NONSTRUCTURAL*PROVISIONS*FOR** MULTI0STORY*WOOD0FRAMED*BUILDINGS* - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

NONSTRUCTURAL*PROVISIONS*FOR** MULTI0STORY*WOOD0FRAMED*BUILDINGS*

2012*INTERNATIONAL*BUILDING**CODE*(IBC)* August*13,*2014* * Presented*by** James*E.*Churchill,*P.E.*(CA*&*HI)* Churchill*Engineering,*Inc.*

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“The!Wood!Products!Council”! is!a!Registered!Provider!with! The!American!Ins@tute!of! Architects!Con@nuing! Educa@on!Systems!(AIA/CES),! Provider!#G516.! ! Credit(s)!earned!on! comple@on!of!this!course!will! be!reported!to!AIA#CES#for!AIA! members.!Cer@ficates!of! Comple@on!for!both!AIA! members!and!nonNAIA! members!are!available!upon! request.! !

This!course!is!registered!with!AIA# CES#for!con@nuing!professional! educa@on.!As!such,!it!does!not! include!content!that!may!be! deemed!or!construed!to!be!an! approval!or!endorsement!by!the! AIA!of!any!material!of!construc@on!

• r!any!method!or!manner!of!

handling,!using,!distribu@ng,!or! dealing!in!any!material!or!product.! _________________________ Ques@ons!related!to!specific! materials,!methods,!and!services! will!be!addressed!at!the!conclusion!

• f!this!presenta@on.!

!

!

Course!Descrip@on!

This! presenta@on! highlights! guidelines! for! naviga@ng! the! maze! of! nonN structural!provisions!in!the!current!building!code!governing!mul@Nstory!wood! frame!buildings.! !! Topics!will!include!the!appropriate!path!for!a!code!study,!whether!it’s!a!mul@N residen@al,! commercial! or! mixedNuse! allNwood! building,! a! Type! I! podium! building! u@lizing! the! ! special! provisions! of! Sec@on! 510.2! or! a! five/sixNstory! residen@al!building!of!Type!IIIA!construc@on.!!! ! A!code!consultant!with!experience!in!achieving!successful!“alternate”!designs,! Churchill! will! provide! realNworld! examples! as! well! as! informa@on! on! how! aspects!of!building!height,!exterior!wall!construc@on,!opening!protec@on,!fire! walls,!fire!protec@on!systems,!and!means!of!egress!are!affected.!!Applicable!ICC! code!interpreta@ons!will!also!be!presented.!

Learning*ObjecTves*

At!the!end!of!this!program,!par@cipants!will!be!able! to:!

!

• 1. Understand!the!nonNstructural!provisions!of!the!code!

governing!mul@Nstory!wood!frame!buildings!and!be!able!to! more!easily!navigate!through!the!code.!

• 2. Understand!the!code!requirements!rela@ve!to!mezzanines!and!

be!able!to!op@mize!building!area!and!height!using!mezzanines.!

• 3. Understand!the!process!for!u@lizing!alternate!designs!on!

various!projects.!

• 4. Understand!how!aspects!of!building!height,!exterior!wall!

construc@on,!opening!protec@on,!fire!walls,!fire!protec@ons! systems,!and!means!of!egress!affect!building!design.!

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Presenta@on!Overview!

• 1. General!Building!Heights!And!Areas!
• 2. Mixed!Use!And!Occupancy!
• 3. Special!Provisions!(Podium!Buildings)!
• 4. Type!Of!Construc@on!(Type!III,!IV!&!V)!
• 5. Protec@on!Of!Structural!Members!
• 6. Exterior!Walls!And!Openings!
• 7. Fire!Walls!
• 8. Means!Of!Egress!
• 9. Alternate!Design!Examples!

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Sec@on!510.2!

Special!Provisions!(Podium!Buildings)!

– Building!below!is!permiged!to!be!any!of!the!following:!

