With Nordic With SA+R and KL&A Mass Timber: Sustainable from All Perspectives
Understand a mass timber project through the eyes of a building owner, an architect, and a general contractor to understand why the material is so compelling across the industry.
4 Learning Objectives 1) Benefits and challenges of building with mass timber compared to other structural systems. 2) Sustainability benefits of mass timber. 3) How to communicate about mass timber and respond to concerns about using mass timber. 4) Understand how mass timber contributes to LEED.
Ryan Yaden Associate Lake | Flato Architects
MASS TIMBER CLIMATE CHANGE, BEAUTY + BIOPHILIA
STICK FRAME Max 5 stories Must be covered Quality control
TIMBER FRAME + DECKING -By code, lumber of a certain size prescribed by code -Beauty -Code limitations -Acoustic limitations
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TIMBER AND MASS TIMBER Timber made up of smaller components like 2x4’s [or smaller] glued or pressed together. LOTS OF ACRONYMS: GLT CLT NLT DLT MPP T&G LVL PSL
Mass Timber Suite CLT CLT NL NLT GLT GLT T& T&G DL DLT MPP MPP
Mass Timber Suite ALBINA YARD
MASS TIMBER: CROSS LAMINATED TIMBER - CLT Efficient, two-way structure Newer technologies, precision Dimensionally stable
MURRY GROVE LONDON, UK Waugh Thistleton Architecture 9 story housing Construction photo Completed 2009 Simple kit of parts CLT only
Carbon Focus – Embodied Carbon END OF LIFE? Green Build | Whole Building LCA
Operational VS Embodied Carbon
TIME VALUE OF CARBON
LEED v4 Building Life Cycle Impact Reduction Credit Option 4: Whole Building Life Cycle Assessment *measures reductions in environmental impacts as compared to a baseline building. Impact Categories: • Global Warming Potential • Ozone Depletion Potential • Acidification Potential • Eutrophication Potential • Formation of Tropospheric Ozone • Non-Renewable Energy Consumption *at least three of the six categories, including Global Warming Potential, must achieve this 10% reduction
LCA life cycle assessment calculation method for determining cradle to grave (extraction to disposal) embodied energy and environmental impacts Carbon Leadership Forum Document: LCA Practice Guide
Option 2: Compare baseline design to the current design Design Baseline 3-ply CLT panel -3/4" acoustic mat -3" concrete with fiber 3" concrete decking 1 Floor slab mesh -3" concrete with rebar 2 Column 11" Glulam HSS 8x8 steel column Glulam sized per Beams drawings W16x26 steel beam 3 8" cast in place concrete 4 Shear walls 5-ply CLT panels with rebar reinforcement metal panels, 24 gauge steel, coated with Cladding Slate panels flouropolymer paint 5
Denver Achievement Center LCA Comparison 140% 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Acidification Eutrophication Global Warming Ozone Smog Primary Energy Non-renewable Renewable Mass Total Potential Total Potential Total Potential Depletion Formation Demand Energy Demand Energy Demand Potential Potential Baseline TIMBER
FORESTRY PRACTICES AND EMBODIED CARBON BEST CASE = FSC
MASS TIMBER Biophilia – quality of natural environment Fewer added materials and toxins, more efficiency Reduced greenhouse gas emissions
CRAFT PLACEMAKING PERFORMANCE COMMUNITY
HIGH PERFORMANCE + WELLNESS Houston MFA Conservation Center
SOTO OFFICE UNIVERSITY OF DENVER BUILDING BURWELL CARRIER ACHIEVEMENT CENTER denver, colorado san antonio, texas TRINITY UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA HUMANITIES BUILDING SEAS DATA SCIENCE BUILDING san antonio, texas philadelphia, pennsylvania
CHALLENGES 1. Limits of spans and cantilevers 2. Weaker for heavy assemblies 3. Localized comfort and knowledge 4. Increased emphasis on coordination 5. Assemblies listings limited 6. Early commitment – DD/CD
INTEGRATED DESIGN WORKSHOP
Integrated Design Workshop at DU
Integrated Design Workshop 80+ participants Students, faculty, facilities, leadership Key goals included: Xeriscape and usable outdoor spaces Explore mass timber structure Maximize variety Universal design Explore Net zero energy User control Explore composting toilets
COLLECT • STUDENTS • ALUMNI • ENTERPRISE - STICKY SPACES
TIMBER BAY SIZING – 24’ GRID
MINIMIZE FIBER VOLUME
COORDINATE, COORDINATE, COORDINATE….
