PROMOTION IN EMERGENCY SITUATION - WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON NWFP - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

SANITATION & HYGIENE PROMOTION IN EMERGENCY SITUATION - WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON NWFP IDP’s

NWFP IDP EMERGENCY

UNICEF IDPs Relief activities in NWFP,

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UNICEF IDPs Relief activities in NWFP,

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Gender wise Distribution

Male, 28960, 51% Female, 28168, 49%

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Age wise distribution

> 6 y e a r s , 1 2 3 1 , 2 %

18-59 years, 19964, 35% < 5 years, 10810, 19% 5-11 years, 17129, 30% 12-17 years, 7987, 14%

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Breakdown by Age

Above 60 2% B/w 12 and 17 14 % B/w18 and 59 41% Below 5 16% B/w 5 and 11 27%

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IDP’s in Camps and Off Camps

IDP’S IN CAMPS 200,000 IDP’S OFF CAMPS 2,400,000

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CAMP ESTABLISHMENT

WATER SANITATION AND HYGIENE (WASH) RESPONSE IN CAMPS

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WASH Cluster

WASH Cluster is activated since August 2008, initially for the NWFP Flood Emergency response. Later on the IDP Emergency due to Conflict became the major Focus. So far 35 Coordination meetings have taken place in Peshawar. There are more than 45 members in the WASH Cluster. Recently Coordination mechanism has also been activated in Districts Mardan and Swabi.

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WATER SUPPLY

• It is being ensured that safe drinking water supply, as

per SPHERE guidelines (minimum 15 lpcd), through Tankering (75% IDPs) and tube wells (25%).

• Tue Wells/Bore holes construction are under process

to minimize Tankering.

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WATER SUPPLY- Response to Emergency

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Water Supply-Response to Emergency

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Water Supply Issues

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Sanitation

The means of collecting and disposing of excreta and community liquid wastes in a hygienic way so as not to endanger the health of individuals and the community as a whole (WHO-1987). Areas to be addressed:

• 1. To provide adequate excreta disposal for displaced

people.

• 2. Promotion of good excreta disposal practices

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Latrine – The first barrier

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Sphere Guidelines

Excreta disposal standard 1: access to, and numbers of, toilets: People have adequate numbers

• f toilets, sufficiently close to their dwellings, to allow

them rapid, safe and acceptable access at all times of the day and night. max. of 20 per toilet. Excreta disposal standard 2: design, construction and use of toilets: Toilets are sited, designed, constructed and maintained in such a way as to be comfortable, hygienic and safe to use.

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Excreta Control and Disposal: Sanitation Ladder

Family Latrines VIP/pour flush Latrines Direct drop Pit Latrines Trench Latrines Controlled Open Defecation Fields Clean-up Programme through volunteers

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How should our latrine design be?

1. Culturally acceptable 2. Affordable 3. Rapid construction 4. Maintainable 5. Easy to clean 6. Safety & protection 7. Fly/mosquito/(odour) control 8. Adapted and suitable for children, older folks, people with HIV Aids

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Sanitation- Response to IDP Emergency.

• Sanitation & Hygiene promotion activities

(Construction of Pit Toilets, Bathing places, Washing points, Solid Waste Collection points, Health Hygiene promotion sessions, hygiene kits, buckets jerry cans and other NFI’s distribution) as per SPHERE guidelines are being provided.

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Sanitation- Response to Emergencies

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Issues

• 1. Sudden and Huge Influx.
• 2. Operation & Maintenance.
• 3. Adaptation to the Camp Environment.
• 4. Behavior Change.
• 5. Natural Hazards.

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Field Issues

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Field Issues

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Field Issues: Behavior Change

• 1. The Overall Sanitation Coverage of NWFP is less

than 40 % (People are not used to Toilets!)

• 2. Since May 1, 2009 influx of IDP’s in Camps have

been more than 4000 persons per day.

• 3. In the present crisis there are some Camps with

number of IDP’s more than 50,000. Disease

• utbreak is very rapid in congested environments.

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Behavior Change

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Results

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Issue.

Number of Acute Watery Diarrhea Cases witnessed a sudden increase. Hand Pumps Water was highly

• contaminated. Ground Water Table was very high.

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Response.

1. Through WHO/PCRWR immediately tested the Hand Pump Water and found to be highly contaminated. 2. Through Government (LGRDD/TMA Mardan) immediately removed the Hand Pumps. 3. Through UNICEF support started WASH interventions (Water Tankering, Chlorination, installation of Solid Waste Collection Mechanism, Health Hygiene Education etc). 4. TMA Mardan took responsibility for installation of Deep Bore Hole and Outside Camp Solid Waste collection and disposal. 5. AWD was controlled within one week.

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Proportion of AWD cases at Sheikh Yaseen IDP Camp, Mardan

Proportion of acute diarrhoea at Sheikh Yaseen IDP Camp, Mardan (20-Aug to 12 Oct 2008)

27 31 3030 30 29 30 25 15 32 34 32 25 2119 14 23 24 19 19% 25% 31% 32% 24% 18% 26% 26% 19% 8% 12% 19% 20% 11% 20% 22% 41% 42% 35% 31% 27% 62% 31% 16% 24% 23% 21% 15% 13% 17% 21% 26% 26% 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Aug-20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Sept-1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 1-Oct 2-Oct 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Date

Percentage

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Long Live Pakistan