Me ta L e a rning : L e ve ra g ing Re se a rc h o n L e a rning - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Me ta L e a rning : L e ve ra g ing Re se a rc h o n L e a rning to I mpro ve Stude nt Suc c e ss Ca l Ma ritime -- 2018 Ste phe n Ca rro ll, PhD

T he Pla n: Ste ps to I mpro ving Yo ur Suc c e ss  Pra c tic e s tha t I mpro ve L e a rning  T a king No te s  Re a ding  Study T e c hniq ue s  Study Cyc le  Stra te g ie s a nd T a c tic s: E xe rc ise , Sle e p, e tc .  T he o ry—Why tho se pra c tic e s wo rk  De fine L e a rning  Ho w L e a rning Wo rks

Me ta c o g nitive No te s Priming information Da te , Co urse , T o pic Notes on what’s being presented This makes sense! Thoughts, connections & feelings that arise Summary R y Refl eflectio ions: Q: How does this ASAP – befor ore s sleeping connect with … ? What’s w worth r revie viewin ing & & reme memb mbering? Summa ry: For B Best R t Results: Review S Sum ummary y withi hin 2 24 4 hou ours Pa rt 1: T a king No te s

Re a ding Stra te g ie s  Pre -Re a d  De te rmine c o nte xt a nd purpo se (mo tiva tio n)  Write yo ur purpo se o n a 3x5 c a rd (mo tiva tio n)  Sc a n the pro mine nt fe a ture s o f the te xt (priming )  T hink a b o ut wha t yo u kno w no w (me ta c o g nitio n)  Re a d Critic a lly  F o c use d, a tte ntive re a ding using 3x5 c a rd(ma king c o nne c tio ns)  T wo hig hlig hte rs a nd a pe n (me ta c o g & c o nne c tio ns)  Re a ding jo urna l o r no te b o o k (me ta c o g & c o nne c tio ns)  Po st-Re a ding  Re vie w a nd re fle c t [pre -re a ding a nd no te s] (me ta c o g )  Summa ry b e fo re switc hing g e a rs/ b e fo re sle e p (re ta in)  Re vie w within 24 ho urs (re ta in) Pa rt 2: Re a d ing

T e st, Analyze , INte gr ate  Pa ssive re vie w ha s lo w c o rre la tio n with a b ility to re c a ll wha t wa s le a rne d.  Ab ility to re c a ll de pe nds o n PRACT I CEo f re c a ll:  T e st a b ility to re c a ll fre q ue ntly fo r lo w sta ke s  Ana lyze suc c e sse s a nd fa ilure s (se e k pa tte rns)  I nte g ra te tho se pa tte rns into le a rning stra te g ie s  No te the c o nne c tio ns to Blo o m’ s hig he r-o rde r thinking skills (HOT S) Pa rt 3: Stud y T e c hniq ue s

Popular Study T e c hnique s Whic h one s a re e ffe c tive ? 1. E la b o ra tive I nte rro g a tio n 2. Se lf-E xpla na tio n 3. Summa riza tio n 4. Hig hlig hting / unde rlining 5. K e ywo rd Mne mo nic 6. I ma g e ry fo r te xt 7. Re re a ding 8. Pra c tic e T e sting 9. Distrib ute d Pra c tic e 10. I nte rle a ve d Pra c tic e Pa rt 3: Stud y T e c hniq ue s

Popular Study T e c hnique s 1. E la b o ra tive I nte rro g a tio n (M) 2. Se lf-E xpla na tio n (M) 3. Summa riza tio n (L ) 4. Hig hlig hting / unde rlining (L ) 5. K e ywo rd Mne mo nic (L ) 6. I ma g e ry fo r te xt (L ) 7. Re re a ding (L ) 8. Pra c tic e T e sting (H) 9. Distrib ute d Pra c tic e (H) 10. I nte rle a ve d Pra c tic e (M) L e a rning T e c hniq ue s: Pro mising Dire c tio ns fro m Co g nitive a nd E duc a tio na l Psyc ho lo g y, APS, Psyc ho lo g ic a l Sc ie nc e , (2013) Dunlo sky, Ra wso n, Ma rsh, Na tha n, & Willing ha m. Pa rt 3: Stud y T e c hniq ue s

The Study Cycle 4 3 Re fle Re vie Preview before class – Skim the chapter, note headings and boldface words, c t Preview w review summaries and chapter objectives, and come up with questions you’d 4 like the lecture to answer for you. Re fle c t Attend class – GO TO CLASS! Answer and ask questions and take Attend meaningful metacognitive notes. Review after class – As soon after class as possible, read notes, fill in gaps and note any questions. Do this before you sleep. Review Study – Repetition is key. Ask questions such as ‘why,’ ‘how,’ and ‘what if.’ • Intense Study Sessions* - 3-5 short study sessions per day. (Pomodoro) • Weekend Review – Read notes and material from the week to make Study connections Assess your Learning – Periodically perform reality checks • Am I using study methods that are effective? Assess • Do I understand the material enough to teach it to others? *Intense Study Sessions 1 (1-2 min) De c ide wha t you wa nt to a c c omplish in your study se ssion Se t a Goa l (30-50 min) Inte ra c t with ma te ria l - o rg a nize , c o nc e pt ma p, summa rize , pro c e ss, re - 2 Study with F oc us re a d, fill-in no te s, re fle c t, e tc . (10-15 min) 3 Re wa rd Yourse lf T a ke a bre a k – c a ll a frie nd, pla y a sho rt g a me , g e t a sna c k 4 Re vie w (5 min) Go ove r wha t you just studie d Pa rt 4: Stud y Cyc le

