approximately 27% of undergrads on Campus

Housing Trends: On Campus Housing Shortfall

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Housing Trends: Off Campus Housing and Parking

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Housing Trends: Off Campus Private Development

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New Civic Plaza College of Nursing Planned Renovation of US Post Office Into Student Union

  • Founded 2006
  • Planned Build Out
  • 1.5 M SF Academic/Support

space

  • 15,000 Enrollment
  • 1,800 Faculty and Staff
  • 4000 Student Beds
  • $570 million anticipated impact
  • Creation of 7,700 jobs
  • Broke ground Aug. 2012 on $25M Student Rec Center

http://phoenix.gov/webcms/groups/internet/documents/web_content/d_038186.pdf Light Rail Connection

Town Gown Relationships: Arizona State University, Downtown Phoenix, AZ

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http://phoenix.gov/webcms/groups/internet/documents/web_content/d_038186.pdf

Town Gown Relationships: Arizona State University, Downtown Phoenix, AZ

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http://phoenix.gov/webcms/groups/internet/documents/web_content/d_038186.pdf

Town Gown Relationships: Arizona State University, Downtown Phoenix, AZ

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To Grasse Road Faculty Housing

DOWNTOWN HANOVER

DARTMOUTH

Residential Neighborhood Residential Neighborhood Residential Neighborhood Residential Neighborhood Residential Neighborhood

Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH

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Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH

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  • 1. North Park Street Graduate Housing (112 Beds)
  • 2. Park and Wheelock Faculty Housing (22 Homes)

4 1 2 3

  • 3. Downtown Master Plan (45000 SF Retail, 180 Units, 350 Parking)
  • 4. South Street Mews (19 Apartments, 14000 SF Retail, 65 Parking)

Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH

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COMMON ISSUES AND COLLABORATIVE APPROACHES: Commercial/Retail

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Macalester College, St. Paul, MN

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Macalester College, St. Paul, MN

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New Town, Williamsburg, VA SITE PROGRAM

  • 64 acre/ 500,000 GSF Business Park
  • 1000 Homes
  • Traditional
  • Garden Apartments
  • Town/Carriage Homes
  • Condos and Live/Work
  • 300,000 GSF Retail, Restaurant,

Entertainment

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COMMON ISSUES AND COLLABORATIVE APPROACHES: The Arts

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University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Catonsville, MD The Performing Arts and Humanities Building will enhance UMBC's teaching, research and public

  • utreach and heighten the visibility of the arts and

humanities as major components of campus and community life.

www.umbc.edu/pahb/ Phase I - 275 Seat Proscenium Theatre 120 Seat Black Box Theatre Phase II 350 Seat Concert Hall Instrument Ensemble Rehearsal Hall Recording Studio, Practice Rooms and Music Tech Labs 120 Seat Dance Studio

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Ann Arbor Street Art Fair, Ann Arbor, MI

  • Founded in 1960 as collaboration between:
  • City of Ann Arbor,
  • University of Michigan and
  • 2 business groups.
  • Total Summer 2013 attendance topped 500,000 over

4 days with economic impact of:

  • Dining~ $25.2 M
  • Shopping~ $48.7M
  • Hotel~ 155 Overnight Stays
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  • Founded in 2010 as collaboration between:
  • City of Middlebury, VT,
  • Middlebury College and
  • Downtown business groups.
  • Total Summer 2013 attendance 2,000 with focus on

local food/beverage industry

Middsummer Fest, Middlebury, VT

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COMMON ISSUES AND COLLABORATIVE APPROACHES: Business Incubation

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Business Incubation: Ecovative, Troy, NY

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COMMON ISSUES AND COLLABORATIVE APPROACHES: Shared Infrastructure

TigerTransit/Shuttle Services Princeton University’s new TigerTransit transportation system operates on a fixed route schedule, providing safe, convenient and reliable transportation throughout the Princeton campus and surrounding community. www.princeton.edu/transporation/tigertran sit.html

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Community/Campus Integrated Bike Planning

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Shared Transit

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Parking DARTMOUTH COLLEGE REAL ESTATE OFFICE~

7 Lebanon Street, Hanover, NH Mixed Use Building with 289 public parking spaces

VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY~

West Broad Street, Richmond, VA Welcome Center, Bookstore, Retail and 300+ public parking spaces

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Community Infrastructure

MIDDLEBURY COLLEGE~

Cross Street Bridge, Middlebury, VT $16M bridge and trafffic circle, $7M from town, $9M from College, no state or federal funding

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  • 1. Create an Enduring, Vibrant Place
  • 2. Realize Fiscal Benefits for the City of Bend
  • 3. Ensure long-term cooperation between OSU and

Bend

  • 4. Contribute to the healthy, sustainable outlook that

helps define Bend

WHAT ARE THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR BEND?

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  • 1. Create an Enduring, Vibrant Place

Provide both a community and campus quality of life to ensure student, faculty/ staff recruitment and retention. This will allow OSU at Bend to become and remain competitively success relative to its peer institutions.

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  • 2. Realize Fiscal Benefits for the City of Bend

Maximize public dollars by efficiently using existing spaces/infrastructure and transportation options, while recognizing that the campus may have a visual impact on the image of the place.

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  • 3. Ensure long-term cooperation between

OSU and Bend

Plan for years of growth. Consider faculty, staff and non-associated resident

  • housing. Create a method for integrated planning between Bend and OSU-

Cascades to include housing, multiple transportation choices (Bike, Bus, Auto) and community/ campus connectivity. Create economic benefits to both the school and the city through potential

  • fferings such as the arts, retail, housing, sports, etc.
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  • 4. Contribute to the healthy, sustainable
  • utlook that helps define Bend

Create a balance and mix of uses (housing, academic, administrative and retail) to allow for reduced dependency on automobiles on, and adjacent to, campus.

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David C. Bagnoli, AIA, LEED AP, BD+C

McGraw Bagnoli Architects, PLLC 1726 Connecticut Ave, NW Suite 126 Washington, DC 20009 dbagnoli@mcgrawbagnoli.com 202.506.7344