New NAMEA-based normalisation reference for Europe year 2000 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

New NAMEA-based normalisation reference for Europe year 2000 Presentation for LCM2007 - the 3rd International Conference on Life Cycle Management, Zürich, 2007.08-27-29 Marianne Wesnæs & Bo Weidema 2.-0 LCA consultants

Construction of the new normalisation reference Data basis: – Input-Output tables at 60 industry level from 20 EU countries – Emission statistics for 50-70 % of total economic output (most for CO 2 , least for e.g. CO, PM, Pb) Extrapolation of emission coefficients (e.g. CO 2 /EUR) to countries not covered

EUROSTAT Input-output tables Covered Not covered Austria Italy Czech Republic Belgium Ireland Latvia Germany Malta * Lithuania Denmark Netherlands Luxembourg Estonia Poland Bulgaria Spain * Portugal Romania France Sweden Cyprus Finland Slovenia More than 98% of Greece Slovakia * total economic Hungary United Kingdom * output for EU-27 is * Supply-Use tables covered

Data for emissions from National Statistics Air emissions Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Methane, Ammonia, Dinitrogen monoxide, Nitrogenoxides, Sulfur dioxide, NMVOC, Particulates, Lead Water emissions Nitrogen, Phosphorus Coverage: From 8 National Statistics: DE, DK, ES, HU, IT, NL, SE, GB

Additional Data Air emissions from UK National Statistics Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium, Vanadium, Zinc Soil emissions from EIPRO Antimony, Arsenic, Atrazine, Barium, Cadmium, Carbaryl, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Lead, Mercury, Nickel, Phosphorus, Selenium, Zinc Import Import included by the use of the US NAMEA database (CEDA 3.0 by Suh, 2003)

New reference compared to RIZA/CML 1995 New Reference RIZA/CML Year: 2000 1995 Area: EU-27 Western Europe Perspective: Emissions from Emissions from final consumption production

Results compared to RIZA/CML (from EIPRO) Environmental Unit New Reference RIZA/CML Ratio exchange EU-27 EU-25 New ref/ Consumption Production RIZA-CML year 2000 year 1995 Air emissions Ammonia kg 4.36E+09 3.68E+09 1.18 Arsenic kg 2.46E+05 2.00E+05 1.23 Carbon dioxide kg 3.56E+12 3.52E+12 1.01 Carbon monoxide kg 3.23E+10 4.45E+10 0.73 Dinitrogen monoxide kg 1.36E+09 1.35E+09 1.01 Lead kg 2.39E+06 1.30E+07 0.18 Methane kg 3.02E+10 2.11E+10 1.43 2000/1995 Nitrogen dioxide kg 1.16E+10 1.47E+10 0.79 difference NMVOC kg 6.19E+09 3.22E+10 0.19 Particulates, < 10 um kg 3.46E+09 1.40E+09 2.47 Sulfur dioxide kg 7.31E+09 2.49E+10 0.29

Results compared to RIZA/CML (from EIPRO) Environmental Unit New Reference RIZA/CML Ratio exchange EU-27 EU-25 New ref/ Consumption Production RIZA-CML year 2000 year 1995 Energy carriers: Coal, hard, in ground kg 5.69E+11 6.26E+10 9.1 Gas, natural, in ground m3 1.51E+12 3.03E+11 4.98 Oil, crude, in ground kg 1.58E+12 3.36E+11 4.69 Water emissions: Phosphorus kg 3.56E+08 2.37E+09 0.15 Soil emissions: Arsenic kg 2.98E+03 2.63E+04 0.11 Copper kg 1.34E+07 2.16E+08 0.06 Difference in perspective

Unit New RIZA/CML Ratio New/ Midpoint results Reference RIZA/CML Acidification m2 UES 3.81E+11 1.06E+12 0.36 Ecotoxicity, aquatic kg-eq. TEG w. 3.08E+14 6.55E+14 0.47 Ecotoxicity, terrestrial kg-eq. TEG soil 9.27E+12 1.14E+12 8.16 Eutrophication, aquatic kg NO3-eq. 2.73E+10 2.10E+10 1.3 Eutrophication, terrestrial m2 UES 9.94E+11 1.01E+12 0.98 Global warming kg CO2-eq. 4.72E+12 5.13E+12 0.92 Difference in Human tox, carcinogens kg C2H3Cl-eq. 1.73E+10 2.19E+10 0.79 perspective Human toxicity, non-carc. kg C2H3Cl-eq. 1.70E+10 8.36E+10 0.2 Mineral extraction MJ extra 9.12E+10 1.41E+11 0.65 Nature occupation m2 arable land 2.73E+12 1.41E+12 1.94 Non-renewable energy MJ primary 1.40E+14 7.33E+13 1.91 Ozone layer depletion kg CFC-11-eq. 3.00E+06 9.83E+07 0.03 2000/1995 difference Photochemical ozone, veg. m2*ppm*hours 5.37E+13 6.76E+13 0.79 Respiratory inorganics kg PM2.5-eq. 4.80E+09 4.23E+09 1.14 Respiratory organics person*ppm*hours 5.63E+09 4.83E+09 1.17

Advantages of the new normalisation reference • Consumption perspective: Corresponds to LCA perspective (= LCA result for the sum of all products consumed in EU-27) • More frequent updating: In principle annuallly, since IO-data and most of the emissions statistics are available at annual intervals.

Uncertainties • Extrapolation of emissions from 50-70% to 100% – validated against EU-27 totals from (e.g. UNFCCC for CO 2 ) • Lacking emissons data – surprisingly small difference to RIZA/CML also for toxicity => mainly a problem if you have a speciality product with good data for toxic substances that are not in the normalisation reference

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