ContentsofTalk WhatDoWeDo? WhyDoWeDoIt? - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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ContentsofTalk WhatDoWeDo? WhyDoWeDoIt? - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Feb 20, 2023 103 likes •469 views

ClimateImpactForecastingfor Slopes SlopeRemediation CurrentPractice StuartHardy ContentsofTalk WhatDoWeDo? WhyDoWeDoIt? HowDoWeDoIt?

slide-1
SLIDE 1
  • ClimateImpactForecastingfor

Slopes

StuartHardy

SlopeRemediation CurrentPractice

slide-2
SLIDE 2
  • ContentsofTalk
  • WhatDoWeDo?
  • WhyDoWeDoIt?
  • HowDoWeDoIt?
  • TheFutureForSlopeStabilityAssessment
  • QuestionsWeWouldLikeToRaise
slide-3
SLIDE 3
  • ContentsofTalk
  • WhatDoWeDo?
  • WhyDoWeDoIt?
  • HowDoWeDoIt?
  • TheFutureForSlopeStabilityAnalysis
  • QuestionsWeWouldLikeToRaise
slide-4
SLIDE 4
  • WhatDoWeDo?
  • Weworkforallthemajorearthworkinfrastructure
  • wners

–

BritishWaterways

–

NetworkRail

–

LondonUndergroundLimited

–

HighwaysAgency

slide-5
SLIDE 5
  • ContentsofTalk
  • WhatDoWeDo?
  • WhyDoWeDoIt?
  • HowDoWeDoIt?
  • TheFutureForSlopeStabilityAssessment
  • QuestionsWeWouldLikeToRaise
slide-6
SLIDE 6
  • WhyDoWeDoIt?
  • Interruptionof

services

  • Emergencyworks
  • Highcosts
  • Lossofrevenue
  • Lossofcustomers
slide-7
SLIDE 7
  • ContentsofTalk
  • WhatDoWeDo?
  • WhyDoWeDoIt?
  • HowDoWeDoIt?
  • TheFutureForSlopeStabilityAssessment
  • QuestionsWeWouldLikeToRaise
slide-8
SLIDE 8
  • HowDoWeDoIt?
  • 1. Inspectionofearthworks&riskassessment
  • 2. Detailedinvestigationanddesignofstabilisationmeasures
  • 3. Appliedresearchprojects
slide-9
SLIDE 9
  • 1.EarthworkInspections
  • Eachoperatorhasdevelopedtheirownsystem

– NetworkRail(RT/CE/S/065) – LUL(E3735) – HA(HD41/03)

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SLIDE 10
  • 2.DetailedAnalysis
  • LimitEquilibriumTechniquestoAssessStability
slide-11
SLIDE 11
  • 2.DetailedDesign
  • ContiguousBoredPileWall
slide-12
SLIDE 12
  • 2.DetailedDesign
  • SoilNailing
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SLIDE 13
  • 2.DetailedDesign
  • GabionWalls/ReinforcedEarth
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SLIDE 14
  • 2.DetailedDesign
  • Noneoftheinspectionstandardsfullyaddressthe

influenceofvegetationonslopestabilityor vulnerabilitytoseasonalrainfalleffects

  • Noneofthecommonlyuseddesignmethodscan

takeaccountoftheeffectofvegetationorseasonal rainfalleffects

slide-15
SLIDE 15
  • 3.ResearchProjects
  • LULResearchStageII– AssessmentofCuttingsand

Embankments(LUL)

  • QueensburyInstrumentedEmbankment(LUL)
  • SeasonalPreparedness(NR)
  • TheEffectofVegetationonSlopeStability(RSSB)
slide-16
SLIDE 16
  • ContentsofTalk
  • WhatDoWeDo?
  • WhyDoWeDoIt?
  • HowDoWeDoIt?
  • TheFutureForSlopeStabilityAssessment
  • QuestionsWeWouldLikeToRaise
slide-17
SLIDE 17
  • TheFutureForSlopeStability

