Progressive English IV Stage 3: Would you like to travel around the - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Progressive English IV

Stage 3: Would you like to travel around the world?

Lesson 1: What do you feel like eating

tonight Gerunds and Infinitives

In English, when two verbs are used together, they may be used in three different ways. There are 3 verb patterns:

Pattern 1: verb 1 + verb 2 (infinitive form) Pattern 2: verb 1 + verb 2 (-ing form) Pattern 3: verb 1 + verb 2 (infinitive form) / verb 1 + verb 2 (-ing form)

Pattern 1: verb 1 + verb 2 (infinitive form)

After the first verb (verb 1), the second verb (verb 2) has to be in infinitive form (to + verb). Examples:

We need to work. She needs to study.

The following verbs are followed by verbs in the infinitive form:

Pattern 2: verb 1 + verb 2 (...ing form)

After the first verb (verb 1), the second verb (verb 2) has to be in gerund form (...ing). Examples:

I enjoy reading novels. My friend kept driving for three more hours. I feel like eating a big burger!

The following verbs are followed by another verb in –ing form:

Pattern 3: verb 1 + verb 2 (infinitive form) or verb 1 + verb 2 (…ing form)

Some verbs in English can be used in two different ways (pattern 1 or 2). Examples: I like to sing. I like singing. (These two sentences express the same idea.) I love to dance. I love dancing. (These two sentences express the same idea.)

The following verbs can be followed with verbs with the first or second pattern:

Other uses of gerunds (Go Strong 4, page 108)

• As the subject of a sentence

When the sentence begins with a verb, it is used in gerund form. Examples: Eating when you’re full is a bad habit. Exercising is a great way to be healthy.

• After prepositions

When there is a verb after a preposition, it must be written in gerund form. Examples: Before getting off the plane, make sure you have all your belongings. Remember that you need to brush your teeth after eating.

Other uses of infinitives

• After adjectives

If there is a verb after an adjective, it must be written in infinitive form. Examples: In your case, it is not neccesary to lose weight. It is important to find different alternatives.

Additional materials:

Video: Gerunds and Infinities CealElss https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwD22f5Q9pc Online exercise: Gerunds and Infinitives Exercise 1 Perfect-English-Grammar.com https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/gerunds-and-infinitives-exercise-1.html

References

Paterson, Ken (2013). Oxford Grammar for EAP. United Kingdom: Oxford Sadzhaya, Vika (2017). Go Strong 4: Teacher’s Book. Mexico: Anglo Publishing

Lesson 2: Are you sensitive or sensible? Like as a preposition vs. Like as a verb

The word “like” can be used as a preposition and as a verb.

• “Like” as a preposition

When we use “like” as a prepositin, we ask another person to give us information about something (person, place, object) Example: Question: What’s Jimmy like? (We want to know more about Jimmy.) Answer: Jimmy is very responsible and dedicated.

• “Like” as a verb

When we use “like” as a verb, we want to know if a person feels attraction towards something or enjoys something. Examples: Does he like the same things as you do? Do you like sports?

Exercise Go Strong 4, page 111 Choose PREPOSITION or VERB for the underlined “like” in these sentences.

• 1. Dou you like skiing?

PREPOSITION VERB

• 2. What is his job like?

PREPOSITION VERB

• 3. Mary doesn’t like listening to others.

PREPOSITION VERB

• 4. What are your sisters like?

PREPOSITION VERB

Additional materials

Video: Do you like…? vs What’s it like? Simple English Videos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PTNF_oCO2CM Exercise: Be like questions liveworksheets.com https://es.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/Describing_peopl e/Be_like_Questions_gd3163tq

Reference:

Sadzhaya, Vika (2017). Go Strong 4: Teacher’s Book. Mexico: Anglo Publishing

Lesson 3: Would you rather watch a horror movie?

Would rather

The expression would rather expresses preference. Example: I don’t want to go out tonight. I would rather study for the exam. The contraction for “I would” is “I’d”. Example: I´d rather study for the exam.

