Presentation to IEEE AESS Officers Strategic Planning Meeting ESA - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
THE EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY Presentation to IEEE AESS Officers Strategic Planning Meeting ESA HQ 4 February 2011 PURPOSE OF ESA To provide for and promote, for exclusively peaceful purposes, cooperation among European states in space
Presentation to IEEE AESS Officers Strategic Planning Meeting ESA HQ 4 February 2011
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States)
staff
and operated in flight
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Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Norway, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Romania signed an Accession Agreement on 20 January 2011 and is expected to become ESA‟s 19 Member State by summer 2011.
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Houston Washington
Kourou
Moscow
ESA sites/ facilities Offices ESTEC (Noordwijk)
Brussels
ESA HQ (Paris)
Toulouse
ESAC (Madrid) ESRIN (Rome) EAC (Cologne) ESOC (Darmstadt)
Harwell Redu Salmijaervi (Kiruna)
ESA ground stations
New Norcia Santa Maria Cebreros (Villafranca) Oberpfaffenhofen Maspalomas Perth Malargüe
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Income from Member States and Canada 2975.0 M€ (74.5%) Income from EU 777.9M€ (19.5%) Income from European Cooperating States (ECSA) 7.9 M€ (0.2%) Other income 233.0 M€ (5.8%) Total 3993.8 M€ (100%) 2011 income from Member States and Canada 2975.0 M€
M€: Million Euro
CA: 0.5%, 20.5 M€ UK: 6.6%, 265.3 M€ CH: 2.4%, 96.2 M€ SE: 1.5%, 59.9 M€ ES: 5.1%, 201.9 M€ PT: 0.4%, 15.8 M€ NO: 1.6%, 63.2 M€ NL: 2.1%, 84.2 M€ LU: 0.3%, 11.5 M€ IT: 9.5%, 380.0 M€ IE: 0.4%, 15.6 M€ GR: 0.4%, 14.9 M€ AT: 1.3%, 54.0 M€ BE: 4.1%, 164.8 M€ CZ: 0.3%, 10.4 M€ DE: 17.9%, 713.8 M€ DK: 0.8%, 31.2 M€ FI: 0.5%, 20.1 M€ FR: 18.8%, 751.4 M€ Income from EU, ECSA and Other: 25,5%, 1018.8 M€
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Programmes and mandatory activities 3985.9 M€ European Cooperating States Agreement (ECSA) 7.9 M€ Total 3993.8 M€
Budgets 2011 3993.8 M€
Technology* 2.5%, 105.1 M€ Launchers 15.3%, 612.5 M€
M€: Million Euro
*includes Third Parties
Robotic Exploration 3.2%, 129.4 M€ Human Spaceflight 10.3%, 410.9 M€ Navigation* 16.7%, 665.7 M€ Telecommunications* 8.5%, 341.3 M€ Earth Observation* 21.1%, 843.9 M€ Science 11.6%, 464.8 M€ General Budget 4.5%, 179.9 M€ Basic Activities 5.4%, 216.7 M€ ECSA 0.2%, 7.9 M€ Space Situational Awareness 0.4%, 15.7 M€
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All Member States participate (on a GNP basis) in activities related to space science and a common set of programmes (Mandatory programmes). Optional
Applications
Mandatory
technological research, education, common investments (facilities, laboratories, basic infrastructure)
astronomy and fundamental physics In addition, Member States choose their level of participation in Optional programmes.
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ESA’s industrial policy:
technology;
industry;
return on their investment;
competitive bidding, except where incompatible with objectives of the industrial policy.
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ESA’s ‘catalyst’ role ESA is responsible for R&D of space
qualification, they are handed to
emanated from ESA.
Meteorology: Eumetsat Navigation: Galileo (with EU) Launch services: Arianespace Telecomms: Eutelsat and Inmarsat
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The Council is the governing body of ESA. It provides the basic policy guidelines for ESA‟s activities. Each Member State is represented on the Council and has one vote. About every three years, Council meets at ministerial level („Ministerial Council‟) to take key decisions on new and continuing programmes and financial commitment. The ESA Council at ministerial level also meets together with the EU Council to form the European „Space Council‟.
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ESA is assessing challenging new missions, including probes to the moons of Jupiter and Saturn, for 2015–25. The first two medium-class missions will be launched in 2017 and 2018. ESA‟s long-term scientific programme is based on a vision. The „Cosmic Vision‟ looks for answers to mankind's fundamental questions:
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ExoMars will investigate the martian environment, particularly astro- biological issues, and develop and demonstrate new technologies for planetary exploration with the long-term view
return mission in the 2020s.
