Plants of a Perennial Garden Name Sources Deer Family Type Size - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Plants of a Perennial Garden

Botanical Common

Acer palmatum ‘Dissectum’ Lace leaf Japenese Maple Sapindaceae (soapberry family) Deciduous shrub Height: 6.00 to 12.00 ft. Spread: 9.00 to 15.00 ft. 5 to 9 Full sun to part shade Easily grown in moist,

• rganically rich, slightly

acidic, well-drained soils. Grows well in sandy loams. Medium Yes China, Korea, Japan Occasionally Damaged 1, 2, 3 Aquilegia canadensis Columbine Ranunculaceae (buttercup or crowfoot family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 2.00 to 3.00 ft. Spread: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. 3 to 8 Full sun to part shade Wide range of soil tolerance as long as drainage is good. Prefers rich, moist soils in light to moderate shade. Medium Yes Eastern North America Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Asarum europaeum European Ginger Aristolochiaceae (birthwort family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 0.25 to 0.50 ft. Spread: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. 4 to 7 Part shade to full shade Easily grown in humusy, slightly acidic, consistently moist but well-drained soils. Medium to wet Evergreen in mild winters Moist, open woodland areas in central to southern Europe Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Astilbe sp. Astilbe False goat's beard False spirea Saxifragaceae (saxifrage family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 1.50 to 4.00 ft. Spread: 1.50 to 2.00 ft. 4 to 8 Part shade to full shade Easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soils. Prefers moist, humusy,

• rganically rich soils. Soils

should not be allowed to dry

• ut.

Medium Yes Mountain ravines and woodland in Asia and North America. Seldom Damaged 1, 2, 3, 6 Athyrium niponicum Japanese Painted Fern Woodsiaceae (cliff fern or lady fern family) Fern Height: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. Spread: 1.50 to 2.00 ft. 3 to 8 Part shade to full shade Easily grown in humusy,

• rganically rich, well-drained

soil Medium Yes Eastern Asia Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Boxus ' Newport Blue' Boxwood Buxaceae (boxwood family) Broadleaf evergreen Height: 5.00 to 15.00 ft. Spread: 5.00 to 15.00 ft. 5 to 8 Full sun to part shade Typically grown in evenly moist, well-drained loams (e.g., sand-clay mixture). Prefer soils with a pH of slightly acidic to slightly alkaline. Medium Evergreen Southern Europe, western Asia, northern Africa Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Brunnera macrophylla ‘Jack Frost’ Brunnera Siberian bugloss Boraginaceae (forget-me-not family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. Spread: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. 3 to 8 Part shade Easily grown in average, well- drained soil. Intolerant of dry

• soils. Prefers consistently

moist, organically rich soils. Medium Yes Caucasus (a region at the border of Europe and Asia, situated between the Black and the Caspian seas) Rarely Damaged 2, 3, 6 Cornus florida ‘Gulf Coast Pink‘ Flowering Dogwood Cornaceae (dogwood family) Tree Height: 15.00 to 30.00 ft. Spread: 15.00 to 30.00 ft. 5 to 9 Full sun to part shade Easily grown in average, well- drained soils. Prefers moist,

• rganically rich, acidic soils.

Medium Yes Eastern North America Seldom Damaged 1, 2, 3 Daphne odora ‘Greenleaf’ Greenleaf Daphne Thymelaeaceae (Daphne Family) Broadleaf evergreen Height: 3.00 to 4.00 ft. Spread: 2.00 to 4.00 ft. 7 to 9 Part shade Best grown in moist, rich, sandy-humusy, well-drained soils with a neutral pH. Medium Evergreen China, Japan Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3, 6 Echinacea purpurea Purple Coneflower Asteraceae (aster, daisy, composite, or sunflower family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 3.00 to 5.00 ft. Spread: 1.50 to 2.00 ft. 3 to 8 Full sun to part

