Overview and recent results of LHCf Takashi SAKO (KMI/ISEE, Nagoya - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Overview and recent results of LHCf Takashi SAKO (KMI/ISEE, Nagoya - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sep 08, 2023 224 likes •475 views

Overview and recent results of LHCf Takashi SAKO (KMI/ISEE, Nagoya University) for the LHCf CollaboraCon 1 26-Oct-2015 TeVPA 2015, Kashiwa HECR Composi+on TA, APP 64, 49-62 (2015) PAO, PRD 90, 122005 (2014) Air shower observaCons determine

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SLIDE 1

Overview and recent results of LHCf

Takashi SAKO

(KMI/ISEE, Nagoya University)

for the LHCf CollaboraCon

1

TeVPA 2015, Kashiwa 26-Oct-2015

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SLIDE 2

HECR Composi+on

PAO, PRD 90, 122005 (2014) TA, APP 64, 49-62 (2015) 2

ü Air shower observaCons determine <Xmax> vs. energy ü Model predicCons to be compared differ at the level of experimental uncertainCes ü Models must be tested by accelerator experiments

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SLIDE 3

Cosmic-ray spectrum and collider energy

（D’Enterria et al., APP, 35,98-113, 2011 ）

3

FCC

Knee: end of galac+c proton CR End of galac+c CR and transi+on to extra-gal CR Ankle (GZK) cutoff: end of CR spectrum

LHC RHIC

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SLIDE 4

LHC Era (T.Pierog, HESZ2015)

Tevatron LHC 4

ü Good agreement between post-LHC models, QGS II-04 and EPOS-LHC ü No update in SIBYLL, but very good agreement with the others. By chance???

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SLIDE 5

Leading baryon MulC meson producCon

Parameters to characterize hadronic interac+on

nucleon π0 π+ π- γ

  • 1. σine （λint）
  • 3. Nuclear effect

elasCcity (Ebaryon/E0) Baryon spectrum inelasCcity (Emeson/E0= 1-elasCcity) mulCplicity Meson spectrum

  • 2. ParCcle producCon

5 (Baryon-Baryon producCon)

  • 4. π–A interacCon
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SLIDE 6

Leading baryon MulC meson producCon

Parameters to characterize hadronic interac+on

nucleon π0 π+ π- γ

  • 1. σine （λint）
  • 3. Nuclear effect

elasCcity (Ebaryon/E0) Baryon spectrum inelasCcity (Emeson/E0= 1-elasCcity) mulCplicity Meson spectrum

  • 2. ParCcle producCon

6 (Baryon-Baryon producCon)

  • 4. π–A interacCon
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SLIDE 7

Forward Par+cle Produc+on

pseudorapidity:η= -ln(tan(θ/2))

η=7 7 (photons ≅ π0 -> γγ)

ü √s=14 TeV p-p collision (QGSJET II-03) ü Typical pT≈1GeV/c => high-E parCcles are emiped forward

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SLIDE 8

Forward Par+cle Produc+on

η=7 8 (photons ≅ π0 -> γγ)

ü √s=14 TeV p-p collision (QGSJET II-03) ü Typical pT≈1GeV/c => high-E parCcles are emiped forward

η=8.4 => θ = 440 μrad

LHCf coverage

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SLIDE 9

*,**Y.Itow, *Y.Makino, *K.Masuda, *Y.Matsubara, *E.Matsubayashi, ***H.Menjo, *Y.Muraki, *Y.Okuno, *,**T.Sako, *M.Ueno, *Q.D.Zhou

*Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Japan

**Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University, Japan

***Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Japan

K.Yoshida Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan T.Iwata, K.Kasahara, T.Suzuki, S.Torii Waseda University, Japan Y.Shimizu, T.Tamura Kanagawa University, Japan N.Sakurai Tokushima University, Japan M.Haguenauer Ecole Polytechnique, France W.C.Turner LBNL, Berkeley, USA O.Adriani, E.Berti, L.Bonechi, M.Bongi, G.Castellini, R.D’Alessandro, P.Papini, S.Ricciarini, A.Tiberio INFN, Univ. di Firenze, Italy A.Tricomi INFN, Univ. di Catania, Italy A-L.Perrot CERN, Switzerland

The LHCf Collabora+on

9

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SLIDE 10

The LHC forward experiment

10

ATLAS

LHCf Arm#1 LHCf Arm#2

140m

Two independent detectors at either side of IP1 (Arm#1, Arm#2 )

Charged parCcles (+) Beam Charged parCcles (-)

Neutral par+cles

Beam pipe 96mm

ü All charged parCcles are swept by dipole magnet ü Neutral parCcles (photons and neutrons) arrive at LHCf ü η>8.4 (to infinity) is covered

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SLIDE 11

LHCf Detectors

Arm#1 Detector 20mmx20mm+40mmx40mm 4 XY SciFi+MAPMT Arm#2 Detector 25mmx25mm+32mmx32mm 4 XY Silicon strip detectors

ü Imaging sampling shower calorimeters ü Two calorimeter towers in each of Arm1 and Arm2 ü Each tower has 44 r.l. of Tungsten,16 sampling scinCllator and 4 posiCon sensiCve layers

11

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SLIDE 12

Detector performance

12 Arm2 ΔE/E < 5% ΔE/E ≈ 40%

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SLIDE 13

LHCf Opera+on History

  • 2009-2010

– Data taking with 900 GeV p-p collisions – Data taking with 7 TeV p-p collisions