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Now that it is assembled, the ISS will be
This laboratory, and the Columbus module in particular, provides unique opportunities for science and research. Efforts are being made to attract The best ideas and proposals. Science performed on the ISS is being broadened.
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Part of ESA‟s „Living Planet’ Programme, these missions address critical and specific issues raised by the science community, while demonstrating the latest observing techniques. GOCE (2009– ) studying Earth‟s gravity field SMOS (2009– ) studying Earth‟s water cycle CryoSat-2 (2010– ) studying Earth‟s ice cover The next missions are: ADM-Aeolus – studying the atmosphere Swarm – three satellites to study Earth‟s magnetic field EarthCARE – an ESA/ JAXA mission to study Earth‟s clouds, aerosols and radiation
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Meteosat – ESA has been dedicated to
the launch of its first meteorological mission (1977). ERS-1 (1991) and ERS-2 (1995) – providing a wealth of invaluable data about Earth, its climate and changing environment. Envisat – the largest satellite ever built to monitor the environment, it provides continuous observation of Earth‟s surface, atmosphere, oceans and ice caps (2002).
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„Living Planet‟ also includes the next generation of missions dedicated to weather and climate. Meteosat Third Generation – taking over from Meteosat 11 in 2015, the last of four Meteosat Second Generation (MSG)
ESA and Eumetsat. MetOp – a series of three satellites to monitor climate and improve weather forecasting, the space segment of Eumetsat's Polar System (EPS). MetOp-A – Europe‟s first polar-orbiting satellite dedicated to operational meteorology (2006).
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A joint ESA/ European Commission initiative, Global Monitoring for the Environment and Security (GMES) is the response to Europe's need for geo- spatial information services. It will provide autonomous and independent access to information for policy-makers, particularly for environment and security issues. ESA is implementing the space component: developing the Sentinel satellite series, its ground segment and coordinating data access. ESA has started a Climate Change Initiative, for storage, production and assessment of essential climate data.
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EGNOS is a precursor to Galileo that augments GPS and GLONASS, making them suitable for safety-critical applications, such as aviation. Galileo is expected to spawn a wide range of useful applications, including value-added services for transport by road, rail, air and sea, infrastructure and public works management, agricultural and livestock management and tracking, even e-banking and e-commerce authentication. Galileo will be a key asset for the provision of public services, such as rescue operations, law enforcement and crisis management.
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Putting Europe at the forefront of this strategically and economically important sector, Galileo will provide a highly accurate, guaranteed global positioning service under civilian control. The full Galileo system will consist of 30 satellites and the associated ground
between ESA and the European Commission. GIOVE-A - first Galileo test satellite, 2005 GIOVE-B - launched in 2008, successfully validated the technologies Galileo IOV - first In-orbit Validation satellites due in 2011 FOC - Full Operational Capability satellites, expected 2012
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EDRS – the European Data Relay Satellite system, planned for 2013. An independent European system to reduce time delays in transmission of large data quantities, making on-demand data available at the right place, at the right time. Iris – developing a new air-to-ground communications system for air traffic management, the satellite-based solution for the Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) programme. Integrated Applications Promotion - bringing together diverse space infrastructures to facilitate innovative solutions, leading to sustainable services.
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The Space Situational Awareness (SSA) initiative aims to provide Europe and its citizens with accurate information about
environment and threats, such as asteroids. The initiative supports the autonomous capacity of Europe to securely and safely
The SSA system will also tell us more about „space weather‟ (solar activity affecting satellites and ground infrastructure). It will identify and assess asteroids and comets, known as Near-Earth Objects (NEOs), that pose a potential risk of collision with Earth.
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sector
(of which US 55% ) and 47% military (of which US 90% )
– 12% Common objective for ESA and EU is industry’s competitiveness with a balanced distribution of capacities (see Resolution of 7th Space Council)
ESD Partners / FL / 070723
Value chain in world telecommunication satellite services in 2005
Source: Euroconsult 2006. Endnote 32
Space manufacturing industry Satellitte
Ground equipment Satellite communication services
Bandwith capacity provision (FSS+MSS) Hardware & software for TVRO’s, VSATs, gateways, handhelds, Satellite Value-Added delivered services such as DTH, pay TV, DARs Satellite Manufacturing and Launch Services
$94,3 B
$3,3 B $7B $30B $54B
X 27,6
Space manufacturing industry $3,3 B Other Satcom value chain items $91 B
Revenue Muliplier
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The development of technology, along with access to space, is one of the enabling activities of ESA.
