NASCC: THE STEEL CONFERENCE WELDING SYMBOLS AND PRESENTATION FOR - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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NASCC: THE STEEL CONFERENCE WELDING SYMBOLS AND PRESENTATION FOR - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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NASCC: THE STEEL CONFERENCE WELDING SYMBOLS AND PRESENTATION FOR DESIGNERS AND DETAILERS (N72) PRESENTER: ROBERT WHYTE, PE, SE LBYD, INC. BIRMINGHAM, AL HOW TO DESIGN AND DETAIL (CORRECT PRESENTATION) WELD SYMBOLS FOR SHOP AND FIELD

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SLIDE 1

NASCC: THE STEEL CONFERENCE

WELDING SYMBOLS AND PRESENTATION FOR DESIGNERS AND DETAILERS

(N72)

PRESENTER: ROBERT WHYTE, PE, SE LBYD, INC. BIRMINGHAM, AL

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SLIDE 2

HOW TO DESIGN AND DETAIL

(CORRECT PRESENTATION)

WELD SYMBOLS FOR SHOP AND FIELD ECONOMY AND TO ACCURATELY CONVEY WHAT YOU MEAN.

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SLIDE 3

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND & ACCURATELY SHOW WELD SYMBOLS?

ANSWER: BECAUSE THEY TIE THE DESIGN INTENT WITH THE ACTUAL FABRICATION AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS.

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SLIDE 4

OUTLINE

  • 1. BASIC WELD TYPES & SYMBOLS.
  • 2. COMMON WELD PROCESSES & POSITIONS.
  • 3. BASIC WELD DESIGN.
  • 4. CORRECT WELD SYMBOLS & PLACEMENT.
  • 5. WELD ECONOMY.
  • 6. SPECIAL TOPICS.
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SLIDE 5

BASIC WELD TYPES & SYMBOLS

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SLIDE 6

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BASIC WELD TYPES:

Fillet Welds

Groove Welds:

  • Partial Joint Penetration (PJP)
  • Complete Joint Penetrations (CJP)
  • Flare-Bevel Groove Weld
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SLIDE 7

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • FILLET WELDS:
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SLIDE 8

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BASIC FILLET WELD SYMBOLS:
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SLIDE 9

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BASIC FILLET WELD SYMBOLS:

FILLET WELDS

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SLIDE 10

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BASIC GROOVE WELD SYMBOLS:

AWS D1.1 = > Be Familiar With & Always Show Process for Full or Partial Penetration Welds.

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SLIDE 11

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • DEFINITION OF ‘GROOVE’:

SINGLE-BEVEL GROOVE DOUBLE-BEVEL GROOVE

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SLIDE 12

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

COMMON GROOVE WELDS IN STRUCTURAL STEEL:

  • BTC-P4
  • TC-U4a
  • B-U4a, or, B-U4b
  • BTC-P10

95%

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SLIDE 13

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • PARTIAL JOINT PENETRATION WELDS:
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SLIDE 14

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BTC-P4:

E = Effective Throat S = Preparation (Bevel) f = Land, 1/8” (Min.)

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SLIDE 15

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BTC-P4 JOINT DESIGNATION:
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SLIDE 16

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BASIC GROOVE WELD SYMBOLS:

AWS D1.1 = > Be Familiar With & Always Show Process for Full or Partial Penetration Welds.

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SLIDE 17

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • SPECIAL TOPIC : Fillet ‘Overlay’ for PJP:
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SLIDE 18

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • SPECIAL TOPIC : Fillet ‘Overlay’ for PJP:
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SLIDE 19

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BTC-P10:

E = Effective Throat Emax = 5/8 t For thss = 3/8” E = (0.93) 5/8 (3/8”) E = 0.218” (Design) E = ¼” (Noted)

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SLIDE 20

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BTC-P10:
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SLIDE 21

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BTC-P10:
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SLIDE 22

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BTC-P10 JOINT DESIGNATION:
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SLIDE 23

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BASIC GROOVE WELD SYMBOLS:

AWS D1.1 = > Be Familiar With & Always Show Process for Full or Partial Penetration Welds.