  • 2013 (only Arm2)

– Data taking with 5.02 TeV p-Pb collisions – Data taking with 2.76 TeV p-p collisions

  • 2015

– Data taking with 13 TeV p-p collisions

13

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SLIDE 14

Publica+ons

Photon (EM shower) Neutron (hadron shower) π0 (limited acceptance) π0 (full acceptance) Performance Beam test

NIM, A671 (2012) 129-136 JINST, 9 (2014) P03016

0.9TeV p-p

PLB, 715 (2012) 298-303 IJMPA, 28 (2013) 1330036

7TeV p-p

PLB, 703 (2011) 128-134 PLB, 750 (2015) 360-366 PRD, 86, (2012) 092001 PRD submihed

2.76TeV p-p

PRC, 89 (2014) 065209

5.02TeV p-Pb 13TeV p-p Analysis in progress 14 physics results performance results

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SLIDE 15

Forward neutron spectra in 7TeV p-p collisions

(√s=7TeV p-p；PLB 750 (2015) 360-366)

15

ü Zero degree producCon is qualitaCvely explained by QGSJET II ü Non-zero-degree producCons (larger cross secCon) are underesCmated by popular QGSJET II and EPOS models zero degree

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SLIDE 16

[GeV]

z

p 1000 2000 3000 ]

  • 2

[GeV

3

/dp σ

3

Ed

inel

σ 1/

5 −

10

4 −

10

3 −

10

2 −

10

1 −

10 1

[GeV] < 0.8

T

(d) 0.6 < p

]

  • 2

[GeV

3

/dp σ

3

Ed

inel

σ 1/

5 −

10

4 −

10

3 −

10

2 −

10

1 −

10 1

[GeV] < 0.2

T

(a) 0.0 < p

=7TeV s LHCf

  • 1

Ldt=2.64+2.85nb

∫

[GeV]

z

p 1000 2000 3000

[GeV] < 1.0

T

(e) 0.8 < p [GeV] < 0.4

T

(b) 0.2 < p LHCf (stat.+syst.) DPMJET 3.06 QGSJET II-04 SIBYLL 2.1 PYTHIA 8.185 EPOS LHC [GeV] < 0.6

T

(c) 0.4 < p

π0 pz spectra in 7TeV p-p collisions

(PRD submiped,arXiv:1507.08764 [hep-ex])

16

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SLIDE 17

to be covered in 13TeV LHCf DPM3 QGS II-04 EPOS-LHC

Energy flow in 7TeV p-p collisions

17

ü Post-LHC models (EPOS-LHC and QGSJET II-04) well explain the π0 results, but not for neutrons ü DPMJET3 explains the neutron results, but it is not recently used for CR simulaCons

Black solid circle : LHCf data (π0 , LHCf 2012) Doped lines : π0 energy flow distribuCon of each model Thick horizontal line : Energy flow calculaCon a|er pT cut

π0 neutron

rapidity (y) pseudo-rapidity (η) Zero degree

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SLIDE 18

√s scaling of π0 produc+on

18

ü (630GeV −) 2.76TeV – 7TeV good scaling within uncertaintes ü Wider coverage in y and pT with 13TeV data ü Wider √s coverage with RHICf experiment in 2017 at √s=510GeV

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SLIDE 19

√s scaling of π0 produc+on

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ü (630GeV −) 2.76TeV – 7TeV good scaling within uncertaintes ü Wider coverage in y and pT with 13TeV data ü Wider √s coverage with RHICf experiment in 2017 at √s=510GeV

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SLIDE 20

20

13TeV opera+on in June 2015

  • LHCf physics fills: 10-13 June 2015
  • Total physics data taking: 26.6 hours
  • Observed high energy (>100GeV) parCcles : 39M events
  • π0 candidates : 0.5 M events
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SLIDE 21

21

13TeV opera+on in June 2015

2TeV π0 by Arm2

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SLIDE 22

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13TeV opera+on in June 2015

2TeV π0 by Arm2

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SLIDE 23

23

E[GeV] 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 N 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000

Non_diff+Diff Non_diff Diff Diff-like

Joint analysis with ATLAS

Well studied by big experiments Invisible for big experiment but having high energy All LHCf events (mixture of diffracCon and ND) LHCf events selected using ATLAS informaCon, same shape to the TRUE diffracCon events MC True; non-diffracCon (ND) MC True; diffracCon PYTHIA8 simulaCon

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SLIDE 24

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Summary

ü Collider data improve the hadronic interacCon models used in the cosmic- ray studies ü LHCf measures forward parCcle spectra, both baryons and mesons, carrying a large fracCon of collision energy

  • LHCf π0 spectra are well explained by the post-LHC models, EPOS-LHC

and QGSJET II-04

  • LHCf neutron spectra show excess, 30% in energy flow, than the post-

LHC models

  • LHCf confirmed scaling of π0 producCon at 2.76 TeV and 7 TeV data,

but in a limited phase space ü 13TeV data taking in 2015 was successful

  • Scaling test with wider phase space at the highest energy
  • More insight to the process by collaboraCng with ATLAS

ü Low energy extension at RHIC is scheduled in 2017

  • Wider √s coverage for scaling test => important to access >1017eV