Stra te g ie s a nd T a c tic s  Ge t e no ug h sle e p—  Yo ung a dults ne e d 9-10 ho urs o f sle e p fo r o ptimum b ra in pe rfo rma nc e .  Yo u’ ll pe rfo rm b e tte r o n the te st if yo u a re we ll-re ste d tha n if yo u ha ve sta ye d up mo st o f the nig ht re vie wing the ma te ria l o ne mo re time . Pa rt 5: Stra te g ie s

Sle e p De priva tio n

Stra te g ie s a nd T a c tic s Ma na g e yo ur Sle e p We ll: Sle e p Cyc le : 90 min.  Minimum o f 6 ho urs fo r a c c e pta b le pe rfo rma nc e (9- 10 ho urs fo r yo ung a dults).  Me nta l pe rfo rma nc e dro ps o ff sha rply if yo u do n’ t g e t at le ast 6 ho urs o f sle e p pe r nig ht re g ula rly. Witho ut this a mo unt o f sle e p, yo u c a nno t le a rn: lo ng -c ha in re a so ning , pe rsiste nc e , e tc .  I f yo u must do with le ss, yo u wa nt to wa ke in the RE M pe rio d a t the e nd o f the c yc le , no t a de e p pa rt o f the c yc le . T he le ss sle e p yo u g e t, the mo re impo rta nt it is whe n yo u wa ke up. Pa rt 5: Stra te g ie s

Sleep cycles: If you wake up in one of these phases, ~ 90 minutes/cycle you’ll feel rested and perform well. REM 1 2 3 7 Chart shows 7 hours of sleep If you wake up in these troughs, you’ll be tired and groggy all day. You’ll perform significantly less well on cognitive tasks. Pa rt 5: Stra te g ie s

Sle e p Hyg e ine  No c a ffe ine a fte r no o n  Do n’ t study in b e d  No sc re e ns o ne ho ur b e fo re b e d (o r b lue -lig ht sc re e n)  Go to b e d a nd g e t up a t the sa me time e a c h da y  Use a n a pp to wa ke a t the rig ht time

Na pping a ids me mo ry a nd c o g nitio n

Stra te g ie s a nd T a c tic s  Sle e p Cyc le s  Plo t yo ur c yc le so tha t yo u kno w ho w it wo rks.  Yo ur pe rio d o f ma ximum fa tig ue will fa ll 12 ho urs a fte r the de e pe st pe rio d o f sle e p. (Na p!)  Use the info rma tio n-so rting func tio n o f sle e p to he lp yo u so lve pro b le ms. F o c us o n the pro b le m yo u wa nt to so lve re pe a te dly a s yo u fa ll a sle e p. Re vie w in the mo rning . (K e e p pa pe r b y the b e d.)  L uc id dre a ming c a n a lso he lp yo u study.  Adjust b e dtime to the type o f te st yo u’ re ta king . Pa rt 5: Stra te g ie s

Stra te g ie s a nd T a c tic s  E xe rc ise re g ula rly a nd e a rly—  45 min o f a e ro b ic e xe rc ise e a rly in the da y is the be st wa y to inc re a se le a rning pe rfo rma nc e  Mo ving b lo o d a nd o xyg e n to yo ur b ra in he lps it wo rk mo re e ffe c tive ly.  T he c he mic a ls yo ur b o dy ma ke s whe n yo u e xe rc ise (BDNF ) he lp yo u ma ke c o nne c tio ns mo re e a sily. Pa rt 5: Stra te g ie s

Stra te g ie s a nd T a c tic s Ma ke sure yo u a re pro pe rly hydra te d a nd no urishe d .  Wa te r is ke y. E ve n mo de st de hydra tio n de c re a se s yo ur re a so ning a b ility b y 20%. (Do n’ t o ve rdo it—o ve r-hydra tio n a lso a dve rse ly a ffe c ts c o g nitio n.)  I f wha t yo u e a t c o me s thro ug h a c a r windo w o r if the la b e l lists ing re die nts with numb e rs, it isn’ t fo o d.  Co lo r yo ur pla te : the b e st b ra in fo o ds a re b lue b e rrie s, who le g ra ins, o ily fish, to ma to e s, a vo c a do s, b ro c c o li a nd nuts.  Ha rd me nta l wo rk is e q ua lly ta xing to the b o dy a s ha rd physic a l wo rk—yo u ha ve to no urish it to susta in pe a k pe rfo rma nc e .

Stra te g ie s a nd T a c tic s  Ca ffe ine , Nic o tine , Alc o ho l, a nd Adde ra ll  Ca ffe ine a nd sug a r b o th inhib it le a rning a nd re c a ll, e spe c ia lly in la rg e q ua ntitie s (>200 mg ). Whe n c o mb ine d in small q ua ntitie s, the y c a n pro vide a b o o st (e q uiva le nt to a wa lk a ro und the b lo c k).  Nic o tine he lps yo u fo rm ne w c o nne c tio ns o nly if yo u a lre a dy smo ke .  Alc o ho l impa irs the b ra in’ s a b ility to fo rm ne w c o nne c tio ns a nd to re c a ll o ld o ne s.  Adde ra ll is ve ry da ng e ro us if yo u do n’ t ha ve ADD. Pa rt 5: Stra te g ie s