Mitigation and Resilience Strategies 2018 CDBG-DR Problem Solving Clinic Atlanta, GA | D e c e m b e r 1 2 - 1 4 , 2 0 1 8 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
Welcome & Speakers • Session Objectives • What is mitigation and resilience and why is it important to incorporate in disaster recovery • How to make impacted communities more resilient to future disasters • Speakers • Brandy Bones, ICF • Ann Schmid, Iowa Economic Development Authority • Calvin Johnson, NYC Office of Management and Budget • Dennis Reinknecht and Alexis Taylor, NJ Department of Environmental Protection 2 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
Agenda • Mitigation and Resilience Strategies Overview • Examples of Mitigation and Resilience Activities • Grantee Experiences • State of Iowa • New York City • New Jersey 3 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
Mitigation and Resilience Strategies Overview 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
Definitions • Resilience • Resilience is a system’s capacity to recover from adversity, a community’s ability to rebound quickly from shocks and stressors while at the same time reducing future risk (Lincoln Land Institute) • Mitigation • Mitigation is the effort to reduce loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters (FEMA) • Different disciplines – planning, architecture, engineering, community development, infrastructure, emergency management - may define in somewhat different ways 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
Why it’s important to promote resilience and mitigation • Reduces current and future risk and is essential to the long-term vitality, economic well-being, and security of all communities • Maximizes preparedness, saves lives, and brings benefits to a community long after recovery projects are complete, by identifying future risk and vulnerabilities • Protects people and property from harm – improves protection, evacuation, and emergency response • Protects shoreline and riverine communities – preserves residential and business uses, beaches, wildlife habitats, ecosystems and fisheries 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
Promoting resilience/mitigation can… • Ensure critical facilities are protected and can recover quickly • Critical infrastructure and facilities – power systems, storm water systems, water treatment plants, communications networks • Transportation facilities and networks – roads, ports, airports, public transit, fuel supply infrastructure • Public facilities – government offices, first responder facilities, schools, hospitals, trauma centers 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
Promoting resilience/mitigation can… • Protect community assets and vulnerable populations • Public housing, affordable housing, senior housing, nursing homes, facilities serving the disabled and other vulnerable populations • Emergency shelters, community centers, parks and recreational facilities • Retail businesses, pharmacies, grocery stores • Social networks: faith communities, neighborhood groups, on-line communities 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
Green, grey and blue infrastructure • A mix of traditional concrete and steel infrastructure with green infrastructure • “Green Infrastructure” (HUD definition) • “Integration of natural systems and processes, or engineered systems that mimic natural systems and processes, into investments in resilient infrastructure. Green infrastructure takes advantage of the services and natural defenses provided by land and water systems such as wetlands, natural areas, vegetation, sand dunes, and forests, while contributing to the health and quality of life of those in recovering communities.” • “The HCD Act authorizes public facilities activities that may include green infrastructure approaches that restore degraded or lost natural systems and other shoreline areas to enhance storm protection and reap the many benefits that are provided by these systems. Protecting, retaining, and enhancing natural defenses should be considered as part of any coastal resilience strategy.” 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
Examples of mitigation and resilience strategies • Hardening critical facilities • Deploying backup power systems • Coastal protection (seawalls, floodgates, storm surge protections, berms, beach restoration) • Storm water runoff reduction (rain gardens, bioswales, permeable pavement, retention pools) • Buyout programs 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
What HUD prioritizes….. • Emphasis on high quality, durability, energy efficiency, sustainability, mold resistance • Support for adoption and enforcement of modern and/or resilient building codes • Mitigation of hazard risk, including possible sea level rise, high winds, storm surge and flooding • Implementation and compliance with Green Building Standards • Identification and implementation of resilience performance standards that can be applied to each infrastructure project • Alignment of infrastructure projects with other planned State and local capital improvements 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
What HUD prioritizes….. • Integration of preparedness and mitigation measures into rebuilding activities • Verification of how grantees will promote community-level and/or regional (e.g. multi-jurisdictional) post-disaster recovery and mitigation planning • Identification of how grantees will address storm water management systems in flood impacted areas • State grantees must work with local governments in the most impacted and distressed areas to identify the unmet needs and associated costs of needed storm water infrastructure improvements 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
Iowa 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
Iowa – a History of Flooding • 1993 • $38.7 million CDBG-DR to State • $15.8 million direct to 8 Entitlement Cities • “The primary object for the use of HUD flood funds was to repair, restore and replace facilities damaged by the floods of 1993” – After Action Report 1993 • 2008 2008 • $890.8 million • Focus on Buy-outs, Infrastructure Improvements and Housing 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
THE DAMAGE The Greatest Disaster in Iowa’s History 85 of 99 Iowa counties were Federal disaster areas 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
THE DAMAGE Cedar and Iowa River watersheds were hit hardest Cedar River Watershed Iowa River Watershed 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
THE DAMAGE 60% of the flood damage was in Cedar Rapids 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
THE DAMAGE Two small towns were completely submerged Palo Oakville 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
THE RECOVERY What Iowans said they needed post-flood • Buyout programs for flooded neighborhoods • Green space instead of development in floodplains • Affordable housing to replace that lost during the flood • Green development that infiltrates rainwater and reduces runoff • Job retention via • Support for flood-affected businesses • Support for new and expanding businesses • Support for businesses that help with flood recovery Source: State of Iowa Surveys 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
THE RECOVERY IEDA’s Innovations • Fast-track the CDBG-DR action plan • Request waivers to allow more flexibility in addressing needs • Create SuperCOGS to streamline administration of funds • Adapt a database designed for homeless assistance to track funding • Keep all the work in-house for efficiency and quality control • Partner with grantees to create unique programs 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
THE RECOVERY CDBG-DR funds contributed to • FEMA buyouts • In the 100-year floodplain • FEMA pays 75% of the costs • Local Match pays 25% - Used CDBG-DR as local match • Property deed-restricted to green space in perpetuity • Non-FEMA buyouts • Outside the 100-year floodplain • Within the 500-year floodplain • CDBG-DR funds pay 100% of buyout costs • Property development restricted 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
THE RECOVERY Where the buyout money went • Most to non-FEMA match • 81% to property owners for acquisition • 13% to demolition • 3% to owner relocation help • 2% to grant administration 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
THE RECOVERY The Result 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
THE RECOVERY Housing Programs • New housing production included both rental and owner occupied • Repair & rehabilitation helped owners fix damaged homes • Rental rehabilitation helped landlords fixed damaged rental units • Homebuyer assistance helped owners afford replacement housing • Interim mortgage assistance helped owners of bought-out homes pay the mortgage on their home until the buyout • Lead Paint Abatement Training trained contractors fixing damaged homes • Historic Preservation Planning Grants helped mitigate effects of buyouts on historic properties 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
THE RECOVERY Where the housing money went • 88% of housing money went to new production, mostly multifamily • Most of the rest funded repair and rehab • Homebuyer assistance and interim mortgage assistance each had less than 1% • Cedar Rapids got 34% of housing program funding 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
THE RECOVERY The Result: Sustainable, affordable housing 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM 2018 CDBG-DR PROGRAM
Recommend
More recommend