European industry
to non-space applications („spin-off‟), and bringing innovations from outside the space sector to use in the design
European technological independence and the availability of European resources for critical technologies.
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the world stage;
pioneering developments to bring new technologies near to market readiness;
wealth, jobs and new services for the citizens of Europe;
services to civil protection and rescue
ESA‟s Advanced Research in Telecommunications Systems (ARTES) programme promotes the development of technology, products and systems in partnership with industry.
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Alphabus – multipurpose platform exploited by European industry to build future high-power communication satellites. Its first mission, Alphasat, is due for launch in 2012 (in partnership with Inmarsat). Small GEO – general-purpose small geostationary satellite platform, with subsequent mission in 2012 (with Hispasat). Will strengthen position of European industry in commercial medium -sized telecoms platform market. Hylas – „Highly Adaptable Satellite‟ project, launched in 2010 (with Avanti). A hybrid Ka/ Ku band satellite with European coverage that uses generic, flexible and innovative payload technologies. EDRS – „European Data Relay Satellite‟ project to be launched in 2013 (with Astrium Services)
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The ISS unites USA, Russia, Japan, Canada and Europe in one of the largest partnerships in the history of science. I t provides a platform where crews of up to six astronauts conduct research into life and physical sciences and applications, and prepare for future human exploration missions. Europe‟s two key contributions are the Columbus laboratory and the Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV). Columbus provides a substantial part of the ISS‟s research capability, specialising in fluid physics, materials science and life
Cupola and Nodes 2 and 3.
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The first ESA astronauts were selected in 1978: Ulf Merbold, Wubbo Ockels and Claude Nicollier. The European Astronaut Corps was formed in 1998, uniting astronauts from several Member States and reinforcing a European identity.
ESA astronauts are based at the European Astronaut Centre (EAC), in Cologne, Germany: Paolo Nespoli (IT), Roberto Vittori (IT), Frank De Winne (BE), Hans Schlegel (DE), Jean-Francois Clervoy (FR), Christer Fuglesang (SE), Leopold Eyharts (FR) and Andre Kuipers (NL).
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In May 2009, six new ESA astronauts were selected from over 8000 European applications – to train for future missions to the ISS and beyond:
Samantha Cristoforetti (IT), Luca Parmitano (IT), Thomas Pesquet (FR), Andreas Mogensen (DK), Alexander Gerst (DE), Timothy Peake (UK).
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ESA is in the process of defining a new path for future robotic/ human exploration. Two ESA – EU International Conferences on Space Exploration already took place: Prague (2009) and Brussels (2010). The third conference will take place in November 2011 in Lucca, Italy.
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Several ESA Member States have national programmes run by a national space agency or equivalent government-delegated institution. ESA cooperates with national agencies on the basis of the subsidiarity principles. This cooperation may take various forms:
contributions) An action has been recently started to have systematic reviews of cooperation, in particular with largest contributing national agencies (CNES, DLR, ASI) to assess what is on-going and explore further opportunities for the future.
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The European Union and ESA share a common aim: to strengthen Europe and benefit its citizens. Closer ties and an increased cooperation between ESA and the EU will bring substantial benefits to Europe by:
unrestricted access to services provided by space systems for its policies, and
space to improve the lives of its citizens.
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Strategic objectives of space for Europe:
serve Europe‟s public policies, enterprises and citizens;
defence needs;
innovative industries;
based society;
systems and capabilities for independence and cooperation. In May 2007, 29 European countries (17 Member States of ESA and 27 Member States of the EU) adopted a Resolution on the European Space Policy, adding a new dimension to European space activities.
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an R&D space agency. Article 189 of the Lisbon Treaty gives the EU a mandate to elaborate a European space policy and take related measures. It also provides that the EU should establish appropriate relations with ESA.
force.
resolutions provide directions and guidelines.
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Two types of Agreements are currently implemented: the European Cooperating State (ECS) Agreement and the framework Cooperation Agreement. ECS objective: to prepare interested EU Member States in the most efficient manner for future accession. Cooperation Agreements objectives: exchange of information, training, exchange of experts and specific cooperation on a no-exchange of funds basis. European Cooperating States (ECS)
Framework Cooperation Agreements
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ESA Business Incubation Centres (BICs), its associated network of business incubators and the European Space Incubators Network (ESINET) are designed to bridge the gap between an idea and getting the technology transfer project off the ground, and assisting its development into a viable business. ESA BICs - part of ESA's Technology Transfer Programme Office (TTPO) - provide technical expertise and business-development support. This activity is involving entrepreneurs, space companies, research centres and universities.
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www.esa.int