• Group!SN2!used!for!parking!and!storage!of!private!motor!vehicles!
• Mul@ple!Group!A,!each!with!occupant!load!of!<300!
• Group!B!or!M!
• Group!R!!!

– Maximum!height!based!on!building!above!

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Horizontal!building!separa@on!allowance! – Basement!and/or!first!storyNType!IA! – 3Nhour!horizontal!assembly! – Building!above!limited!to:!

• Group!A;!each!with!an!occupant!load!
• f!<300!
• Group!B,!M,!R,!or!S!uses!

!

!

Sec@on!503!N!General!Height!and!Area! Limita@ons!!

Table!503! !

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Table!503!

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Sec@on!504.2!

Height!(Number!of!Stories)!

! Automa@c!Sprinkler!Increase!(NFPA!13)!

Height!and!area!increases!permiged!together!for!all!

• ccupancies.!!

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ExcepTons:!

• 1. Group!IN2!occupancy!of!Type!IIB,!III,!IV!or!V!

construc@on.!

• 2. Group!HN1,!HN2,!HN3!or!HN5!occupancy.!
• 3. Fire(resistance!ra.ng!subs@tu@on:!Table!601,!Note!d.!

Sec@on!505!

Mezzanines!

! Por@on!of!the!story!! ! Does!not!contribute!to!building!area!or!

number!of!stories.!

! OneNthird!of!the!floor!area!of!that!room!or!

space!in!which!they!are!located.! !!

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!Excep@on:!

!Permiged!to!be!oneNhalf!of!the!floor! area!of!the!room!for!Type!I!or!II! construc@on!in!buildings!equipped! throughout!with!an!NFPA!13!automa@c! sprinkler!system!and!emergency!voice/ alarm!communica@on!system.!

!!

Sec@on!506!

Building!Area!Modifica@ons!!

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Sec@on!506!

506.2!Frontage!Increase!

! Width!limits!W/30!=!1.0! ! Maximum!increase!is!.75!of!Table!503!area! ! Open!space!on!same!lot!or!dedicated!for!public!use!

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Frontage!Increase!with!Fire!Wall!!

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Frontage!Increase!Example!

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Sec@on!506.2!

Frontage!Increase!Example!

BLDG!B! ! P!=!674!LF!(Including!Fire!Wall)! ! F!=!325!LF!(BLDG!Perimeter!fron@ng!on!Public!Way)! ! W!=!30’! ! If!!=!(F/PN0.25)!W/30! ! If!=!(325/674N.25)!30/30! ! If!=!.23!

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Sec@on!506.3!

Automa@c!Sprinkler!System!Area!Increase!

! Requires!NFPA!13! ! 200!percent!increase!for!mul@story!buildings! ! 300!percent!increase!for!single!story!buildings! ! Height!and!area!increases!permiged!together!for!all!

• ccupancies!

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Sec@on!506.4!

Building!Area!Determina@on!

– For!two!stories!mul@ply!Aa!by!2! – For!three!or!more!stories!mul@ply!Aa!by!3!

!

Example!1:!!

• !FourNstory!Group!RN2!occupancy!of!Type!VA!construc@on!
• !NFPA!13!sprinkler!system!
• !Assume!50%!area!increase!due!to!frontage!

! !Allowable!building!area!per!story!: !! ! !! Aa!=!12,000!SF!+!(.5!X!12,000!SF)!+!(2!X!12,000!SF)!=!42,000!SF! ! !! !Allowable!building!area!for!building: !! ! !! AT!=!Aa!X!3!=!42,000!SF!X!3!=!126,000!SF!

!

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Sec@on!506.4!

Building!Area!Determina@on!

Example!2:!!

• !FiveNstory!Group!RN2!occupancy!of!Type!IIIA!construc@on!
• !NFPA!13!sprinkler!system!
• !No!area!increase!due!to!frontage!

! !Allowable!building!area!per!story!:

!! ! !! Aa!=!24,000!SF!+!(2!X!24,000!SF)!=!72,000!SF! ! !! !Allowable!building!area!for!building: !! ! !! AT!=!Aa!X!3!=!72,000!SF!X!3!=!216,000!SF!