• shade. Best in full

sun. Easily grown in average, well- drained soil. Dry to medium Yes Eastern United States Seldom Damaged 1, 2, 3 Epimedium grandiflorum ‘Lilafee' Barrenwort Bishop's Cap Bishop's Hat Fairy Wings Horny Goat Weed Rowdy Lamb Herb Randy Beef Grass Yin Yang Huo Berberidaceae (barberry family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. Spread: 0.75 to 1.50 ft. 5 to 8 Part shade to full shade Easily grown in average, acidic well-drained soils. Prefers loose, organically rich loams with consistent

• moisture. Intolerant of

alkaline soils. Dry to medium Deciduous in USDA Zones 5-6. Although sometimes semi- evergreen south of Zone 6, foliage still tends to disappear on its own by spring Deciduous woodland areas of Japan, Korea and Manchuria Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Euphorbia characias subsp. wulfenii Spurge Euphorbiaceae (spurge family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 2.00 to 3.00 ft. Spread: 1.50 to 2.00 ft. 6 to 8 Full sun to part shade Grow in well-drained soils. Plants may show stress in hot and humid summers. They dislike heavy clay. Plants generally have good drought tolerance, but appreciate some moisture in dry summer periods. Wet soils in winter can be fatal. Dry to medium Plants are considered to be evergreen in warm winter areas. Plants are not reliably winter hardy in USDA Zone 6 Balkans, European Turkey Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3

Sources (see below) Family Type Deer Resistance Name Light Soil Moisture Deciduous? Native Range Zone Size Page 1 Compiled by: Leslie C Rucker, Jr. Montgomery County Maryland Master Gardener

Plants of a Perennial Garden

Botanical Common Sources (see below) Family Type Deer Resistance Name Light Soil Moisture Deciduous? Native Range Zone Size