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SLIDE 24

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

PJP WELDS

  • BASIC PJP WELD SYMBOLS:
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SLIDE 25

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • FULL PENETRATION WELDS:

Strength of Joint = Strength of Lesser Material

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SLIDE 26

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • TC-U4a:
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SLIDE 27

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • TC-U4a JOINT DESIGNATION:
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SLIDE 28

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BC-U4a:
  • BC-U4b:

‘b’ for Back Gouge

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SLIDE 29

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • Gouging:
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SLIDE 30

Basic Weld Types & Symbols

  • BASIC CJP WELD SYMBOLS:

CJP WELDS

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SLIDE 31

COMMON WELD PROCESSES & POSITIONS

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SLIDE 32

Commonly Used Arc Welding Processes Are: Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) – Stick Electrode Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW) Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) The Type of Joint and Weld Position (Flat, Horizontal, Vertical, and Overhead) are Dependent on These Processes.

Common Weld Processes & Positions

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SLIDE 33

Common Weld Processes & Positions

SMAW: (Stick- Electrode)

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SLIDE 34

Common Weld Processes & Positions

FCAW & GMAW:

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SLIDE 35

Common Weld Processes & Positions

WELD POSITIONS

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SLIDE 36

Common Weld Processes & Positions

FROM AISC / AWS D1.1:

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SLIDE 37

BASIC WELD DESIGN

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SLIDE 38

Fillet Weld in Shear:

ASD: 0.3(70)0.7071/16 = 0.928 Rn/Ω = 0.928 D L LRFD: 0.45(70)0.7071/16 = 1.392 ΦRn = 1.392 D L (E70XX Electrodes)

Basic Weld Design

E = 0.7071 D

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SLIDE 39

Basic Weld Design

Must NEVER Put a Single Fillet Weld in Tension

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SLIDE 40

Basic Weld Design

  • FILLET WELDS:

Gaps in Fillet Welds are Allowed Up to 3/16”

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SLIDE 41

Basic Weld Design

  • LOADING DOUBLE FILLET WELDS:

Must Never Load Single Fillet Weld With Moment About Longitudinal Axis – More on This Later…

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SLIDE 42

Basic Weld Design

  • OVERLAPPING FILLET WELDS:

May Lay 3/16” Fillet Weld on 3/16” Thk. Plate.

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SLIDE 43

Basic Weld Design

  • MINIUM SIZE OF FILLET WELDS:
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SLIDE 44

PJP Weld in Shear:

ASD: 21.0 ksi (Strength) Rn/Ω = 21.0 (E) L LRFD: 31.5 ksi (Strength)

ΦRn = 31.5 (E) L

E = Effective Throat S = Preparation (Bevel) f = Root Face (Land) R = Root Opening

Basic Weld Design

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SLIDE 45

AISC 13th Ed. Manual

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SLIDE 46

Basic Weld Design TWO METHODS:

  • ELASTIC METHOD
  • INSTANTANEOUS CENTER OF

ROTATION, IC, METHOD

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SLIDE 47

Elastic Method

Properties of Weld Groups

If you are using this table you are doing ELASTIC method.

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SLIDE 48

Elastic Method

  • Eccentric Force is Resolved

Into a Shear & Moment Acting at the Center of Gravity (CG)

  • f the Bolt Group.
  • rp : All Weld Elements

Share P ‘Equally’.

  • rmx , rmy : Proportional to

Distance from CG.

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SLIDE 49

Properties of Weld Groups

If you are using this table you are doing Instantaneous Center of Rotation method.

Instantaneous Center of Rotation (IC Method)

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SLIDE 50

Instantaneous Center of Rotation (IC Method)

  • Eccentricity Produces Both a

Relative Rotation & Translation

  • The Combined Effect of This

Relative Movement is Equivalent to a Rotation About IC.

  • Location of IC Depends on

Weld Geometry.

