Manufacturing Polymer Concrete by Using Reused Aggregates, - - PDF document

Manufacturing Polymer Concrete by Using Reused Aggregates, Presentation

33

By

Mohammad Tahir Hamza

Supervised by

• Dr. Awham Mohammed Hameed

Assistant Professor

Manufacturing Polymer Concrete by Using Reused Aggregates

Introduction

 The Concrete is a mixture of :  Water, Aggregate, Binding Material and

Additives.

 The word concrete commonly means

Portland Cement Concrete (PCC), in that binder is Portland cement.

 If the binder is artificial resin of polymer,

then we talk about Polymer Concrete (PC).

Polymer Concrete

Polymer Concrete is a composite material in which aggregates are bonded together with polymer resins, without cement or water with it. These composites which made with polymer and aggregates are called ‘polymer concrete’ (PC). The mechanical and physical properties of polymer concrete depend on the types and content of binder and aggregates.

Properties of PC

• 1. High tensile strength,
• 2. High flexural strengths,
• 3. High compressive strengths;
• 4. Good chemical and corrosion resistances;
• 5. Low permeability to water and aggressive solutions;
• 6. Rapid curing at loge range of temperatures;
• 7. Good adhesion to most surfaces;
• 8. Excellent thermal and electric properties (insulation);
• 9. Relatively low density;
• 10. Low or ( light ) weight.

Compared Properties

PC = Polymer concrete; and PCC = Portland cement concrete.

Properties Unit PC PCC

Compressive strength MPa 50 - 210 20 - 58 Elastic modulus GPa 9- 40 20 - 31 Flexural Strength MPa 13 - 45 2 - 8 Tensile Strength MPa 8 - 25 1 – 4 Water Absorption % 0.05 – 1.0 5.00 – 10.00

Green / Eco-Friendly Concrete

Green concrete is defined as a concrete which uses waste material as at least one of its components, or its production process does not lead to environmental destruction On the other hand, green concrete show many advantages such as :

 Improvement in concrete

properties,

 Low carbon footprint,  Conservation of natural

resources.

Environmental Effects of Cement

About (8~10) % of total world CO2 emissions, which are believed to be the main drivers of global climate change comes from the cement manufacturing process in cement factories. Global warming gas is released when the raw material of cement, limestone and clay is crushed and heated in a furnace at high temperature (1400-1500 ○C). Each year, approximately (1.89) billion tons of cement has been produced worldwide.

Where Does CO2 Come From In Cement?

 Direct energy-

related emissions

 Indirect energy-

related emissions, and

 Process-related

emissions

Construction and Demolition Wastes

The Construction and Demolition Wastes of concrete building and construction activities was increased by the years. This waste material usually is dumped into the landfill. These waste materials compose

• f elements such as Si and
• ther oxides could be activated

to produce composite known as Polymer Concrete.

Aims of the Work

 The aims of this current work is to produce

composite materials named polymer concrete (PC) and ,

 Solve some of the solid waste

problems posed by demolition and construction materials.

 Conservation of natural resources.  Reduce

total world

CO2

emissions comes from the cement manufacturing process in cement factories.

Experimental Work

Polymers are used

1- Epoxy 2- Polyester

Aggregates

1- Waste of concrete debris. (CO) 2- Waste of ceramic tiles. (CR) 3- Waste of building bricks. (BL) Also, 4- Natural sand. (NS) and, 5- River sand. (RS), were used as aggregate

Some processes were made on Recycled Aggregate after collected

1- Classification, 2- Cleaning from dust, 3- Drying, 4- Crashing, 5- Sieving

Classification, of Recycled Aggregates 1- Waste of concrete debris.

2- Waste of ceramic tiles. 3- Waste of building bricks.

1 2 3

Crashing,

Jaw crusher

Grading of fine aggregate used throughout this work.

