MICO MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING MICO MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

S3T School and Symposium on Smart Structural Systems Technologies

MICO MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING

Smart Structural Systems Technologies

MICO‐MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING SYSTEM FOR AGEING UNDERGROUND INFRASTRUCTURE (UNDERGROUNDM3)

Kenichi Soga

Professor of Civil Engineering Department of Engineering

Ageing Engineering Infrastructure Ageing Engineering Infrastructure

T nnels T nnels

• Tunnels

Tunnels

London Underground (LUL) – Tunnels 75 – 100 yrs old – Deterioration of linings Deterioration of linings – Minimal clearance to tunnel wall – Risks from 3rd party construction

• Water Supply and Sewer Systems

Water Supply and Sewer Systems

Thames Water – 31,000 km of pipelines – ½ more than 100 yrs old 1/3 more – ½ more than 100 yrs old, 1/3 more than 150 yrs old, ~30% leakage

• Bridges

Bridges

Highway Agency/LUL/ Humber Bridge – ~150,000 bridges in UK – Critical links in road/rail infrastructure infrastructure – Deterioration – Many structures below required strength

Difficulties in implementing RTM and RTC with conventional technologies

• Prague Metro

Examples of Tunnel Degradation Problems in Europe

• Prague Metro

– Assess long term impact of flood – Two active monitoring locations WSN it i

Aug 2002, 19 Metro Stations flooded $200millons, areas usable for 6 months

– WSN monitoring

• London Underground

– Monitor area of lining deterioration – Tiltmeters + crackmeters – Optical fibre strain & WSN monitoring

• Barcelona Metro

– wet areas – oxidation of reinforcement – cracks and fissures cracks and fissures.

LUL Barcelona Metro Prague Metro

Kenichi Soga Antonio Gens Alberto Ledesma Xavier Gonzalez Cristian deSantos Alberto Roncaglia Matteo Ferri Ivan Vanicek Jan Zalesky Jaromír Machácek Martin Vanicek g Roberto Cipolla Ashwin Seshia Robert Mair Peter Bennett Cristian deSantos Martin Vanicek Daniel Jirasko Peter Bennett Jize Yan Rich Laver Krisada Chaiyasarn Fabio Viola James Ransley Chikara Hirai Yusuke Kobayashi

Underground M3 Project

Yusuke Kobayashi Keita Abe Peter Wright Chris Chew Juan Rodriguez Tomas Jilek g Tomas Jilek Jean-Pierre Hamilin Marcos Gonzalez

Risk Management Risk Management

Probability of Failure

×

Number of death by the failure

× × ×

Cost per person

×

３ （Political damage）

＝

３ （Political damage）

5

Cost of Maintenance and Repair

3 Micros 3 Micros

• Micro-Detection - Real-Time Damage Detection

using Computer Vision

Tier 1

Mi M it i MEMS St i S

Tier 1

• Micro-Monitoring – MEMS Strain Sensors
• Micro-Communication with Power Harvesting

Tier 2

London Underground

• Background

S lli i d t l – Spalling in deep tunnel – Fresh and historical

Drift Deposits 25m London Clay Areas of Spalling Found in Tunnel 25m Scale: Upper Mottled Clay p Tunnel WSN Upnor Formation mbeth Group Chalk Lam Bond Street Station, 600 m Baker Street Station, 1 km

E F G H J

19000 rad.

C D K L Inner diameter : 3810 mm

115 1 in 10

A B M N Inner diameter : 3810 mm Outer diameter : 4146 mm Concrete segments

100 220 520 1 in 10

Wedge segment Wedge segment

19000 rad 19000 rad. 600

Circularity carried

• ut using Leica
• ut using Leica

3000 track trolley Typical circularity measurement

Best-fit Perfect Circle Circularity Survey Data Deformation exaggerated x 10 Estimated Centre

measurement, showing approx 1% squat

Circularity measurement

Tubelines

Survey Plan by T b li (2006) Tubelines (2006)

Ring No. 1602 Ring No. 1660

Picture from “Modeling the world from Internet Photo Collections” Snavely(2007) Picture from Modeling the world from Internet Photo Collections , Snavely(2007)