!

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Sec@on!508!

Mixed!Use!and!Occupancy!

" Accessory!occupancies!(Sec@on!508.2)! " Nonseparated!occupancies!(Sec@on!508.3)! " Separated!occupancies!(Sec@on!508.4)!

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Where!a!building!contains!more!than!one!occupancy! group,!the!building!or!por@on!thereof!shall!comply! with!Sec@ons!508.2!(Accessory!occupancies),!508.3! (Nonseparated!occupancies),!508.4!(Separated!

• ccupancies)!or#a#combina/on#of#these#sec/ons.!

Sec@on!508!

Mixed!Use!and!Occupancy!

! Accessory!occupancies!(Sec@on!508.2)!

• Subsidiary!to!main!occupancy!or!por@on!thereof!
• Shall!not!occupy!more!than!10%!of!story!
• Shall!not!exceed!Table!503!without!height!and!area!

increases!

• Allowable!area!and!height!based!on!main!occupancy!
• No#separa/on#required###

!

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Sec@on!508!

Accessory!Uses!

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508.3.1.(2)!

Sec@on!508!

Mixed!Use!and!Occupancy!

Nonseparated!occupancies!(Sec@on!508.3)!

" Individually!classified!! " Code!requirements!apply!to!each!por@on!based!on!occupancy! " Most!restric@ve!provisions!of!Chapter!9! " Allowable!area!&!height!based!on!most!restric@ve!occupancy! " No#separa/on#is#required#between#occupancies###

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Sec@on!508.3!

Nonseparated!Occupancies!Example!

!

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B* B,*S01* A03*

! Sec@on!508.4!

Separated!Occupancies!

! ! !

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Horizontal!building!separa@on!allowance! – Basement!and/or!first!story!!,!Type!IA! – 3Nhour!horizontal!assembly! – Building!above!limited!to!:!

• Group!A;!each!with!an!occupant!

load!of!<300!

• Group!B,!M,!R,!or!S!uses!

! !

Sec@on!510.2!

Special!Provisions!(Podium!Buildings)!

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– Building!below!is!permiged!to!be!any!of!the!following:!

• Group!SN2!used!for!parking!and!storage!of!private!motor!vehicles!
• Mul@ple!Group!A,!each!with!occupant!load!of!<300!
• Group!B!or!M!
• Group!R!!!

– Maximum!height!based!on!building!above! !

• v!

Sec@on!509.2!N!Special!Provisions!

2009!IBC!Commentary!

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Chapter!6!

Types!of!Construc@on!!

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Type!III!and!IV!Construc@on!

!

Typically!exterior!walls!are!of!noncombus@ble! construc@on.!

!

However,!fireNretardantNtreated!wood!framing!is! permiged!within!exterior!wall!assemblies!with!a! 2Nhour!ra@ng!or!less!(Sec@ons!602.3.and!602.4).!

Chapter!6!

Types!of!Construc@on!!

Chapter!6!

Exterior!Wall!FireNResistance!Ra@ng! Requirements!

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!

Sec@on!704!!!

FireNresistance!Ra@ng!of!Structural!Members! !

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! Column!Protec@on!

– Individual!encasement!protec@on! – Membrane!protec@on!not!permiged!

! Primary!Structural!Frame!(not!columns)!

– Membrane!protec@on!permiged!when!suppor@ng! up!to!two!floors!or!one!floor!and!roof! – Individual!encasement!required!if!member! supports!more!than!two!floors!or!one!floor!and! roof!

!

Sec@on!705.8!N!Exterior!Wall!Openings!

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WSBC!Sec@on!705.8!

Exterior!Wall!Openings!

!

In!determining!the! maximum!area!of!

• penings!permiged!in!the!

east!facing!exterior!wall!of! the!first!story,!should!the! fire!separa@on!distance!be! measured!from!the! imaginary!line!to!grid!line! A!or!to!grid!line!B?!!