Would rather is usually used with “than.” The simple form of the verb follows both “would rather” and “than.” Example: I would rather study math than do history homework.

Structures

Affirmative: Subject + would rather + verb + complement + than + verb + complement. I would rather play video games than watch a movie. If the verb is the same, it does not have to be repeated after than Example: I would rather eat a hambuger than (eat) a hot dog. (In this case, you don’t have to use the second verb again.)

Negative: Subject + would rather + not + verb + complement. I would rather not tell you what happened.

Interrogative: (Question word) + would + subject + rather + verb + than + verb + complement? What would you rather do than study?

Would prefer

The expression “would prefer” expresses what somebody wants in a particular

• situation. It means “prefer.”

Example: She would prefer to stay home. Contractions: I would= I’d, she would= she’d, he would=he’d, etc. Example: She’d prefer to stay home.

After “would prefer” we use the infinitive form with “to.” She would prefer to stay home.

Additional materials

Video: English Grammar: Prefer, Would Prefer, Would Rather JenniferESL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=StCZIxz-mJU Exercises: Intermediate grammar exercise: would rather, would prefer, prefer speakspeak.com https://speakspeak.com/english-grammar-exercises/intermediate/would-rather-would-prefer-prefer Exercises: Would rather and prefer EnglishPedia.net http://www.englishpedia.net/my-grammar/modals/would-rather-prefer/exercises/would-rather-test-3.html

Reference:

Azar, B. (1989). Understanding and Using English Grammar. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Regents Sadzhaya, Vika (2017). Go Strong 4: Teacher’s Book. Mexico: Anglo Publishing

Lesson 4: Do you like shopping?

“Like” and “would like”

The word “like” is used to talk about hobbies or things a person enjoys. Examples: I like pizza. She likes Maluma. Remember: If you use a verb after the verb like, you can use the infinitive form or the gerund form. Examples: I like to dance. I like dancing.

Like - Affirmative Form

• 1. Subject + like + noun.

I like sushi. She likes sushi

• 2. a) Subject + like + verb in infinitive form (to + verb).

I like to sing. She likes to sing

• 3. b) Subject + like + verb in gerund form (ver...ing)

I like singing. She likes singing

Like - Negative Form

• 1. Subject + don’t / doesn’t + like + noun.

I don´t like sushi. She doesn’t like sushi.

• 2. a) Subject + don’t / doesn’t + like + verb in infinitive form (to + verb).

I don’t like to sing. She doesn’t like to sing.

• 3. b) Subject + don’t / doesn’t + like + verb in gerund form (ver...ing)

I don’t like singing. She doesn’t like singing.

Like - Interrogative Form

• 1. Do / Does + subject + like + noun?

Do you like sushi? Does she like sushi?

• 2. a) Do / Does + subject + like + verb in infinitive form (to + verb).

Do you like to sing? Does she like to sing?

• 3. b) Do / Does + subject + like + verb in gerund form (ver...ing)

Do you like singing? Does she like singing?

The expression “would like” is used to talk about things that we want (nouns), things we want to do, or things we want to offer to another person (questions). Examples: I would like some soup. (Things we want) I would like to buy a new car.. (Things we want to do) Would you like some cake? (Things we want to offer to another person) Note: We use “would like” with all the subjects (I, you, he, she, it, we, and they). We can use contractions with would: I would= I’d, she would= she’d, he would= he’d, etc.) Example: I´d like to go shopping.

Would like - Affirmative Form

• 1. a) Subject + would like + things we want (nouns).

I would like some soup.

• 2. b) Subject + would like + things we want to do.

I would like to buy a new car.

Would like - Negative Form

• 1. Subject + wouldn’t like + things don’t want (nouns)

I wouldn’t like any soup.

• 2. Subject + wouldn’t like + things don’t want to do.

I wouldn’t like to buy a new car.

