Status of NBSAPs Revision & Integration of Aichi Targets 5, 11, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Status of NBSAPs Revision & Integration of Aichi Targets 5, 11, 14 & 15:

South-East Asia Regional Perspective

Jambi, 1 May 2014 Presented by: Iwan Kurniawan & Dr. Fachruddin Mangunjaya

Three of the 17 known mega-

diverse countries (Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines).

Less than 10% of the global

surface, but supports more than 70% of the planet’s biological

• diversity. provide essential life

support system.

Indonesia: 10% of flowering

plants, 12% of the world’s mammals, 16% of the world’s reptiles and amphibians, 17% of all birds, and more than a quarter

• f all marine and fresh- water

fish.

Biodiversity in South-East Asia

Potential Economic Value of Biodiversity & Ecosystem - Terrestrial

Pharmaceuticals ?? 1.3 bill m3 of water (NP); 146 bill m3 (Phillippines) 3.2 mega watt (water); 1.1 mega watt (geothermal) 250 ton Ce/ha US$ 8

Potential Economic Value of Biodiversity & Ecosystem – Coastal & Marine

US$538 of fish/ha/year in Philippines 35 tons of fish/year/0.25 km2 18.4% to GDP US$ 83.93/day from Ecotourism

Population 605 million 2 mill ha/year of forest loss (27 years) 26% of mangrove loss (25 years) 40% of coral reef loss/ degraded (14 years) 30 to 50% losses of sea grass habitats in Indonesia, the

Philippines, Singapore and Thailand

Out of 47,915 species assessed, 2,517 are threatened

Biodiversity Threats

Ecosystems and habitat change Climate change Invasive alien species Over-exploitation (as a result of

deforestation and land-use and water-use change, as well as wildlife hunting and trade for food)

Pollution Poverty

Key drivers of BD loss

Key result of the biodiversity planning

process.

By which countries can plan to address

the threats to their biodiversity.

Relevant to other biodiversity-related

conventions and agreements RAMSAR, CITES,CMS, World Heritage Convention, ITPGRFA.

Most of existing NBSAPs are between 8

and 10 years old

NBSAP

1.

Inadequate capacities (technical & financial).

2.

Lack of awareness of high-level decision makers.

3.

Weak institutional arrangement (overlapping mandate, synergy, unclear roles).

4.

M & E is not in place.

5.

Indicators & targets do not SMART.

Barriers of NBSAP Implementation

COP-10 decision required each country to review, update and

revise NBSAPs.

Use NBSAPs as effective instruments for the integration of

biodiversity targets into national development and poverty reduction policies and strategies.

Monitor and review the implementation of their NBSAPs and

report to COP through the fifth and sixth national reports.

New Generation of NBSAP

• 1. Create synergies through the formation of a multi-sectoral advisory

group;

• 2. Build awareness of the value of biodiversity (economic engine, major

element of climate resilience and adaptation);

• 3. Ensure the institutional framework required for IBSAP is implemented

and widely adopted throughout society.

2011 2012 2013 2014

CoP12

• 2015

MDGs SDGs GBO- 4

2016

CoP13

• 2017

2018

CoP14

2019 2020

CoP15 National Targets Set NBSAPs revised & adopted 5th National Reports

National Targets Achieved

6th National Reports NBSAPs implemented

Timeline of Achieving Aichi Targets

Understand values Mainstream biodiversity Address incentives Sustainable production Halve rate

• f loss

Sustainable fisheries Manage within limits Reduce pollution Reduce invasive spp. Minimize reef loss Protected areas Prevent extinctions Conserve gene pool Restore ecosystems Enhance resilience Implement Nagoya Prot. Revise NBSAPs Respect and conserve TK Improve knowledge Mobilize resources ABS Biodiversity mainstreaming Protection Restoration Enabling

Aichi Targets – clustering to form strategies

NBSAP Process Cycle

Developing a Strategy & Setting Targets Assessment/ Country study Implementation Getting Organized Monitoring & Evaluation Reporting Stakeholder Engagement & Strategic Communication Developing a Plan of Action

Stocktaking and Stakeholder Identification

Ecosystem Approach

(based on services and uses of main ecosystems) Question1: Who uses or impacts ecosystems? Question 2: Who benefits

• f the

ecosystems and who does not? Question 3: Who wishes to benefit of ecosystems but is unable? Question 4: Who will be affected by ecosystems change?