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Sec@on!706!

Fire!Walls! !

Each!por@on!of!building!separated!by!fire!walls!considered!as!a!separate! building!! ! All!provisions!of!the!code?! " Area,!height!and!type!of!construc@on! " What!about!means!of!egress!and!other!provisions!of!the!code?!

* * • 705.1.1!

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2009!IBC!Q!&!A!Non!Structural!Provisions! (see!pages!82!&!83).! ! “The!intent!of!Chapter!7!is!to!provide!construc.on!requirements! for!building!elements!when!those!elements!are!required! elsewhere!in!the!code.!A!design!needs!to!take!into!account!the! presence!of!a!fire!wall!and!evaluate!compliance!for!all!aspects!of! the!code!for!each!dis.nct!building!in!the!structure.!However,!the! total!structure!should!also!be!evaluated!for!these!systems,!and,! where!it!provides!an!equivalent!level!of!safety!and!protec.on,! the!local!building!official!can!approve!the!provision!of!systems! for!the!total!structure!and!not!for!each!building!independently.”!

Sec@on!706!

Fire!Walls! !

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Fire!walls!shall!have!sufficient!structural!stability! under!fire!condi@ons!to!allow!collapse!of! construc@on!on!either!side!without!collapse!of! the!wall!for!the!dura@on!of!@me!indicated!by! the!required!fireNresistance!ra@ng.!

Sec@on!706!

Fire!Walls! !

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Sec@on!706!

Fire!Walls! !

Sec@on!1005!

!Egress!Width!

! The!total!width!of!means!of!egress!in!inches!shall!not!be!less!than!

the!total!occupant!load!served!by!the!means!of!egress!mul@plied!by! 0.3!inches!per!occupant!for!stairways!and!by!0.2!inches!!per!

• ccupant!for!other!egress!components.!!

! The!width!shall!not!be!less!than!specified!elsewhere!in!the!building!

code.!

! Mul@ple!means!of!egress!shall!be!sized!such!that!the!loss!of!any!

• ne!means!of!egress!shall!not!reduce!the!available!capacity!to!less!

than!50!percent!of!the!required!capacity.!

! The!maximum!capacity!required!from!any!story!of!a!building!shall!

be!maintained!to!the!termina@on!of!the!means!of!egress!.!

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Alternate!Design!

!

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The!2012!IBC!allows!the!building!official!the! authority!to!approve!alternate!building! methods,!"provided!the!building!official!finds! that!the!proposed!design!is!sa.sfactory!and! complies!with!the!provisions!of!this!code!and! that!the!material,!method!or!work!offered!is,! for!the!purpose!intended,!at!least!the! equivalent!of!that!prescribed!in!this!code!in! quality,!strength,!effec.veness,!fire!resistance,! durability!and!safety.”!

!!

Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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MixedNUse!Podium!Building!

Project!includes!five!stories!of!residen@al! apartments!(Type!IIIA!Construc@on)!located!

• ver!a!ground!floor!(Type!IA!Construc@on)!

containing!a!common!area,!lobby,!office,! laundry!room!and!computer!area!serving!the! residen@al!units!above,!a!church!sanctuary,! mul@Npurpose!room!and!parking!area;!and!two! levels!of!subterranean!parking.!

Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

Alternate!DesignN! Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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! Use!of!standard!wood!framing!within!exterior!walls!versus! fireNretardantNtreated!wood.!! ! U@lize!the!special!provisions!of!Sec@on!509.2!with!a!Group!A! use!having!an!occupant!load!of!300!or!more!located!within! the!Type!IA!por@on!of!the!building.!! ! Allow!3Nhour!fire!walls!located!between!Building!A!and! Building!B!and!between!Building!A!and!Building!C!to!extend! from!the!first!floor!level!to!the!roof!level!where!the!building! code!would!require!these!fire!walls!to!extend!from!the! founda@on!level.!! ! Allow!a!ver@cal!offNset!within!the!3Nhour!horizontal!assembly! at!the!second!floor!level.!

Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Following!design!elements!will!be!provided:!

" !Enhanced!automa@c!sprinkler!system!within!residen@al!buildings.! " !Provide!an!addi@onal!layer!of!Type!“X”!gypsum!board!on!each!side!of!the!

corridor!and!unit!separa@on!walls.!

" Provide!an!increase!in!the!fireNresistanceNrated!assemblies!between!the!

church!sanctuary!and!mezzanine!level!and!the!remaining!por@ons!of!the! project!to!4Nhours.!!

" Increase!the!horizontal!assembly!between!the!Type!IA!building!and!the!

Type!IIIA!buildings!above!from!3Nhours!to!4Nhours.!!

" Provide!a!minimum!of!three!exits!from!the!church!sanctuary!where!only!

two!exits!are!required!by!code.!

Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#1!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#2!

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MixedNUse!Two!Story!Building!

! Tenant!improvements!within!the!first!floor!of!an!

exis@ng!twoNstory!building!for!a!new!restaurant.!!

! The!proposed!restaurant!use!is!considered!as!a!

change!of!occupancy!from!the!occupancy! classifica@on!designated!on!the!original!approved! plans!which!were!designed!in!accordance!with!the! 1997!UBC.!!

! Addi@onally,!the!exis@ng!type!of!construc@on!for!

the!building!must!be!changed!to!accommodate!the! new!use.!

Alternate!Design!

Example!#2!

Alternate!Design!

EXAMPLE!#2!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#2!

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" Building!A!approved!as!a!shell!structure!under!

the!1997!UBC!

" Building!A!is!connected!to!an!adjacent!twoNstory!

building!(Building!B)!to!the!east!via!an!open! breezeway!structure!

" Both!buildings,!including!the!breezeway!

structure,!were!considered!as!a!single!building!of! Type!V!1Nhour,!with!automa@c!sprinklers!used!as! a!subs@tute!for!1Nhour!construc@on!

" Protected!by!NFPA!13,!including!breezeway!

Alternate!Design!

Example!#2!

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Alternate!Design! Example!#2!

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" AN2!Fire!area!>!5,000!sq.!t.!and!occupant!load!>!

100!occupants!,!therefore,!IBC!precludes!the!use!

• f!an!approved!automa@c!sprinkler!system!in!lieu!
• f!1Nhour!fireNresistanceNrated!construc@on!

" Buildings!A!and!B!reclassified!as!Type!VB!

structures!and!the!exis@ng!breezeway!structure! considered!as!a!pedestrian!walkway!

" Buildings!A!and!B!considered!as!separate!

structures!

Alternate!Design!

Example!#2!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#2!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#2!

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Alternate!Design!

Example!#2!

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Alternate!Design!Approach!!

! Change!Type!of!Construc@on!to!VB!and!consider!

Buildings!A!&!B!as!separate!buildings.!

! Allow!pedestrian!walkway!to!exceed!the!

maximum!width!permiged!by!the!building!code.!!

! The!proposed!alternate!design!u@lizes!an!

automa@c!sprinkler!system!within!the!pedestrian! walkway!in!lieu!of!restric@ng!the!total!width!to!30! feet.!

Alternate!Design!

Example!#2!

2015!IBC!

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2015!IBC!

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2015!IBC!

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2015!IBC!

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2015!IBC!

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This!concludes!The!American!Ins@tute!of!Architects!Con@nuing! Educa@on!Systems!Course!

James*E.*Churchill,*P.E.* President* Churchill*Engineering,*Inc.* 3593!5th!Avenue,!Suite!C! San!Diego!CA!92103! 619N546N6429!Telephone! jchurchill@churchilleng.com! www.churchilleng.com* This#presenta/on#was#developed#by#a#third#party#and#is#not#funded# by#WoodWorks#or#the#soAwood#lumber#checkBoff.*

Ques@ons?!

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