www.thalesgroup.com/germany PAM FRA Holger NEUFELDT Patrick LEFEVRE
Recapitulation: Surveillance Technologies 2 / Surveillance Technologies distributed centralised cooperative cooperative non- independent dependent cooperative Radar ADS MSPSR Multilateration active passive active passive passive / ADS-C ADS-B PCL MSPSR PSR SSR active Mode A/C 1090 ES Airport UAT TMA Mode A/C/S non- cooperative VDL-4 WAM cooperative independent WAM = Wide Area Multilateration WAM/MLKAT Training Thales Shawnee - Part I Dec 1, 2011
Fundamental Principle of Multilateration 3 / Transponder Reply Aircraft transponders reply or Mode S quitter to interrogations from SSR MLAT/WAM CPS 1 calculates surfaces or multilateration systems, and emit unsolicited of constant time squitters/extended squitters difference 2 Signals received and time stamped Multilateration 3 by Ground Stations Ground Stations 4 (GS) Ground System Output: Track Multilateration communications Aircraft reports Surveillance ATC reports Central network Data Display Processing Processor System Station (CPS) WAM/MLKAT Training Thales Shawnee - Part I Dec 1, 2011
Multilateration 4 / Based on 1090 MHz signals (Mode A/C/S, 1090 ES) Requires >4 receivers with line of sight to target, or, at least 3 receivers + baro altitude Geometry-dependent – proper site planning is critical Transmitter required for Mode A/C compatibility Multi Multilate latera ration tion System System Con Configura figuration tions: s: MLAT: airport surface surveillance PAM and TMA MLAT: precision approach monitoring or airport terminal area surveillance Country-wide WAM: en-route surveillance (Wide Area Multilateration) Same equipment - same software Thales Multilateration System: MAGS (Multilateration Air/Ground Surveillance System) WAM/MLKAT Training Thales Shawnee - Part I Dec 1, 2011
PAMFRA Project 5 / Custo Customer mer DFS Locations of DFS Public-sector sites Locations the of Federal Armed Forces (Bundeswehr) Privately-owned sites Main Task Main ask Provide Multilateration Surveillance within 128x80 NM coverage region around Frankfurt International Airport Source: Fraport AG PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
PAM FRA required Performance Main Par Main Parameter ameters Output Probability of Detection: PD ≥ 97% Up to 500 targets Mode A/C & S in coverage at any one time Reporting interval: 1 second, Direct plot output (no coasting, extrapolation or smoothing) Horizontal Position Accuracy: HPA ≤ 50m RMS (150 m for ED -142) Probability of Code Detection: PCD ≥ 97% (Mode A), ≥ 96% (Mode C) Altitude Timeout 1s Dual synchronisation required (GPS and RF Time Beacon) N-1 redundancy Main cons Main constr traints aints High Radio Frequency environment (most loaded 1090 MHz environment) High traffic load (>500 WAM targets seen in physical coverage) Difficult traffic mix (gliders, ultralights, helicopters, military, air transport,…) 6 PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
Coverage Requirements PAM FRA 7 / Wiesbaden Airport Frankfurt/Hahn Airport Frankfurt/Main Airport PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
Siting Concept DFS concluded a comprehensive initial site survey presenting a selection of more than 80 sites for tenderers to choose from Thales identified 34 sites (12 of these for airport GND alone) and their respective role Main driver: low level visibility, rather than power budget Omni Re-use existing sites as far as practial Antenna Requires system adaptability: antenna types, EMC, communication, packaging, lightning protection, etc. Confirmed findings in final site survey Sector Antenna Omni Antenna 8 PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
Site selection: Good sites do exist, but... .. ...many .many ot othe hers rs ca came me be before fore – an and d th they ha ey have ve simi similar lar ne need eds No space on mast Top position occupied Strong transmitters Harmonics close to the 1090 MHz frequency Icefall may impact antenna‘s life Daily lightning strikes 9 PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
Siting Model Als lso o modell modelled: ed: all N-1 cases Position Performance Model Selected Sites all performances RF Sync Performance Model Interrogation Performance Model Various target altitudes 10 PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
Typical PAM FRA Ground Station Sites 11 PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