Stocktaking and Stakeholder Identification

Stakeholder 1 Stakeholder 2 Stakeholder 3 Local Level of Stakeholder National

INDONESIA

Country Experience

Roadmap NEW IBSAP 2015-2020

October-Desember 2013 (Contract, Stock taking, FGDs, Outline, meanstreaming, economic valuation, resource mobilization(K3) Januari-Maret 2014 (FGDs: Stock Taking (K3)National Target, Institutions, CEPA, CHM , Monitoring and Evaluation , Integration dan Compilation Draft1 (end of March) April-Sept 2014 FGDs: all Draft Documents: Status Kehati, VE, MS,RM, Reviews New IBSAP; National Report ,Compilation 1, Revision, and Final Draft, New IBSAP

Indonesia Biodiversity Plan

150 pages 289 pages 80pages

1) Biodiversity Action Plan for Indonesia (BAPI) –1993 2) Indonesia Biodiversity Strategicand Action Plan (IBSAP) 2003-2020 3) IBSAP Update/New IBSAP 2014-2020

Stocktaking: Status & Trend of BD

National Dev. Plan

Stocktaking & National Targets

• The state of Country Biodiversity
• Updated National target
• Multi stakeholders approach

Updated IBSAP

• The strategy for biodiversity

mainstreaming

• Resource mobilization strategy
• Economic Valuation of biodiversity

Institutional Framework

• Institutional Framework
• Communication strategy & outreach
• Monitoring & evaluation mechanism
• Clering House Mechanism (CHM)
• National report

Integration

LIPI (Indonesia Institute of Science) PPN/ BAPPENAS +consultans MoE +consultans

Process of NBSAP Revision

Gap Analysis

Mainstreaming BD - Strategy

RPJMD (Regional Mid- term) RPJMN (National Mid Term) Line Ministries/ Institutions

• Existing condition
• Challange
• Priority
• Strategy
• Evaluation
• Integrating current

issues (scientific, local, global, regulations)

• Community
• NGOs
• Private sector
• Universities

Regional Goverment Implementation Feedback

Lack of available data (economic

valuation of BD; impact of CC to BD).

Costing the action plan/targets & assess

financing gap.

Building political commitment (new

government).

Setting the targets: national, sub-

national, sectoral, cross-cutting

Challenging in NBSAP Revision

T T T T5 5 5 5, T , T , T , T11 11 11 11, T , T , T , T14 14 14 14, T , T , T , T15 15 15 15

Target Setting

Setting National Targets

A set of national goals and targets should have the following characteristics:

• Specific (more specific than global targets);
• Measurable (quantified);
• Ambitious – beyond BAU; not limited to

existing resources;

• Realistic (credibility for biodiversity

planning);

• Time bound;

A specific target will usually result from consideration of the five "W" questions:

What What do I want to

accomplish?

Why Specific reasons, purpose or

benefits of accomplishing the goal associated with the target.

Who

• Who is involved?

Where

• Identify a location.

Which

• Identify requirements and

constraints.

Specific

A measurable target will usually result from consideration of questions such as:

How much? How many? How will I know when it is

achieved?

Measurable

An achievable goal will usually result from analysis of the question:

How can the target be reached? Are

all the steps practically possible?

An ambitious target can be used to

focus attention on longer-term goals that may not be achievable with existing methods/resources

Achievable/Ambitious

A relevant (realistic) target can answer yes to these questions:

• Does this seem worthwhile?
• Is this the right time?
• Does this match our other

efforts/needs?

Relevant (Realistic):

A time-bound target will results from consideration of the question: By When?

