New high power laser facility ELI Beamlines Radiation safety - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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New high power laser facility ELI Beamlines Radiation safety - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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New high power laser facility ELI Beamlines Radiation safety aspects V. Olovcov 1 , S. Bechet 1 , A. Fass 1& , G. Grittani 1 , L. Morejon 1 , P. Prochzka 1* , N. Shetty 1 , J. Trdlika 1 , R . Truneek 1 , R. Versaci 1 , and S.

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New high power laser facility ELI Beamlines Radiation safety aspects

  • V. Olšovcová1, S. Bechet1, A. Fassò1&,
  • G. Grittani1, L. Morejon1, P. Procházka1*,
  • N. Shetty1, J. Trdlička1, R. Truneček1,
  • R. Versaci1, and S. Rollet2

1ELI Beamlines, Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic 2Austrian Institute of Technology, Austria &Current address: retired, Geneve, Switzerland

*Current address: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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Outline

20.4.2017 2

  • Introduction to ELI project
  • ELI Beamlines
  • Mission and description
  • Radiation protection
  • Safety system
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ELI pillars

20.4.2017 3

Europe

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Extreme Light Infrastructure

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ELI BL project mission

20.4.2017 5

High repetition rate and high average power lasers using diode pumping Ultra high peak power of 10 PW, focused intensities up to 1024 W/cm2

  • 1. Generation of rep-rated femtosecond secondary sources of radiation and particles

– XUV and X-ray sources (monochromatic and broadband) – Accelerated electrons (2 GeV 10 Hz rep-rate, 100 GeV low rep-rate), protons (200-400 MeV 10 Hz rep-rate, >3 GeV low-rep-rate) – Gamma-ray sources (broadband)

  • 2. Programmatic applications of rep-rated femtosecond secondary sources

– Medical research including proton therapy – Molecular, biomedical and material sciences – Physics of dense plasmas, laser fusion, laboratory astrophysics

  • 3. High-field physics experiments with focused intensities 1023-1024 W.cm-2

– “Exotic” physics, non-linear QED: sophisticated pump-probe capabilities

  • 4. Development & testing new technologies for multi-PW laser systems
  • Generation and compression of 10-PW ultrashort pulses, coherent superposition, etc.
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Laboratory Experimental building Supporting technology Administrative building

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Experimental building scheme

20.4.2017 8

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Main laser systems

20.4.2017 9

Laser L1 L2 L3 L4 Peak power > 5 TW PW ≥PW 10 PW Energy in a pulse 100 mJ ≥15 J ≥30 J ≥1.5 kJ Pulse length < 20 fs ≤15 fs ≤30 fs ≤150 fs Repetition rate kHz > 10 Hz 10 Hz 1 per min Supplier In house STFC, UK + in-house LLNL, California, USA NE-EKSPLA, Texas, USA

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SLIDE 10

LUX

1E6 ph 5 fs 10 Hz 5 mrad

HHG

1E10 ph 10 fs 1 kHz 5 mrad

PXS

1E13 ph 300 fs 1 kHz 4π sr

Betatron 1E8 ph

10 fs 10 Hz 20 mrad

― Coherent Diffractive Imaging ― Atomic, Molecular and Optical Science ― Soft X-ray Materials Science ― X-ray phase contrast imaging ― X-ray Diffraction ― X-ray absorption spectroscopy ― X-ray Phase contrast imaging ― X-ray fluorescence ― Absorption spectroscopy, WDM@10Hz

SRS

+ pump beams

― WW pump-probe (station development)

L1 L2 L3 L4

P3 Plasma Phy. Platform ELIMAIA Ion accel.

― Pulsed Radiolysis

Hell electron.

