of Aichi Biodiversity Targets 11 & 12 Capacity-building workshop - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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of Aichi Biodiversity Targets 11 & 12 Capacity-building workshop - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Sub-regional Analysis of the Status of Aichi Biodiversity Targets 11 & 12 Capacity-building workshop for Latin America and the Caribbean on achieving Aichi Biodiversity Target 11 and 12 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Dr. Sarat Babu Gidda

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Sub-regional Analysis of the Status

  • f Aichi Biodiversity Targets 11 & 12

Capacity-building workshop for Latin America and the

Caribbean on achieving Aichi Biodiversity Target 11 and 12 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

  • Dr. Sarat Babu Gidda

Convention on Biological Diversity

28 September 2015

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Explanation of the Elements for Aichi Targets 11

By 2020, at least 17 % of terrestrial and inland water areas, and 10 % of coastal and marine areas, … especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, … are conserved through … protected areas that are… … effectively and equitably managed, … ecologically representative, … well connected systems, integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes, … and other effective area-based conservation measures

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Status of Target 11s and 12

17 per cent of terrestrial and inland water are protected 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas are protected Areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services are protected Protected areas are ecologically representative Protected areas are effectively and equitably managed Protected areas are well connected and integrated into the wider landscape and seascape Extinction of known threatened species has been prevented The conservation status of those species most in decline has been improved and sustained

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Target 11- quantitative aspects

17% terrestrial and 10 % of coastal and marine areas ?

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15,37% 8,4% 10,9% 13,07% 2,20% 7,83%

0,00% 2,00% 4,00% 6,00% 8,00% 10,00% 12,00% 14,00% 16,00%

Percentage of global areas protected in 2004 (red) and 2014 (blue)

Land Areas within national jurisdiction (0-200 nautical miles) Territorial Seas (0-12 nautical miles)

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Percentage of Protected Areas in Latin America and the Caribbean

By 2020, (globally) at least 17 % of terrestrial and inland water areas, and 10 % of coastal and marine areas, are conserved through protected areas National targets should be accumulative to reach global target

1,3 0,2 2,7 13,9 16,1 24,4

0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 30,0 Caribbean Central America South America % Marine PA % Terrestrial PA

2014 data from WDPA

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Percentage of terrestrial protected areas in

Latin America and the Caribbean

5,4 6,8 13,3 0,1 36,7 24,8 28,4 18,3 23,1 27,4 12,4 21,6 22,9 25,8 8,4 2,2 31,8 8,7 0,3 21,6 15,9 12,9 37,1 20,6 6,5 31,4 3,3 16,8 22,4 14,7 32,5 2,7 53,9

0,0 10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 50,0 60,0 Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia* Brazil* Chile Colombia* Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador* El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana* Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru* Saint Kitts Saint Lucia Saint Vincent Suriname* Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Venezuela*

* Amazonian countries

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Percentage of marine protected areas in

Latin America and the Caribbean

0,0 0,6 0,1 0,0 0,0 0,2 4,5 8,4 0,0 0,0 0,0 7,8 7,3 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,1 0,0 0,2 0,1 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,1

0,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,0 8,0 9,0 Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Brazil* Chile Colombia* Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador* El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana* Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Peru* Saint Kitts Saint Lucia Saint Vincen Suriname* Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Venezuela*

* Amazonian countries

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Explanation of the Elements for Aichi Targets 11

By 2020, at least 17 % of terrestrial and inland water areas, and 10 % of coastal and marine areas, … especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, … are conserved through … protected areas that are… … effectively and equitably managed, … ecologically representative, … well connected systems, integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes, … and other effective area-based conservation measures

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Target 11

What are areas of particular importance for biodiversity? Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs)

  • Important Bird Areas
  • Important Plant Areas
  • Alliance for Zero Extinction sites
  • Areas rich in wild relatives of crops

Vulnerability and Irreplaceability

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Target 11

Ecosystem services of Protected Areas

  • Water security
  • Food and health security
  • subsistence, livelihoods
  • CC adaptation & mitigation
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48 88 85 26 28 31 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0-16.99% 17-49.99% >50%

The number of countries with different levels of protected area coverage for Alliance for Zero Extinction Sites (red) and Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (blue)

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Protection Status of Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) in Latin America and the Caribbean

By 2020, areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, are conserved

93 44 588 63 83 388 20 28 201

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Caribbean Central America South America Number of IBAs with complete protection Number of IBAs with partial protection Number of IBAs with no protection

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Protection Status of Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) in Latin America and the Caribbean

