Synergies • Clusters of – ship building and – ship recycling? Example: Steel from scrapping is used in construction
Synergies • Clusters of – ship owning and – services ? Example: Maritime service clusters in Hamburg, London, Hong Kong, or Singapore
Food for thought for OBOR
1) Maritime development • Long term: There is a trend that maritime sectors are increasingly located in “ developing countries ”
2) Specialization • We can identify which countries have similar “maritime profiles” • Clusters: We can identify which sectors are likely to be located in the same country
Clustering of maritime sectors
One Belt – One Road Liner shipping connectivity The maritime supply chain • Facilitating trade and transit
One Belt – One Road • Liner shipping connectivity • The maritime supply chain Facilitating trade and transit
Trade and transit facilitation A balance? Or trade-off?
TF measures help! • Improve revenue collection • Improve controls • Improve security
Risk Management
Advance information; internet publication; post clearance audit; electronic submission; etc. etc.
The WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) • A key tool to advance with One Belt, One Road • Implementation and ratification requires technical assistance
Trade Facilitation and Development: The Chicken and the Egg
Source: UNCTAD Trade Facilitation & Development Forthcoming
Source: UNCTAD Trade Facilitation & Development Forthcoming
Source: UNCTAD Trade Facilitation & Development Forthcoming
Source: UNCTAD Trade Facilitation & Development Forthcoming
Source: UNCTAD Trade Facilitation & Development Forthcoming
TF measures and Doing Business Source: UNCTAD Trade Facilitation & Development Forthcoming
Clusters of TF measures Source: UNCTAD Trade Facilitation & Development Forthcoming
OBOR: Many challenges, and solutions, require bilateral or regional cooperation
Possible criteria for a regional programme 1. The measure requires collaboration
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