Assessment

  • ExtendedUseofSMDforriskassessment

SMD Rainfall

slide-18
SLIDE 18
  • TheFutureForSlopeStability

Assessment

  • Useofmoreadvancedanalysistools

– FiniteElement/Difference

slide-19
SLIDE 19
  • CHASM– Modellingrainfalleffectson

slopeporepressures

  • CHASMcanbeusedtomodeltheeffectofany

combinationsofrainfalleventsonthestabilityofa slope

Reduction in Suctions with Time

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

  • 10
  • 8
  • 6
  • 4
  • 2

2 4 pore pressure (m) depth below slope surface (m)

10 days 15 days 20 days 25 days

slide-20
SLIDE 20
  • CHASM– Modellingrainfalleffectson

slopeporepressures

Reduction in FoS from Initial Value

70% 80% 90% 100% 110% 5 10 15 20 25 30 time (days) F o S a s % o f b a s e lin e

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SLIDE 21
  • ProgressiveFailure
  • FLACcanbeusedtomodeltheeffectofvegetation
  • nprogressivefailure

Winter– Embankment Swells

slide-22
SLIDE 22
  • ProgressiveFailure

Track Heaves Winter– Embankment Swells

slide-23
SLIDE 23
  • ProgressiveFailure

PlasticStrains Developattoe Φpeak Φresidual Winter– Embankment Swells

slide-24
SLIDE 24
  • ProgressiveFailure

ZeroPorepressureline LowPoreWater

Pressures Summer– Embankment Shrinks

slide-25
SLIDE 25
  • ProgressiveFailure

Track Settles Summer– Embankment Shrinks

slide-26
SLIDE 26
  • ProgressiveFailure

PlasticStrainsNot Recovered Φpeak Φresidual Summer– Embankment Shrinks

slide-27
SLIDE 27
  • ProgressiveFailure

Continued Cycling

slide-28
SLIDE 28
  • ProgressiveFailure

Continued Cycling

slide-29
SLIDE 29
  • ProgressiveFailure

Failure!

slide-30
SLIDE 30
  • QuestionsWeWouldLiketoRaise
  • Canwegainabetterunderstandingoftheinteractionof

climateandvegetationwithslopebehaviour?

  • Canthisbeengineeredtopositivelybenefitaslope?
  • CanSoilMoistureDeficitbemodifiedtotakeaccountofslope
  • rientationandslopeanglewhenmakingtheriskassessment

foracertainslope?

  • Willthisgreaterunderstandingallowustomoveawayfrom

hardstructuralsolutionslikeboredpiles/soilnails?

slide-31
SLIDE 31
  • www.mottmac.com
slide-32
SLIDE 32
  • Lifeexpiredembankments
  • Ongoing

deformation

  • Speedrestrictions
  • Expensive

maintenance

  • Unpredictablecosts
  • Dissatisfied

customers

slide-33
SLIDE 33
  • 1.EarthworkInspections
  • Inspectionprocedurestakeintoaccount

– Slopegeometry(angleandheight) – Observationsofwater(seepage,ponding) – Evidenceofinstability(bulges,tensioncracksorcrookedtrees)

  • Conditionrating

– Serviceable,marginalorpoorforLULandNRprocedure – Class1,2,or3forHA

  • CrudeRiskAssessment

– Inspectionregime – Remediationofslope

slide-34
SLIDE 34
  • 2.DetailedAnalysis
  • LULDesignStandards

– ForaLondonClayEmbankment – FoundationMaterial:φ =21°, ‘ =2kPaγ =19kN/m3 – EmbankmentMaterial:φ =21°, ‘ =1kPaγ =19kN/m3 – Fouroptionsavailableforporepressureconditions – Forslopecoveredwithmaturetrees,theporepressureis

hydrostaticbelowzeropressurelinewhichisassumed2mbelow surface

– Trackloadingof30kPaappliedfromsleeperendtosleeperend