WAM Sensor Equipment AX680 Receiver • Digital, software-defined radio • 1090 ES ADS-B Decoding • Hot-swap elements WAM Ground Stations Central Processing Station Small Indoor Cabinet Regular Indoor Cabinet Outdoor Cabinet 12 PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
System Integration Primary ATM System RadNet MaC/S CMD SDR P1/ATCAS RDPS A+B Central ATCAS Processing CMMC LAN Systems further GS RU systems CWP CPS TP A 1 Ground Fallback ATM System further Stations GS RU Core systems LAN FBS COM CPS TP B 2 GS RU LAN PHOENIX CWP RMCDE (ops) GS RU SDR CMS Phoenix CC PAM-FRA WAM Sensor Track Server A+B RMCDE ADS-B Data New interface to existing (test) Evaluation system MWP 13 PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
WAM Data used by DFS Performance everywhere to Spec Screenshots taken 30NOV2012 – hardly any GA 14 PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
WAM Data seen by the System Performance Seen on summer weekend: not everywhere >520 targets to Spec Screenshots taken 30NOV2012 – hardly any GA 15 PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
All Data seen by the System Blue = ADS-B Screenshots taken 30NOV2012 – hardly any GA 16 PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
Low Level G/A aircraft test flight (EDFH) Evaluation by DFS (S. Stanzel) and Eurocontrol (D. Lambers / J. Steinleitner) EDFH low approach (100 ft GND) EDFH traffic pattern (500-1000 ft GND) Reference: GPS tracker Source: planepictures.net Mode S Antenna 17 PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
Measured Horizontal Position Accuracy 18 / Calculated by DFS comparing WAM to ADS-B across track error using Across track error known good ADS-B aircraft eliminates latency effects of (DLH, BA, RYR) ADS-B PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
New WAM Performance Assessment Tool: MAGS Explorer 19 / Main Fe Main Feat atur ures: es: Main performance parameters for MLAT/WAM PD / PFD / Gaps PCD / PFCD HPA Latency / Data Age Usage of different data sources ASX CAT10, 20, 21, 48, 62 Evaluation considering site specifications Coverage area / Airport layout & GS position Configurable requirements & evaluation volumes Flexible analysis options Overall or track based analysis Graphical and numerical result presentation Result documentation via automatic reporting function Title of presentation: 26/02/2013
PAM FRA actual Performance Main Par Main Parameter ameters Output Probability of Detection: PD ≥ 97% OK Up to 500 targets Mode A/C & S in coverage at any one time OK Reporting interval: 1 second, OK Direct plot output (no coasting, extrapolation or smoothing) OK Horizontal Position Accuracy: HPA ≤ 50m RMS (150 m for ED -142) OK Probability of Code Detection: PCD ≥ 97% (Mode A), ≥ 96% (Mode C) OK Altitude Timeout 1s OK Dual synchronisation required (GPS and RF Time Beacon) OK N-1 redundancy OK ´ Type approval by regulator, SAT passed: MAGS is compliant to PAM FRA Requirements 20 PAM FRA Overview - WAC February 2013 - HN
21 / Global Surveillance WAM/MLKAT Training Thales Shawnee - Part I Dec 1, 2011
Technologies: A dilemma for ANSPs… 22 / Conventional Highly mature, Surveillance continuously improving, Technologies : widely deployed technologies, PSR, SSR Mode S cornerstone of CNS infrastructures New Surveillance Maturing solutions, more & more Technologies: proven references and increasing WAM, ADS-B operational deployment WAM/MLKAT Training Thales Shawnee - Part I Dec 1, 2011
The answer : a Global Surveillance approach 23 / Made of the best mix of MLAT, ADS-B & Radars ADS-B RADAR WAM Surveillance Solution Find the composite surveillance solution best matching ANSPs needs WAM/MLKAT Training Thales Shawnee - Part I Dec 1, 2011
Enabling for global surveillance implementation Implemen Implementi ting ng Gl Glob obal al Su Surveill rveillan ance ce req requires uires A “common language” applicable to any surveillance technologies: Requirements Solution description Performance Costs An Integrated Tooling Suite supporting this common language Requirements capture Solution design & sitting Performance assessment Solution costing An improved mutual understanding between ANSPs & industry
Enablers for global surveillance implementation (1) 1- Capture of operational requirements CTR A CTR B Class D Class D SFC-3500ft CTR G SFC-3500ft Class D SFC-2500ft CTR F Class D CTR C SFC-2500ft Class A CTR E SFC-2500ft Class D CTR D Class D SFC-2000ft SFC-2000ft 19500 ft 2 layers, Update < 4 s (6000 m) 3 layers, Update < 4 s 3 layers, Update < 1 s 0 ft First focus on needs, not on solution…
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