* Amazonian countries

10 170 37 7 16 80 67 59 2 6 2 3 50 6 5 6 7 3 5 25 40 72 2 1 10 7 15 12 2 79 5 6 20 93 23 51 19 14 1 11 36 14 1 11 3 11 15 18 9 18 1 3 5 4 6 6 49 16 14 61 31 6 8 1 7 21 4 2 14 10 8 26 1 2 1 1 15

50 100 150 200 250 300 Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia* Brazil* Chile Colombia* Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador* El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Haiti Jamaica Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru* Saint Kitts Saint Lucia Saint Vincent Suriname* Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Venezuela* Number of IBAs with complete protection Number of IBAs with partial protection Number of IBAs with no protection

* Amazonian countries

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Protection Status of Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) in danger in Latin America and the Caribbean

4 5 20 1 2 4 3 10

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Caribbean Central America South America Number of IBAs in danger with complete protection Number of IBAs in danger with partial protection Number of IBAs in danger with no protection

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Protection Status of Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) in danger in Latin America and the Caribbean

4 3 4 4 1 3 2 5 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Number of IBAs in danger with complete protection Number of IBAs in danger with partial protection Number of IBAs in danger with no protection

* Amazonian countries

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Protection Status of Alliance for Zero Extinction Sites (AZEs) in Latin America and the Caribbean

14 7 81 13 19 64 7 3 31

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Caribbean Central America South America Number of AZEs with complete protection Number of AZEs with partial protection Number of AZEs with no protection

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Protection Status of Alliance for Zero Extinction Sites (AZEs) in Latin America and the Caribbean

7 5 7 4 25 8 9 4 6 3 32 1 23 3 9 4 17 3 7 12 1 4 10 3 21 1 9 1 2 10 2 4 6 1 3 1 2 2 8 2 15 2 4 1 3

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Number of AZEs with complete protection Number of AZEs with partial protection Number of AZEs with no protection

* Amazonian countries

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Explanation of the Elements for Aichi Targets 11

By 2020, at least 17 % of terrestrial and inland water areas, and 10 % of coastal and marine areas, … especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, … are conserved through … protected areas that are… … effectively and equitably managed, … ecologically representative, … well connected systems, integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes, … and other effective area-based conservation measures

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Ecologically Representative

.

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Ecological Gap Assessment

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88 111 150 124 221 129

50 100 150 200 250 <2% 2-4.99% 5-9.99% 10-16.99% 17-39.99% >40%

Number of terrestrial ecoregions at different levels of protection (2014)

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80 40 34 78

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 <2% 2-4.99% 5-9.99% >10%

Number of marine ecoregions at different levels of protection (2014)

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Ecological Representativeness in Latin America and the Caribbean

Number of terrestrial ecological regions (ER) and level of protection in the country

20 10 51 4 5 19 20 43 150

50 100 150 200 250 Caribbean Central America South America Number of terrestrial ER with >10% protection Number of terrestrial ER with 5% to 10% protection Number of terrestrial ER with ≤ 5% protection

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Ecological Representativeness in Latin America and the Caribbean

Number of marine ecological regions (ER) and level of protection in the country

14 7 26 1 3 8 3 6 9

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Caribbean Central America South America Number of marine ER with >10% protection Number of marine ER with 5% to 10% protection Number of marine ER with ≤ 5% protection

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Ecological Representativeness in Latin America and the Caribbean

3 8 1 1 3 9 5 9 1 1 3 2 4 4 3 5 2 12 1 4 3 2 1 2 3 1 1 1 2 5 1 2 2 2 1 3 11 1 1 3 1 1 1 10 1 4 12 37 7 25 8 3 1 5 10 1 7 2 6 3 24 10 7 3 13 1 1 2 6 3 2 23

10 20 30 40 50 60 Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia* Brazil* Chile Colombia* Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador* El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana* Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru* Saint Kitts Saint Lucia Saint Vincent Suriname* Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Venezuela* Number of terrestrial ER with >10% protection Number of terrestrial ER with 5% to 10% protection Number of terrestrial ER with < 5% protection

* Amazonian countries

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Ecological Representativeness in Latin America and the Caribbean

1 4 1 1 5 6 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 3 1 1 4 1 1 1

2 4 6 8 10 12 Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Brazil* Chile Colombia* Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador* El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana* Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Peru* Saint Kitts Saint Lucia Saint Vincent Suriname* Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Venezuela* Number of marine ER with >10% protection Number of marine ER with 5% to 10% protection Number of marine ER with < 5% protection

* Amazonian countries

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Overlaps between candidate ecoregions and Alliance for Zero Extinction Sites (AZEs) – An example