Geranium maculatum Wild Geranium Native Geranium Spotted Geranium Wood Geranium Geraniaceae (geranium family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 1.50 to 2.00 ft. Spread: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. 3 to 8 Full sun to part shade Easily grown in average, well- drained soil. Prefers moist, humusy soils, but tolerates poor soils. Medium Yes Northeastern United States Rarely Damaged 3 Hakonechloa macra ‘Aureola’ Golden Hakone Grass Japanese Forest Grass Poaceae (grass family) Ornamental grass Height: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. Spread: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. 5 to 9 Part shade Best grown in moist, humusy, well-drained soils Medium Yes Japan Rarely Damaged 2, 3 Helleborus x hybridus Lenten Rose Hellebore Ranunculaceae (buttercup or crowfoot family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. Spread: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. 4 to 9 Part shade to full shade Easily grown in organically rich, fertile, humusy, alkaline, well-drained soils. Medium Evergreen Various species of this genus originated in Europe and Asia. Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3, 6 Hosta Hosta Plantain lily Giboshi Asparagaceae (asparagus family) Herbaceous perennial Varies widely by species 3 to 8 Part shade to full shade Easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soils. Tolerant of a wide range of soil conditions. Does best in rich, moist, organic soils. Medium Yes Northeast Asia Frequently Damaged 1, 2, 3, 6 Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris Climbing hydrangea Hydrangeaceae (hydrangea family) Vine Height: 30.00 to 50.00 ft. Spread: 5.00 to 6.00 ft. 4 to 8 Part shade to full shade Best grown in rich, fertile, moist but well-drained soils. Medium Yes Japan, Sakhalin, Korea, Taiwan Occasionally Damaged 1, 2, 3 Hydrangea arborescens ' Annabelle' Smooth hydrangea Hydrangeaceae (hydrangea family) Deciduous shrub Height: 3.00 to 5.00 ft. Spread: 4.00 to 6.00 ft. 4 to 9 Half Sun/Half Shade Mostly Shady Best grown in rich, well- drained soils. Soil pH affects the flower color (blue in highly acidic soils and lilac to pink in slightly acidic to alkaline soils). Medium Yes China & Japan Occasionally Damaged 1, 2 Hydrangea macrophylla 'Bailmer' ENDLESS SUMMER Bigleaf hydrangea Hydrangeaceae (hydrangea family) Deciduous shrub Height: 3.00 to 4.00 ft. Spread: 3.00 to 4.00 ft. 4 to 9 Part shade Best grown in rich, well- drained soils. Soil pH affects the flower color (blue in highly acidic soils and lilac to pink in slightly acidic to alkaline soils). Medium Yes China & Japan Occasionally Damaged 1, 2, 3, 6 Hydrangea macrophylla 'Lady-in- Red' Bigleaf hydrangea Hydrangeaceae (hydrangea family) Deciduous shrub Height: 3.00 to 4.00 ft. Spread: 3.00 to 4.00 ft. 4 to 9 Part shade Best grown in rich, well- drained soils. Soil pH affects the flower color (blue in highly acidic soils and lilac to pink in slightly acidic to alkaline soils). Medium Yes China & Japan Occasionally Damaged 1, 2, 3 Hydrangea macrophylla ' Nikko Blue' Bigleaf hydrangea Hydrangeaceae (hydrangea family) Deciduous shrub Height: 4.00 to 6.00 ft. Spread: 4.00 to 6.00 ft. 6 to 9 Part shade Best grown in rich, well- drained soils. Soil pH affects the flower color (blue in highly acidic soils and lilac to pink in slightly acidic to alkaline soils). Medium Yes China & Japan Occasionally Damaged 1, 2, 3 Hydrangea paniculata 'Dvppinky' PINKY-WINKY Panicle hydrangea Hydrangeaceae (hydrangea family) Deciduous shrub Height: 6.00 to 8.00 ft. Spread: 5.00 to 6.00 ft. 3 to 8 Full sun to part shade Best grown in organically rich, medium moisture, well- drained soils. Medium Yes China & Japan Occasionally Damaged 1, 2, 3 Hydrangea quercifolia Oakleaf Hydrangea Hydrangeaceae (hydrangea family) Deciduous shrub Height: 6.00 to 8.00 ft. Spread: 6.00 to 8.00 ft. 5 to 9 Full sun to part shade Easily grown in organically rich, well-drained soils. Thrives in moist soils, and appreciates a summer mulch which helps retain soil moisture. Medium Yes Southeastern United States Occasionally Damaged 1, 2, 3 Hydrangea quercifolia ‘Snowflake’ "Double” Oakleaf Hydrangea (Blooms appear to be double but are actually multiple florets) Hydrangeaceae (hydrangea family) Deciduous shrub Height: 5.00 to 8.00 ft. Spread: 5.00 to 10.00 ft. 5 to 9 Full sun to part shade Easily grown in organically rich, well-drained soils. Thrives in moist soils, and appreciates a summer mulch which helps retain soil moisture. Medium Yes Southeastern United States Frequently Damaged 1, 2, 3 Ilex opaca American Holly Aquifoliaceae (holly family) Broadleaf evergreen Height: 15.00 to 30.00 ft. Spread: 10.00 to 20.00 ft. 5 to 9 Full sun to part shade Easily grown in average, consistently moist, acidic, well-drained soils. Medium Evergreen Eastern and central United States Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3

Page 2 Compiled by: Leslie C Rucker, Jr. Montgomery County Maryland Master Gardener

Plants of a Perennial Garden

Botanical Common Sources (see below) Family Type Deer Resistance Name Light Soil Moisture Deciduous? Native Range Zone Size

Jasminum nudiflorum Winter Jasmine Oleaceae (olive family) Vine Height: 10.00 to 15.00 ft. Spread: 3.00 to 6.00 ft. 6 to 10 Full sun to part

• shade. Tolerates full

shade but with much reduced flowering. Best grown in well-drained sandy loams with regular

• moisture. Tolerant of a wide

range of soil conditions. Medium Evergreen Northern China Seldom Damaged 1, 2, 3 Kalmia latifolia Mountain Laurel Ericaceae (heath or heather family) Broadleaf evergreen Height: 5.00 to 15.00 ft. Spread: 5.00 to 15.00 ft. 4 to 9 Part shade. Plants tolerate a wide range