What users get

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SLIDE 11

Workstations/ beamlines: source term

HHG PXS ELIMAIA LUX HELL E2 P3

  • Prim. Particles
  • f interest

X rays X rays protons electrons electrons electrons protons E max 10 keV 100 keV 250 MeV 2 GeV 10 (50) GeV 1 GeV ? 1 GeV Rep rate [Hz] 1 000 1 000 1 10 1 10 1 particles/pulse 109 1012 1012 6.2x109 6.2x108 3.1x109 1012

SRS PXS HHG

betatron

1E10 ph 10 fs 1 kHz 1E13 ph 300 fs 1 kHz 1E8 ph 20 fs 10 Hz

LUX

1E6 ph 5 fs 10 Hz

10 keV 1 keV 100 eV 10 eV 1 eV 100 keV 1 MeV

compton

5 mrad 5 mrad 4π sr 20 mrad

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Source term 2018-2020

20.4.2017 12

Beam - line Particle Max energy [ MeV] No of prim aries per shot Repetition rate PXS X rays 0.030 1012 1 kHz E3 protons 1000 1011 single shot ELIMAIA protons 60 109 1 Hz (2000/ day) LUX electrons 1200

  • 6. 107

10 Hz HELL electrons 500

  • 7. 1010

10 Hz electrons 3000 1011 1000 shots/ day

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Basic info on operations

20.4.2017 13

  • Full independence of experimental halls
  • shooting in hall X should not influence work

in the adjacent halls

  • Number of workers
  • 60 simultaneously in the experimental floor
  • Mostly external users
  • Now: ~300 employees from ~ 30 countries
  • Limited access (trained workers only)
  • Clean room areas (ISO 7 and ISO 8)
  • Radiation workplace category III
  • Civil structure designed so that

the yearly effective dose of an employee < 1mSv

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Radiation protection at ELI Beamlines

20.4.2017 14

  • Radiation field
  • Mixed: photons, e-, n, p+, ions, muons
  • Pulsed: fs-ps
  • Low repetition rate: 0.1 Hz – 1 kHz
  • Source term not well known
  • Subject of research
  • Experiment dependent
  • Geometry dependent
  • Low awareness of ionizing RP

in the laser community

  • Reckless x scared
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Radiation protection at ELI Beamlines

20.4.2017 15

  • Passive - shielding
  • Building (civil structure)
  • Beam dumps
  • Local shielding
  • Choice of material (low activation)
  • Active
  • Monitoring system
  • Workplace monitoring
  • Personal monitoring
  • Environmental monitoring
  • Pesonnel Interlock system
  • Administrative
  • Delineating zones
  • Setup of procedures
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Passive RP: Penetrations

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  • Many (~500 in the RP relevant area) large

penetrations (HVAC, vacuum, beam distribution, service)

  • Laser transport pipes penetrate straight
  • Design technical solution of shielding
  • Combined functionality (IR, EMP, fire)
  • Challenging: various technologies going through
  • Necessary to assess individually
  • Price x functionality

1 m

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Passive RP: Penetrations

20.4.2017 17

Beam height

1 m

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Passive RP: Simulation studies

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  • Monte Carlo method – FLUKA
  • Source term
  • adopted from the laser&plasma

physicists (PIC, extrapolations)

  • possibility of coupling PIC-FLUKA (SLAC)
  • Evaluation of H*(10) around set up
  • Design of beam dumps & local shielding
  • Activation of equipment
  • Effect of radiation to electronics
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Passive RP: Simulation studies

20.4.2017 19

  • Several scenarios considered – laser-target performance:
  • Ideal (=worst case scenario)
  • Realistic (for first couple of years)
  • Iterative procedure
  • Estimate of occupancy limits

in the hall and its surrounding areas

  • Design of local shielding and dumps
  • Versatile (wide range of E,

adjusting to changing setup)

  • Cheap&low long term activation
  • Low background to experiment
  • Chamber and content activation

Solid target experiment in E3, complex source term (by D. Batheja) γ, p, e+ & e-

H*(10) rate map [mSv/shot]

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Passive RP: Simulation studies