Site Number Site Name Total area (ha) Ecoregion Number T/M Ecoregion Name % in country Overlap (ha) Overlap (%) 14425 Serranía de las Quinchas 86,655.0 60137 T Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 100.00 2,810.5 3.2 14444 Paramillo Natural National Park (Parque Nacional Natural Paramillo IBA) 521,241.8 60137 T Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 100.00 90,496.0 17.4 14451 Serranía de los Yariguíes 241,739.6 60137 T Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 100.00 40,411.3 16.7 14460 Ciénaga Grande, Isla de Salamanca and Sabana Grande RAMSAR biosphere reserve 251,655.9 60229 T Sin· Valley dry forests 100.00 67,061.8 26.6 26528 Páramo de Sonsón 62,993.8 60207 T Cauca Valley dry forests 100.00 3,300.2 5.2 26529 Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta National Natural Park and surrounding areas 509,766.0 60229 T Sin· Valley dry forests 100.00 67,829.4 13.3 26531 Río Saija 42,801.6 20170 M Panama Bight 34.01 16.7 0.0 29707 Cuenca Hidrográfica del Río San Francisco and surrounding area 4,761.5 60221 T Magdalena Valley dry forests 100.00 62.4 1.3 29708 Municipio de Pandi 2,915.0 60221 T Magdalena Valley dry forests 100.00 94.9 3.3 29711 Vereda el Llano 2,890.3 60221 T Magdalena Valley dry forests 100.00 370.7 12.8

  • If protection is extended to 3 AZEs which are not protected hitherto in Colombia, those actions also improve protection status of endemic
  • r nearly endemic (80-100% in the country) terrestrial ecoregions that have a worldwide protection of less than 10%.
  • If protection is extended to 6 AZEs which are partially protected in Colombia, those actions also improve protection status of endemic or

nearly endemic (80-100% in the country) terrestrial ecoregions that have a worldwide protection of less than 10%.

  • If protection is extended to 1 AZE which is partially protected in Colombia, this action also improves protection status of a marine

ecoregion that has a worldwide protection of less than 10% and a significant occurrence in Colombia (20-80% in the country).

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Overlaps between candidate ecoregions and Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) in Latin America and the Caribbean

227 21 13 117 21 21 29 7 14 3 3 8 31 21 7 30 34 24 56 3 8 4 1 13 3 20

50 100 150 200 250 Number of terrestrial overlaps Number of marine overlaps

* Amazonian countries

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Overlaps between candidate ecoregions and Alliance for Zero Extinction Sites (AZEs) in Latin America and the Caribbean

8 2 10 9 13 4 4 60 1 5 1 6 1 1 1 4 1 3

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Number of terrestrial overlaps Number of marine overlaps

* Amazonian countries

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Explanation of the Elements for Aichi Targets 11

By 2020, at least 17 % of terrestrial and inland water areas, and 10 % of coastal and marine areas, … especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, … are conserved through … protected areas that are… … effectively and equitably managed, … ecologically representative, … well connected systems, integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes, … and other effective area-based conservation measures

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Target 11

What is effectively managed ?

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Effective management

By 2020, areas are conserved through effective management…

  • Conservation needs equity: a fair sharing of the costs

and benefits of preserving biodiversity and managing natural resources in a sustainable way

  • Conservation needs respect to human rights: “do not

harm”…and have a positive impact on livelihoods wherever possible

  • So…what can we do to avoid further loss of habitats,

species and natural resources?

  • How can we ensure the very base of life, of livelihoods,

and development ?

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Equitable Management: IUCN matrix of protected areas categories and governance types

Governance type Category (mngmt.

  • bjective)
  • A. Governance by

Government

  • B. Shared Governance
  • C. Private

Governance

  • D. Indigenous Peoples &

Community Governance

Federal

  • r

national ministry

  • r

agency Local/ municipa l ministry

  • r agency

in change Governm ent- delegated managem ent (e.g. to an NGO) Trans- boundary managem ent Collabora tive managem ent (various forms of pluralist influence) Joint management (pluralist management board) Declared and run by individu al land-

  • wner

…by non- profit

  • rganisat

ions (e.g. NGOs, univ. etc.) …by for profit

  • rganisatio

ns (e.g. corporate land-owners )

Indigenous bio- cultural areas & Territories- declared and run by Indigenous Peoples Community Conserved Areas

  • declared and

run by traditional peoples and local communities

I - Strict Nature Reserve/ Wilderness Area II – National Park (ecosystem protection; protection of cultural values) III – Natural Monument IV – Habitat/ Species Management V – Protected Landscape/ Seascape VI – Managed Resource

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i.e. Indigenous and Community Conserved Areas, ICCA

