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On-Line THM Analyser July 2012 Global THM-100 Installations 2 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
On-Line THM Analyser July 2012 Global THM-100 Installations 2 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
On-Line THM Analyser July 2012 Global THM-100 Installations 2 GLOBAL THM SPECIATION THM"Specia/on:"UK"+"Spain"+"California" 100" 90" 80" BrCl2"(UK)" Br2Cl"(UK)"
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GLOBAL THM SPECIATION
0" 10" 20" 30" 40" 50" 60" 70" 80" 90" 100" 0" 10" 20" 30" 40" 50" 60" 70" 80" 90" 100"
%"THM" %"Cl3"
THM"Specia/on:"UK"+"Spain"+"California"
BrCl2"(UK)" Br2Cl"(UK)" Br3"(UK)" BrCl2"(US)" Br2Cl"(US)" Br3"(US)" BrCl2"(ES)" Br2Cl"(ES)" Br3"(ES)"
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Organization of THM-100 System
Electronics Cabinet Process Cabinet Chemical Reagents and Standards
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Electronics Cabinet
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Process Cabinet
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Chemical Cabinet
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LCD-UI (User Interface)
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Colorimetric Detection – Fujiwara Reaction
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§ Chloroform reacts more slowly than brominated THMs to form the Fujiwara product
§ The THM Speciation of each water sample is deduced from the kinetics of the Fujiwara reaction
§ 3 Measurements of Absorbance (t1, t2 and t3); Calculate Br3, Cl3 and X2
Optimized Fujiwara Reaction Kinetics for the Four THMs
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 200 400 600 800 1000
Time / secs Absorbance .e
Cl3 Br2Cl BrCl2 Br3
Rates of the Colorimetric Reactions
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t1 t2 t3
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THM-100 Principal of Operation
Analysis Steps THM-100 Process Flow
- Draw Finished Water Sample
Fill Purge Vessel (250 mL)
- Extract THMs
Purge Water Sample and Trap THMs
- Concentrate THMs
Desorb Trap and Dissolve THMs into Chemical Reaction Mixture
- React THMs with Reagents
Initiate the Fujiwara Reaction
- Measure change in Absorptivity
Spectrophotometric Detection at 540 nm
- Determine Concentration of the THMs
Quantitative Determination of THM Concentrations and Speciation
- Report TTHM & CHCl3
Make Results Available on the System and via 4-20 mA and OPC/MOD Bus
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Schematic of THM-100 Components
Common Open Closed LEGEND
Solution 3 "Dilutor" Cleaning / Solvent Solution 2 "Developer" (Base mixture) Selector Valve Desorb Reservoir (Room Temp) (4 mL) Reaction Reservoir (Heated) (4 mL) Optical Spectro- meter Heated Purge Vessel (250 mL)
Level Sensor
CDA (or N2) Water Drain Drinking Water Source
V03
Solution 1 "Retainer" (for desorption) Chemical Waste
V04 Vent Purge gas 20 psi Desorb gas 6 psi
Syringe & Motor Gas Drying Tube
V02 V01
THM Standard 1 Water
Vent
FACILITIES
Vent
CONSUMABLE REAGENTS
Trap & Desorb Column
V01 Vent / Drain V06 Vent
THM Standard 2
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