• f light conditions (full

sun to full shade), but are best in part shade. Best grown in moist, acidic, humusy, well-drained soils. Medium Evergreen Eastern United States Occasionally Damaged 1, 2, 3 Lamprocapnos spectabilis (formerly: Dicentra spectabilis) Bleeding-Heart Papaveraceae (poppy family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 2.00 to 3.00 ft. Spread: 1.50 to 2.50 ft. 3 to 9 Part shade to full shade Easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soil. Prefers moist, humusy soils. Intolerant of wet soils in winter and dry soils in summer. Medium Yes Siberia, Japan, northern China, Korea Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Leucothoe fontanesiana Drooping laurel Ericaceae (heath or heather family) Broadleaf evergreen Height: 2.00 to 3.00 ft. Spread: 2.00 to 3.00 ft. 5 to 8 Part shade to full shade Best grown in moist, acidic,

• rganically rich, cool, sandy

to clay, well-drained loams. Tolerates full shade. Does not tolerate drought or windy conditions. Medium Evergreen Moist forested mountain areas, dense thickets, stream banks and ravines from New York south to Alabama and Georgia, primarily in the Appalachian Mountains. Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Leucothoe fontanesiana 'Silver Run' Varigated Leucothoe Ericaceae (heath or heather family) Broadleaf evergreen Height: 2.00 to 3.00 ft. Spread: 3.00 to 4.00 ft. 5 Part shade Does best in cool, moist, well- drained, acid soil. Medium Evergreen Southeast United States Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 4 Mahonia aquifolium Oregon Grape Holly Berberidaceae (barberry family) Broadleaf evergreen Height: 3.00 to 6.00 ft. Spread: 2.00 to 5.00 ft. 5 to 8 Part shade to full shade Grow in moist, organically rich, acidic, well-drained soils. Medium Evergreen Western North America Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich or Shuttlecock Fern Onocleaceae (sensitive fern) Fern Height: 3.00 to 6.00 ft. Spread: 5.00 to 8.00 ft. 3 to 7 Part shade to full shade Easily grown in average, medium to wet soil. Medium to wet Yes Europe, eastern Asia, eastern North America Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern Osmundaceae (royal fern family) Fern Height: 2.00 to 3.00 ft. Spread: 2.00 to 3.00 ft. 3 to 9 Part shade to full shade Prefers moist, rich, humusy, acidic soils, but adapts to lesser conditions. Medium to wet Yes North and South America, West Indies, eastern Asia Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Pachysandra procumbens Native Pachysandra Allegheny Spurge Buxaceae (boxwood family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 0.50 to 1.00 ft. Spread: 1.00 to 2.00 ft. 5 to 9 Part shade to full shade Best grown in acidic,

• rganically rich, well-drained

soils. Medium Typically deciduous in USDA Zones 5 and 6 but semi-evergreen to evergreen in Zones 7 to 9 Southeastern United States Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Pachysandra terminalis Japanese Spurge Buxaceae (boxwood family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 0.50 to 1.00 ft. Spread: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. 5 to 9 Part shade to full shade Best grown in organically rich, well-drained soil. Medium Evergreen Japan, northern-central China Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Paeonia Peony Paeoniaceae (peony family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 2.50 to 3.00 ft. Spread: 2.50 to 3.00 ft. 3 to 8 Full sun to part shade Easily grown in rich, fertile, well-drained soil. Add compost as needed before planting. Medium Yes Asia, Southern Europe and Western North America Rarely Damaged 2, 3, 6 Pieris japonica Japanese andromeda) Ericaceae (heath or heather family) Broadleaf evergreen Height: 9.00 to 12.00 ft. Spread: 6.00 to 8.00 ft. 5 to 8 Full sun to part shade Best grown in organically rich, slightly acidic, medium moisture, well-drained soil. Medium Evergreen Japan, Taiwan, E. China Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Podophyllum peltatum May Apple Berberidaceae (barberry family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 1.00 to 1.50 ft. Spread: 0.75 to 1.00 ft. 3 to 8 Part shade to full shade Grow in average, well- drained soil. Prefers rich, moist, humusy soils. Often forms large colonies in the

• wild. Will self-seed under
• ptimum growing conditions.