WCPA

Equitable Management

ICCA

Community Management

Government Private Community Shared governance

By 2020, areas are conserved through equitably managed…

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Explanation of the Elements for Aichi Targets 11

By 2020, at least 17 % of terrestrial and inland water areas, and 10 % of coastal and marine areas, … especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, … are conserved through … protected areas that are… … effectively and equitably managed, … ecologically representative, … well connected systems, integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes, … and other effective area-based conservation measures

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Integration and Connectivity

By 2020, areas are conserved through well connected systems, integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes

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Explanation of the Elements for Aichi Targets 11

By 2020, at least 17 % of terrestrial and inland water areas, and 10 % of coastal and marine areas, … especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, … are conserved through … protected areas that are… … effectively and equitably managed, … ecologically representative, … well connected systems, integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes, … and other effective area-based conservation measures

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Target 11

What are other effective area-based conservation measures?

  • ICCAs including LMMAs
  • Private PAs
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Building on tradition, tenure and social capital

Ngella, Solomon Islands Siviri, Vanuatu

Photos: Hugh Govan

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Aichi Biodiversity Target 12

By 2020, …the extinction of known threatened species has been prevented and… …their conservation status, particularly of those most in decline, has been improved and sustained.

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Number of Threatened Species in Mesoamerica

Key:

  • CR: Critically Endangered Species
  • CRE: Critically Endangered Endemic Species

COUNTRY Amphibians Birds Mammals Plants Reptiles CR CRE CR CRE CR CRE CR CRE CR CRE

Belize 1 1 1 2 Costa Rica 23 9 8 7 2 1 El Salvador 3 1 1 Guatemala 31 14 1 1 5 2 4 3 Honduras 29 24 41 34 10 9 Nicaragua 1 2 3 1 Mexico 88 77 10 6 31 31 51 47 8 5 Panama 22 6 3 2 19 19 1

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COUNTRY Amphibians Birds Mammals Plants Reptiles CR CRE CR CRE CR CRE CR CRE CR CRE

Antigua & Barbuda 1 3 2 1 Bahamas 2 1 2 Cuba 16 16 5 2 5 5 30 30 4 3 Dominica 1 1 1 Dominican Republic 10 2 2 1 4 3 4 1 Grenada 1 1 1 Haiti 31 23 2 1 9 8 3 1

  • St. Kitts & Nevis

1 1 1 Saint Lucia 1 1 Saint Vincent & the Grenadines 2 2

Number of Threatened Species in the Caribbean

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COUNTRY Amphibians Birds Mammals Plants Reptiles CR CRE CR CRE CR CRE CR CRE CR CRE

Argentina 3 2 6 7 5 7 6 Bolivia 11 9 3 2 1 1 7 7 1 1 Brazil 12 12 24 17 11 10 78 70 3 2 Chile 10 6 6 2 4 3 21 21 Colombia 53 45 15 13 7 5 36 34 3 1 Ecuador 38 32 8 6 2 252 250 3 2 Guyana 2 1 Paraguay 4 3 1 Peru 28 24 10 6 5 3 21 17 Uruguay 1 3 4 1 Venezuela 19 18 3 2 2 1 3 3 2

Number of Threatened Species in the South America

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Group Work

Element of Aichi Target 11 and 12 Status Gaps Opportunities Quantitative aspects i.e. % of total protected areas for terrestrial and marine i.e. % to reach national target i.e. % gap between current status + implementation and national target Improving ecological representation i.e. % of ecoregions protected to national target i.e. % of ecoregions needing protection to reach national target i.e. tools and partnerships needed to develop ecological gaps assessment i.e. 20% of 5 endemic ecoregions will be protected i.e. partnership with X for national training

  • n ecological mapping

….

Summarize quantitative information collected from the questionnaire in one

  • r two points.

What is needed to complete conservation gap? Points made can be:

  • tangible/ quantitative
  • in-tangible/ qualitative

What specific elements are feasible? Points made can be:

  • tangible/ quantitative
  • in-tangible/ qualitative
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Sub-regional Groups

Caribbean

Mesoamerica

South America

  • Antigua and Barbuda
  • Bahamas
  • Belize
  • Cuba
  • Grenada
  • Haiti
  • St. Kitts and Nevis
  • St. Lucia
  • St. Vincent and the

Grenadines 9 countries Sarat, and John

  • Costa Rica
  • Dominican Republic
  • El Salvador
  • Guatemala
  • Honduras
  • Mexico

6 countries Marcelo, Thora and Cristina

  • Argentina
  • Bolivia
  • Brazil
  • Chile
  • Colombia
  • Ecuador
  • Guyana
  • Peru
  • Uruguay

9 countries Emerson, Mariana, and Tarsicio