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SLIDE 51

Basic Weld Design COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS: D = 5/16”

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SLIDE 52

Basic Weld Design TRANVERSELY LOADED FILLET WELDS:

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SLIDE 53

CORRECT WELD SYMBOLS & PLACEMENT

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SLIDE 54

Correct Weld Symbols & Placement

  • ERRONEOUS WELD SYMBOLS:
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SLIDE 55

Correct Weld Symbols & Placement

  • ERRONEOUS WELD SYMBOLS:

TIP: ‘PLUS GAP’ OR ‘INCREASE FOR GAP’ MEANS THAT THE WELD SIZE MUST BE INCREASED FOR THE AMOUNT OF GAP BETWEEN THE SLOT IN THE HSS AND THE GUSSET PLATE – IF GAP IS 1/16” INCREASE 1/4” to 5/16”.

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SLIDE 56

Correct Weld Symbols & Placement

  • ERRONEOUS WELD SYMBOLS:
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SLIDE 57

Correct Weld Symbols & Placement

  • ERRONEOUS WELD SYMBOLS:
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SLIDE 58

Correct Weld Symbols & Placement

  • ERRONEOUS WELD SYMBOLS:

Overuse of All-Around Weld Symbol:

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SLIDE 59

Correct Weld Symbols & Placement

  • ALL-AROUND WELD SYMBOL:
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SLIDE 60

Correct Weld Symbols & Placement

  • ‘C’ SHAPED & ‘L’ SHAPED WELDS:
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SLIDE 61

Correct Weld Symbols & Placement

  • EXTENDED SHEAR PLATE WELDING:
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SLIDE 62

Correct Weld Symbols & Placement

  • SKEWED WELDS:
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SLIDE 63

WELD ECONOMY

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SLIDE 64

Weld Economy

  • Fillet Welds are Economical.
  • 3/16, 1/4, & 5/16 Fillet Welds are “One Pass” Welds.
  • 3/8 and Greater Fillet Welds are Multiple Pass Welds.
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SLIDE 65

Weld Economy

Multi-Pass Welds:

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SLIDE 66

Weld Economy

Order of Economy:

  • 1. Fillet Welds.
  • 2. Partial-Joint Penetration Welds (PJP).
  • 3. Complete-Joint Penetration Welds (CJP).
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SLIDE 67

Weld Economy

3/4” Fillet Welds Shear Strength = 16.7 k/in. (factored) Area of 3/4” Fillet Weld = 0.281 sq in Partial Penetration Weld with Strength = 16.7 k/in. (factored) E = 0.53 in. Bevel = 11/16 in. Area of Partial Pen = 0.236 sq in

Maximum Fillet Weld Sizes Before Considering Partial Penetration Welds – 5/8” to 3/4”

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SLIDE 68

Weld Economy

Two ‘Welds’ Are Better Than One:

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SLIDE 69

Weld Economy

Full Penetration Welds:

Weld Strength = Strength of Lesser Grade Material Increasing Thickness of Lesser Grade Material Does NOT Increase the Strength of the Welded Joint

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SLIDE 70

SPECIAL TOPICS

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SLIDE 71

Special Topics

Transverse Weld Shrinkage Single Plate with Short Slots – DO NOT Pretension Bolts Prior to Welding Beam Flanges. NOT RECOMMENDED: Double Angle Web Connection – Angles Restrict Transverse Weld Shrinkage

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SLIDE 72

Special Topics

  • FIELD FIX:
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SLIDE 73

Special Topics

1) ADD BRACING TO EXISTING BUILDING:

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SLIDE 74

Special Topics

2) DETAIL IS MIRRORED OR ‘FLIPPED’ FOR UPPER END OF BRACE:

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SLIDE 75

Special Topics

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SLIDE 76

Special Topics

  • COLUMN WEB DOUBLER WELDING:
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SLIDE 77

THANK YOU!! QUESTIONS?

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SLIDE 78

WWW.LBYD.COM

For a copy of the slides from today please email Robert at rwhyte@lbyd.com