Medium Yes Eastern North America south to Texas Rarely Damaged 2, 3

Page 3 Compiled by: Leslie C Rucker, Jr. Montgomery County Maryland Master Gardener

Plants of a Perennial Garden

Botanical Common Sources (see below) Family Type Deer Resistance Name Light Soil Moisture Deciduous? Native Range Zone Size

Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum 'Variegatum' Solomon's Seal Varigated Asparagaceae (asparagus family) Herbaceous perennial Height: 2.00 to 3.00 ft. Spread: 0.75 to 1.00 ft. 3 to 8 Part shade to full shade Easily grown in moist, humusy, organically rich, well- drained soils. Best performance occurs in cool sun-dappled shady areas. Dislikes hot summer conditions. Medium to wet Yes Shaded slopes and woodland areas in temperate regions of Europe and Asia. Occasionally Damaged 1, 2, 3 Polystichum arcostichoides Christmas Fern Dryopteridaceae (wood fern or shield fern family) Fern Height: 1.00 to 2.00 ft. Spread: 1.00 to 2.00 ft. 3 to 9 Part shade to full shade Best grown in organically rich, well-drained soils. Dry to medium Evergreen Eastern North America Rarely Damaged 2, 3 Rhododendron sp. Rhododendron Ericaceae (heath or heather family) Broadleaf evergreen Height: 3.00 to 6.00 ft. Spread: 4.00 to 7.00 ft. 4 to 8 Part shade to full

• shade. Prefers a sun

dappled shade. Foliage may scorch in full sun. Best grown in acidic, humusy, organically rich, moisture-retentive but well- drained soils. Acidify soils prior to planting and thereafter as needed. Medium Evergreen Asia, North America, Europe and Australia Frequently Damaged 1, 2, 3, 4 Sarcoccoca hookeriana Sweet Box Christmas box Buxaceae (boxwood family) Broadleaf evergreen Height: 1.00 to 2.00 ft. Spread: 2.00 to 4.00 ft. 6 to 8 Part shade to full shade Best grown in organically rich, acidic, moist, well- drained soils. Medium Evergreen China Rarely Damaged 1, 2, 3 Sedum spectabile ‘Autumn Joy’ stonecrop Hylotelephium 'Herbstfreude' AUTUMN JOY Sedum Stonecrop Crassulaceae (stonecrop or

• rpine family)

Herbaceous perennial Height: 1.50 to 2.00 ft. Spread: 1.50 to 2.00 ft. 3 to 9 Full sun Tolerates very light shade, but stems tend to topple over from the weight of the flower heads when grown in too much shade. Easily grown in average, well- drained soil. Prefers well- drained soil, but does surprising well in heavy clay. Dry to medium Yes China and Korea Occasionally Damaged 2, 3, 6 Skimmia japonica Japanese Skimmia Rutaceae (rue or citrus family) Broadleaf evergreen Height: 3.00 to 4.00 ft. Spread: 4.00 to 5.00 ft. 6 to 8 Part shade to full shade Best grown in moist, humusy, organically rich, moderately fertile, well- drained soils. Medium Evergreen Japan & China Rarely Damaged 2, 3 Viburnum x juddii Judd Viburnum Adoxaceae (honeysuckle family) Deciduous shrub Height: 6.00 to 8.00 ft. Spread: 6.00 to 10.00 ft. 4 to 8 Full sun to part shade Easily grown in average, well- drained soil. Prefers moist loams, but tolerates a wide range of soils. Medium Yes Throughout the temperate Northern Hemisphere Seldom Damaged 1, 2, 3, 6 Average Annual Extreme Minimum Temperature Plant Hardiness Zone USDA The National Gardening Association Sources:

• 10 to -5

6A 1 = Maryland Cooperative Extension Fact Sheet 655

• 5 to 0

6B  2 = Rutgers University Agricultural Extension Service 0 to 5 7A  3 = Missouri Botanical Garden 5 to 10 7B 4 = The Dawes Arboretum 5 = County Line Nursery 6 = Wikipedia for Native Range

Page 4 Compiled by: Leslie C Rucker, Jr. Montgomery County Maryland Master Gardener