Would like - Interrogative Form

• 1. Would + subject + like + things a person wants to do?

Would you like to buy a new car?

• 2. Would + subject + like + things we want to offer?

Would you like some soup?

Aditional materials

Video: I like vs I’d like Americano da Gema https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXygpVq5jgY Exercises: Like or would like ToLearnEnglish.com https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-48729.php Exercises: Like or would like worksheet esl-lounge.com https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/2g34-like-would-like.php

Reference:

Sadzhaya, Vika (2017). Go Strong 4: Teacher’s Book. Mexico: Anglo Publishing

Lesson 5: What car do you want to buy?

Gerunds and Infinitives

Review the same topic studied in Lesson 1 (Slides 2-10)

In English, when two verbs are used together, they may be used in three different

• ways. There are 3 verb patterns:

Pattern 1: verb 1 + verb 2 (infinitive form) Pattern 2: verb 1 + verb 2 (-ing form) Pattern 3: verb 1 + verb 2 (infinitive form) / verb 1 + verb 2 (-ing form)

Other uses of gerunds:

• As the subject of a sentence

When the sentence begins with a verb, it is used in gerund form. Examples: Eating when you’re full is a bad habit. Exercising is a great way to be healthy.

• After prepositions

When there is a verb after a preposition, it must be written in gerund form. Examples: Before getting off the plane, make sure you have all your belongings. Remember that you need to brush your teeth after eating.

The gerunds and the infinitives have different functions in a sentence:

• 1. The subject of a sentence:

Example: Speaking Russian is difficult. (more common)

(subject)

To speak Russian is difficult. (less common)

(subject)

• 2. The object of a sentence:

Example: She likes playing tennis.

(object)

She likes to play tennis.

(object)

The gerunds and the infinitives have different functions in a sentence:

• 3. The object of a preposition (the verb after a preposition).

Example: They are talking about learning Japanese.

(preposition) (object of a preposition)

Video: Gerunds as subjects ESLprof2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PD1DgDOsKQ4 Video: Gerund as object of preposition Teacher Dan’s Videos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LaOZjDpvlo8 Exercise:Gerunds and Infinitives EnglishPage.com https://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/part_1.htm

Additional materials

Sadzhaya, Vika (2017). Go Strong 4: Teacher’s Book. Mexico: Anglo Publishing

Reference:

“Both” and “Neither”

We use “both” to state that something is true for two people or things. Example: Sheila and Terry are careful drivers. They both drive carefully. Both of them drive carefully. Note: Both is used in affirmative sentences and takes a plural verb.

Lesson 6: Do both of us like studying English?

We use “neither” to state that something is not true for two people or things. Example: Shawn and his mother play the guitar. Neither of them plays the piano. Note: Neither is used in affirmative sentences, but with a negative meaning. The verb is either in the singular or in the plural form. Examples: Neither of the children eat vegetables. (plural) Neither of the children eats vegetales. (singular)

Double Conjunctions

The double conjunctions “both...and” and “neither...nor” link two words or phrases in the same sentence. They are used only in the affirmative form. Both...and states that something is true for two people or things. The verb is aways in the plural form. Example: Both the house and the garden are beautiful. (The house is beautiful, and the garden is beautiful, too.) The verb is plural

Neither...nor states that something is not true for either of two people or things. This double conjunction has a negative meaning, and the verb is either singular or plural. Example: Neither Gaby nor her sister speak/speaks French. (Gaby doesn’t speak French, and her sister doesn’t speak French either.)

The verb can be singular or plural

Additional materials

Exercises: Grammar Quiz: Both, Either, and Neither Using Englsih.com https://www.usingenglish.com/quizzes/44.html Exercise: Both and Neither. Grammar Bank.com https://www.grammarbank.com/both-and-neither.html

Referencia

Mitchel, H.Q. and S. Parker. (2004). Live English Grammar. Pre-Intermediate. USA: MM Publications.