• Database can be created from

the initial set of labelled images

Reconstruction after Refinement Reconstruction before Refinement

Reconstruction after Refinement Surface Estimation SVM classifier

Curvature due to incorrect surface incorrect surface

SVM classifier

Texture mapping SVM classifier pp g

Mosaics on Curved Surfaces Mosaics on Curved Surfaces

Parallelism is preserved Local misalignment can be refined Blending algorithm to smooth colour at the overlapping region can be refined

Mosaics on Curved Surfaces Mosaics on Curved Surfaces

Microsoft Image Composite Editor on prewarped images

More Results More Results

More Results More Results

Local misalignment due to 3D

• ca

sa g e due o 3 structures

Change Detection

2003 2007 2003 2007

London Underground WSN London Underground WSN

GPRS GPRS

Backer Street

Baker Street Ground Level

Wireless Sensors

Bond Street

Bond Street

Balloon (Linux Computer)

Repeater Hub

Jubilee Line [London Underground] Ventilation Shaft Gateway + sensors

130 m

Ethernet Ethernet

125 m 115 m 575 m

to Bond Street

1025 m

to Baker Street

Crackmeter (LPDT) Crackmeter (LPDT)

LPDT for measurement Crack LPDT for temp. comp. Crack Location Range 12.5mm MicaZ 10 bit ADC Resolution ~12m

Inclinometer Inclinometer

2.0dB antenna Inclinometer Main Battery Board Angle Plate Mote Resolution 0.001o Range ±15o External 16 bit ADC Temperature & Humidity sensor y

Installation Installation

Installation Installation

Installation Installation

Sensor Locations Sensor Locations

Concrete Lining

Sensor Nodes Inclinometer: 16

Diameter 3.75m

Crackmeter : 6 Relay Nodes 4 Gateway

16 16 16 16 16 16 17 17 Ring No. Inclinometer LPDT Relay Gateway 640 641 661 675 685 689 700 714 g H F F-G D D A H M L M D D Baker Street Bond Street 44.4m

Sensor Locations Sensor Locations

Gateway [Ring1685] y Inclinometer

[ID8981 Ring1689]

Crackmeter

[ID8972 Ring1689]

Inclinometer

[ID8961 Ring1689]

Crack Inc. Inc. Inc. Crack.

I li t Inclinometer

[ID89D1 Ring1689]

Relay

[ID00D1 Ring1700]

Relay

[ID0021 Ring1700]

Inc.

Inclinometer

[ID8921 Ring1689] [ID0021 Ring1700]

Comparison with VWSG Comparison with VWSG

Movement Overview

~0.006o/month

1640

~0.030o/month

1661

~0.020o/month ~0.006o/month Crack No Change Joint ~-0.02mm/month Joint ~0.008mm/month No Change No Change

1689 1714

~0.040o/month Joint 0.020mm/month ~0.014o/month ~0 007o/month Joint 0.080mm/month ~0.015o/month ~0.007 /month No Change Crack ~-0.035mm/month ~0.008o/month ~0.015o/month

Installation Plan (Prague Metro) Installation Plan (Prague Metro)

Crackmeter

X 4

Tiltmeter Tiltmeter Tiltmeter

SENSOR SECTION SENSOR SECTION X 1

X 1 Tiltmeter Tiltmeter

BALLOON BALLOON (Linux Computer) (Linux Computer) Repeater Hub Repeater Hub GATEWAY GATEWAY Hopping Trial Hopping Trial

St ti

GPRS GPRS g Ethernet Ethernet

30m 100m 170m Station

Field Trials Field Trials

• Prague Metro

Prague Metro

– Conventional Monitoring started October 2006 – Prototype WSN system installed in 2007 – Full WSN system installed in September 2008 – Two more WSN installations will happen in 2010

• London Underground – Tubelines and Metronet

– WSN system installed in June 2008 WSN system installed in June 2008 – Another WSN in July 2010

• Barcelona Metro

– Planned in May 2010

To be successful To be successful…

• Cheap
• Low power consumption
• Low power consumption
• Reliable for long-term
• Safe, Safe and Safe

Safety Documentation submitted to LUL (168 pages)

Thank you Thank you.