SHOP DRAWINGS
UNIVERSITY OF DENVER BURWELL CAREER ACHIEVEMENT CENTER denver, colorado SIZE: 23,000 SF BUDGET: $13.5 M Tracking LEED Platinum in construction: 2020 fall completion
Ankit Sanghvi Preconstruction Manager PCL Construction
TIME LAPSE VIDEO
PROCUREMENT: Manufacturer Selection Domestic vs. International Sourcing Varying Panel Fabrication Size Limits Engineering Support Panel Width Shipping Constraints – Land vs. Sea Proximity to Jobsite / Shipping Costs Sustainability – FSC vs. SFI Certification Aesthetic Considerations Wood Species
PROCUREMENT: Best Practices Early Go/No-Go Decision on Mass Timber CM/GC design-assist Early supplier selection vs. competitive bid Optimize structural grid with supplier input Maximize time for design coordination Shop drawing release o MEP coordination o Fabrication lead time o Constructability reviews o Transfer of Revit model to contractor
MEP COORDINATION: Case Study – Wood Innovation Design Center
MEP COORDINATION: Case Study – CSU Pavilion at Laurel Village 1 st CLT project in Colorado (2014) LEED Platinum certification No topping slabs at floor assembly Rigid insulation at roof assembly Long span, exposed ceilings Extensive use of mockups
MEP COORDINATION: Burwell Center for Career Achievement Challenge: No exposed conduit! Well defined space programming Originally explored access flooring 3” topping slabs at floor & roof assembly 3D model ALL conduit Penetration overlay with CLT shop drawings Strategic placement of soffits & ceilings Topping slab reinforcing
MEP COORDINATION: Best Practices Identify aesthetic MEP routing goals early Determine extent of flexibility required Early transfer of REVIT model Prioritize MEP penetration coordination Consolidate MEP in soffits/ceilings Maximize shop penetrations made with CNC machine in factory Minimize field penetrations
CONSTRUCTION TYPE ANALYSIS: III-A vs. III-B 1 st Floor Location of Event Space Rooftop Construction Type III-A III-B Assembly Group A-3 A-3 Fire Resistive Rating 1-Hr Not required Connections Concealed Exposed CLT Panel Thickness 5-Ply 3-Ply Superstructure Cost/SF $65/SF $53/SF
CONSTRUCTION EFFICIENCIES: Reduced Waste Prefabricated components Precision-fit No scrap material or field cuts Reduced deliveries / construction traffic Smaller onsite workforce Less impact on water quality / SWPPP
CONSTRUCTION EFFICIENCIES: Site Planning Targeted Goals: Pick CLT panels directly off the trailer Eliminate double-handling Eliminate onsite storage of material Eliminate back-up of deliveries Best Practices: Align erection and fabrication sequence Optimize lay down area & crane placement Review onsite vs. offsite marshalling yard
CONSTRUCTION EFFICIENCIES: Faster Schedule 40% Faster than Concrete! Concurrent CLT core wall erection Eliminate re-shores Accelerated start of MEP rough-in Reduced manpower & crew size Prefabrication / precision-fit Minimal weather protection No temp heat required Erected in 6 weeks with 8 person crew
James Rosner Associate Vice-Chancellor University of Denver
UNIVERSITY OF DENVER: Campus Overview • Founded in 1864 • 11,500 students & 3,800 faculty/staff • 3.8 million square feet over 125 acres • Campus is a Working Arboretum University Hall: 1892 • “Millennium” buildings built to a 100- year standard – Several LEED Gold and Silver Certified • “Great Private University dedicated to the Public Good” Engineering/Computer Science: 2016
Polling Question: What is the best way to gain support for the use of Mass Timber? – Campus Carbon Neutrality Goal? – Campus Sustainability Goal? – Individual Building Performance Goal?
UNIVERSITY OF DENVER: Campus Energy and GHG Goals • Carbon Neutrality by 2050 – 24% reduction by 2020* – 45% reduction by 2025* • AASHE STARS Gold by 2020 • “Green Fund” Projects – Internally funded projects – 5-year payback ROI – Savings returned to fund • 5% on-site renewable energy production by 2025 784 kW Ritchie Center installation from Solar PPA *For scope I, II, and III emissions
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