20.4.2017 20

  • Several scenarios considered – performance:
  • Ideal (=worst case scenario)
  • Realistic (for first couple of years)
  • Iterative procedure
  • Estimate of occupancy limits

in the hall and its surrounding areas

  • Design of local shielding and dumps
  • Versatile (wide range of E,

adjusting to changing setup)

  • Cheap&low long term activation
  • Low background to experiment
  • Chamber and content activation

Solid target experiment in E3, complex source term (by D. Batheja) γ, p, e+ & e-

H*(10) rate map [mSv/shot]

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Passive RP: Simulation studies

20.4.2017 21

  • Activation database
  • Typical construction materials
  • Selected typical energies
  • 3 irradiation schemes
  • short, middle, long term
  • several decay times (10 min to 6 months)
  • Setup - simplified (slab)
  • Realistic geometry
  • Radiation damage

to electronics

EoI 1h of decay time H*(10) [μSv/h], p, 60 MeV, 1 year irradiation High energy hadrons fluence [particles/cm2/year]

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Main hazards & Safety systems

20.4.2017 22

  • Laser radiation
  • Ionizing radiation
  • Flammable and toxic gases
  • Oxygen depleting gases
  • Electromagnetic pulse

(EMP)

  • Vacuum
  • Ozone
  • Biohazards (BSL 3)
  • Nanomaterials
  • Magnetic field
  • High voltage
  • Chemicals
  • Cryogenics
  • Pneumatics
  • Robotics

Building systems

  • Fire system
  • Security system
  • Access system

Safety systems

  • Personnel interlock system
  • Monitoring system

Support systems

  • Laser control system
  • Management of building technologies
  • Machinery safety
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Active RP: Monitoring system

20.4.2017 23

  • Workplace monitoring
  • Ionizing radiation
  • Technical gasses
  • Toxic (H2S, CO, HCN, HN4)
  • Flammable (H2)
  • Oxygen depleting (N2, LN2, Ar)
  • Clean rooms (No of particles)
  • Personal dosimetry
  • Administration of entries
  • Record of obtained doses
  • RP agenda administration
  • Metrology info
  • Radiation workers paperwork
  • Storage of activated material
  • Management of entries to controlled zone

Controlled zone

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Active RP: Monitoring system

20.4.2017 24

Purpose: SAFE OPERATION

  • Early detection of problems:
  • warning
  • alarm
  • Immediate action:
  • Local warning
  • Signal to Personnel Interlock System
  • Information to Laser Control System
  • Two parts:
  • Safety critical
  • Informative
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Active RP: Personal safety interlock

20.4.2017 25

  • Main integrator of safety functions
  • Ensuring safe operation (viewpoint of health and life of people)
  • ensuring no people are present in the areas with the highest risks
  • The design is based on
  • Knowledge of the current status
  • f the laser technology
  • Geometry of laser beam distribution
  • Dose rate maps (ionizing radiation)
  • Functionality is based on data

coming from

  • Monitoring system
  • Systems of building (especially Access system)
  • Systems of technology (expecially Control system)
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Active RP: Personal Safety Interlock

20.4.2017

Basic phases of the experiment

  • Preparatory
  • Laser alignment
  • Search procedures
  • Running experiment/laser
  • Protective period (decay of short-

lived radionuclides)

  • End of experiments – unlocking

the room

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status entry Laser hazard I R hazard Closed

  • Safe

  • Alignment

YES

  • High power (laser

in operation) YES YES – Prompt Post experiment

  • YES – localised,

residual E-stop

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Conclusions

21.10.201 6 27

  • Slowly moving from theory to real life…
  • Installations of lasers shall start end of summer
  • First operations should start by the end of 2017
  • By end of 2018 - “full“ operation
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Institute of Physics AS CR, v. v. i. Harfa Office Park, 5NP Českomoravská 2420/15 190 00 Prague 9, Czech Republic info@eli-beams.eu www.eli-beams.eu

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

veronika.olsovcova@eli-beams.eu www.eli-beams.eu

Institute of Physics AS CR, v.v.i. Za Radnicí 835 252 41 Dolní Břežany Czech Republic