• What can I do 6 months from now?
• What can I do 6 weeks from now?
• What can I do today?

Timebound:

Target 5: By 2020, the rate of loss of all natural habitats, including forests, is at least halved and where feasible brought close to zero, and degradation and fragmentation is significantly reduced.

• B. Reduce the direct pressures on

biodiversity and promote sustainable use

Target 5 Habitat loss halved or reduced relevant decisions on

forest biodiversity, marine and coastal biodiversity, inland water biodiversity, dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity, sustainable use

Key words: natural habitats, high BD value habitats, tipping points, halting loss, degradation/fragmentation reduced Examples of activities include: spatial planning; implementation of REDD

• B. Reduce the direct pressures on

biodiversity and promote sustainable use

Target 15: By 2020, ecosystem resilience and the

contribution of biodiversity to carbon stocks has been enhanced, through conservation and restoration, including restoration of at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation and to combating desertification. Relevant decisions on

climate change mitigation and biodiversity, Reversal of carbon emissions from degradation forest biodiversity, inland waters biodiversity

• D. Enhance the benefits to all from

biodiversity and ecosystem services

Target 15:Ecosystems restored and resilience enhanced Examples of activities are to:

Improve resilience through restoration implement mechanisms related to REDD;

• protect key wetlands;
• improve soil management;

up-scale landscape restoration efforts;

• incentive schemes in the context of the climate change;

additional schemes for other terrestrial, freshwater and coastal

ecosystems. Regional actions proposed:

Parties may, for instance by 2014, compile and review information on

the potential contribution of all ecosystems to carbon storage and sequestration

prepare a national strategy for the enhancement of the contribution of

biodiversity to ecosystem resilience and carbon storage, have in place,

and implement, a national plan for ecosystem restoration.

• D. Enhance the benefits to all from

biodiversity and ecosystem services

NBSAP FORUM http://nbsapforum.net

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Establishing ‘SMART’ Target

Group exercise

Each country select at least one Aichi Targets out of the four targets (5, 11,

14 and 15) and develop national target(s).

In preparing national targets, keep in mind that the targets can be: National, sectoral, and/or area-based: actors and stakeholders

responsible for implementing actions. National: By 2018, reduce the use of phytosanitary products by 50% (and as soon as this is technically possible). (France - 2018 Ecophtyo Plan). Sectoral/cross-sectoral: The Czech Republic’s State Environment Policy has an

• bjective of increasing the share of organic farming out of agricultural land

areas to at least 10% by 2010. Area based: By 2012, Korea will designate its Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.

Time: 10 minutes discussion & 5 minutes reporting back

Outcome-oriented or enabling: The targets can aim to influence the

status of a particular biodiversity component or a driver, or they can aim to establish enabling mechanisms for the protection and sustainable use

• f biodiversity.

Enabling: Costa Rica has an institutional framework for the supervision and evaluation of the national system of protected areas and is applying this tool in monitoring the effectiveness of management for 40% of the protected areas by 2010, and 75% of protected areas by 2012. Outcome oriented: By 2012, China’s forest coverage will be increased to 20%

• f the country’s total land area. (National 11th Five-Year Plan 2008-2012).

Preparing National Targets – cont’d

Quantitative or qualitative: Qualitative targets are useful as motivational

and inspirational tools, though quantitative targets are preferable in cases where effective indicators exist or there is a degree of confidence that they can be developed. Quantitative: By 2012, forest and tree cover will be increased to 33% (from 23.39% presently). (India Qualitative: To reduce and stop the rate of biodiversity degradation and extinction at national, regional and local levels within 2003-2020, along with rehabilitation and sustainable use efforts. (Biodiversity Management Action Plan). Indonesia

Long, medium or short term.

Medium-Long: To increase the country’s afforestation to 30% in 2020 and to 33% in 2050. (Poland- National Forest Policy)

Preparing National Targets – cont’d

Aichi Target#:

Baseline Monitoring Indicator Target Key Actor(s)