Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco-Gisbert , Ismael Ripoll Universit` at Polit` ecnica de Val` encia (Spain) 2013 IEEE 12th International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications August 22-24, 2013

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco Table of contents Introduction 1 The problem: Network servers and their threats 2 How we solve it: RAF SSP 3 Conclusions 4

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco Introduction Overview Buffer overflows are still a major software threat. [Top 25] One of the most effective protection technique is the stack canary protector (SSP) . Currently employed in most servers: Apache, Lighthttp, etc. Unfortunately, the SSP on network servers is prone to brute force attacks. We have extended the SSP technique to prevent brute force attacks at zero cost: temporal, spacial and implementational!

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco Introduction How the Stack Canary Protector works The canary is a random value placed on the stack to detect buffer overflows. When a overflows the canary is corrupted. If the verification of the canary fails → abort() �

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco The problem: Network servers and their threats Forking servers Processes created with fork() inherit most of its father state. Father and children have the same canary-reference value. Server group of processes child server child child fork() Clients

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco The problem: Network servers and their threats Forking servers Processes created with fork() inherit most of its father state. Father and children have the same canary-reference value. Server group of processes child server child child fork() Clients When the attacker guesses an incorrect value, the child is killed by the SSP and a new child with the same canary is started. The attack is modelled as sampling without replacement .

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco The problem: Network servers and their threats Brute force attacks Sampling without replacement allows to build brute force attacks . Full search attack: The frame-canary word is overwritten on each trial. If the guessed word is not correct → abort() . 100% success on 93 hours and 46 hours on average. Byte for byte attack: Attackers control the number of overwritten bytes. Overwrite only the first stack canary byte until child does not crash. (same for following bytes). 100% success on 15 sec. and 7 sec. on average. Note: Some systems (i.e x86) set to zero most significant byte.

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco How we solve it: RAF SSP Observations and facts Facts: There is only one single reference-canary per process. The canary integrity check is done at the end of each function before returning. Upon return, only the current frame-canary is checked. Each child process of a network server is an error confinement region .

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco How we solve it: RAF SSP Observations and facts Facts: There is only one single reference-canary per process. The canary integrity check is done at the end of each function before returning. Upon return, only the current frame-canary is checked. Each child process of a network server is an error confinement region . Observation: After a fork(), the child process terminates by calling exit().

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco How we solve it: RAF SSP Core idea “Renew the reference-canary of the child right after the fork() ” RANDOM Server group of processes child server child child fork() Clients

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco How we solve it: RAF SSP Core idea “Renew the reference-canary of the child right after the fork() ” RANDOM Server group of processes child server child child fork() Clients When the attacker guesses an incorrect value, the child is killed by the SSP and a new child with a new canary is started. As a result, brute force attacks can not be built .

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco How we solve it: RAF SSP Stack evolution example: 1/21 �� !�� "�� "�� #$!�� #$!��

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco How we solve it: RAF SSP Stack evolution example: 2/21 ��%�� !�� "�� "�� #$!�� #$!��

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protector on networking servers Hector Marco-Gisbert , Ismael Ripoll Universit` at Polit`

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