Next-generation performance of SAPHIRA HgCdTe APDs Dani E. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Next-generation performance of SAPHIRA HgCdTe APDs Dani E. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nov 30, 2022 583 likes •732 views

Next-generation performance of SAPHIRA HgCdTe APDs Dani E. Atkinson, Donald N.B. Hall, Ian M. Baker, Sean B. Goebel, Shane M. Jacobson, Charles Lockhart, Eric A. Warmbier High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors VII SPIE Astronomical

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SLIDE 1

Next-generation performance of SAPHIRA HgCdTe APDs

Dani E. Atkinson, Donald N.B. Hall, Ian M. Baker, Sean B. Goebel, Shane M. Jacobson, Charles Lockhart, Eric A. Warmbier

High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors VII SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 27 Jun 2016 Edinburgh, Scotland

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SLIDE 2

SAPHIRA: Specs

  • 320x256 with 24μm pitch (larger formats planned)
  • Cutoff λc = 2.5μm, sensitivity down to 0.8μm.
  • Fast readout, 20+ MHz max pixel rate, all 32 outputs

brought to bear on any subarray.

  • ROIC allows relatively simple clocking.

Atkinson – SAPHIRA Performance

  • With glow reduction, low dark current < 0.1 e-/s.
  • High-temperature anneal eliminates gradient of

tunneling current across detector at high bias.

  • Avalanche gains to > 500.
  • Photon counting pulse width distributions have

been measured.

New Performance Measurements

SPIE 2016

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SLIDE 3

Glow: Unexpected Point Source

Atkinson – SAPHIRA Performance

SPIE 2016

  • Original dark measurements completely glow-limited.

KSPEC Cryostat

?

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SLIDE 4

Glow: Imaged w/ H4RG-15

  • J-band @ 85K, VDD @ 5.5V
  • Output amplifiers visible along sides.
  • LLC glow source brightest and closer to detector!

Atkinson – SAPHIRA Performance

SPIE 2016

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SLIDE 5

Dark: Now with Anti-Glow Tape!

black tape covering glow source in cylindrical cavity

  • utput amplifier glow
  • utput amplifier glow

mask aperture: reflected glow in cryostat

Atkinson – SAPHIRA Performance

SPIE 2016

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SLIDE 6

Dark: New Limits

Atkinson – SAPHIRA Performance

  • ‘Free’ avalanche gain up to onset of tunneling.
  • Low-bias dark likely still glow-limited.

SPIE 2016

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SLIDE 7

Cosmetics: High Temperature Anneal

Atkinson – SAPHIRA Performance

8 min anneal 4 min anneal no anneal no anneal Mark 10 Mark 12 Mark 13 Mark 14 Bias = 13.5V

SPIE 2016

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SLIDE 8

Atkinson – SAPHIRA Performance

PB-32: New Controller

  • Bias voltage up to SAPHIRA’s present 20V max.
  • Two gain modes, low and high.
  • At high gain, measured read noise is 55μV

.

  • Pixel rate up to 2MHz.
  • Allows us to operate the ME1000’s read-reset-read mode.

SPIE 2016

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SLIDE 9

Photon Counting: Pulse Heights ADU n LED off LED on

Atkinson – SAPHIRA Performance

SPIE 2016

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SLIDE 10

SPIE 2016

Atkinson – SAPHIRA Performance

Photon Counting: Pulse Heights

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SLIDE 11

Atkinson – SAPHIRA Performance

SAPHIRA Deployments

Subaru/SCExAO

SAPHIRA as a speckle nulling imager and pyramid wavefront sensor for high-contrast imaging.

Evolutionary timescales of AO-produced speckles at NIR wavelengths [9909-46] Sean B. Goebel W 16:30 @ Sidlaw

Kitt Peak/Robo-AO

SAPHIRA as a tip-tilt guider and simultaneous NIR imager for automated surveying.

Robo-AO Kitt Peak [9909-48] Maïssa Salama Th 11:00 @ Sidlaw

SPIE 2016

VLT/Gravity

Development of the near-infrared eAPD array SAPHIRA achieving sub-electron read noise at millisecond full-frame readout[9909-40] Gert Finger (ESO) W 13:50 @ Sidlaw

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SLIDE 12

Atkinson – SAPHIRA Performance

Performance Summary!

SPIE 2016

  • Old ‘dark’ measurements were entirely glow-
  • limited. With glow suppression, we are down to

~0.03e-/s.

  • The new mark 13/14 detectors receive a high-

temperature anneal that greatly improves cosmetic behavior at high bias.

  • Avalanche gains can now reach over 500!
  • Photon counting is contingent on how we

discriminate photons from read noise, and is still being investigated.

  • Performance in both low-background and high-

background cases are being prepared for publication within the next year.

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SLIDE 13

Atkinson – SAPHIRA Performance

SPIE 2016

SAPHIRA @ SPIE

Evolutionary timescales of AO-produced speckles at NIR wavelengths [9909-46] Sean B. Goebel W 16:30 @ Sidlaw Robo-AO Kitt Peak [9909-48] Maïssa Salama Th 11:00 @ Sidlaw Development of the near-infrared eAPD array SAPHIRA achieving sub-electron read noise at millisecond full-frame readout[9909-40] Gert Finger (ESO) W 13:50 @ Sidlaw I am supported by a NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship, #NNX 13AL75H. Development of the SAPHIRA detectors and characterization thereof at UH is sponsored by NSF ATI award AST 1106391 and NASA ROSES APRA award #NNX 13AC13G.

Acknowledgements

First Light C-RED Camera [9907-86] Philippe Feautrier W Poster @ Cromdale