Sieve size (mm) Cumulative passing % NS Cumulative passing % RS Cumulative passing % CO Cumulative passing % CR Cumulative passing % BL Limit of Iraqi specification No.45/1984

10 100 100 100 100 100 100 4.75 100 100 100 100 100 95-100 2.36 100 100 100 100 100 95-100 1.18 100 100 100 100 100 90-100 0.600 33 53 89 86 93 80-100 0.300 10 46 62 67 76 15-50 0.150 2 5 41 53 55 0-15

Sieving

1 2 3

After Sieving

Mixing and Molding of PC

Samples of PC

CO+UP NS+EP BL+UP RS+EP CR+UP

(5*5*5) cm

(UP+NS) 25% After 100 days

BL+EP CR+EP CO+UP NS+UP

(4*4*16) cm

CR+EP BL+EP RS+UP RS+C BL+C

(2*1) inch

Test Procedures

 Bulk density  Sieving ( for aggregate )  Compressive strength  Flexural strength  Splitting tensile strength  Schmidt Hammer  Water Absorption ( Diffusion )

The Results

Bulk Density

Compressive strength

Compressive Strength Samples

A F E D B C P P

Compressive Strength of Blend PC

C B A P

Compressive Strength Samples

A B C A B C

GF SF

P P

Flexural strength

Flexural Strength of Blend PC

Flexural Strength Samples Blend PC

A E D C B

PCC

Flexural Strength of GF & SF

B A

SF

Flexural Strength Samples of GF

A E C D B

Splitting tensile strength

Splitting tensile strength of Blend PC

D C B A

P

Schmidt hammer (Rebound No.)

Water Absorption

Water Absorption of UP PC

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

Water Absorption %

√ D1 √ D2 √ D3 √ D4 √ D7 √ D14 √ D21 √ D28 √ D30 √ D60 √ D90 √ D120

Water Absorption of EP PC

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

Water Absorption %

√ D1 √ D2 √ D3 √ D4 √ D7 √ D14 √ D21 √ D28 √ D30 √ D60 √ D90 √ D120

Water Absorption of Blend PC

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

B+CO 30% B+CR 30% B+BL 30% B+NS 30% B+RS 30% B+CO 25% B+CR 25% B+BL 25% B+NS 25% B+RS 25% B+CO 20% B+CR 20% B+BL 20% B+NS 20% B+RS 20% C+CO (2:1) C+CR (2:1) C+BL (2:1) C+NS (2:1) C+RS (2:1) Water Absorption %

√ D1 √ D2 √ D3 √ D4 √ D7 √ D14 √ D21 √ D30 √ D60 √ D90 √ D120

Applications of PC Overlays , Repairs , Patching .

Applications of PC, Precast , marble , pipes , etc. ..

Conclusions

1- Can use the construction and demolition wastes as fine aggregates an instead of natural sand. 2- It was used a polymer resin as cement replacement as binder materials. 3- Bulk density decreasing were increase the percentage polymer resin and the bulk density of PC reinforced with GF was lower than density of SF. 4- All densities of PC are low when compared with PCC, therefore it can be considered as light weight concrete. 5- Water Absorption behavior of PC appear very low values of weight gain percentage and the diffusion coefficient in all formulations of PC, while the values of PCC are high as compared as with PC.

Conclusions

6- In UP, EP and Blending Concrete the strengths are increasing with increase the percentage of polymeric resins as unsaturated polyester, epoxy, and blending between them. 7- Fracture behavior is not brittle as in PCC as shown in the failure mode of specimens and not arrives to final fail when applied the maximum loads, which was in case of blending PC. 8- Polymer Concrete reinforcement by glass fiber GF have mechanical properties higher than PC reinforced with silica fume SF and have good ductile behavior especially in the flexural strength. 9- Polymer Concrete has high values and good behavior when as compared as with ordinary Portland cement concrete which made from the same aggregates and under the same work environments.

Recommendations

• 1. Using other wastes as aggregate or as fillers for polymer concrete,

such as electric waste, plastic waste, glass waste, Tires, etc...

• 2. Ignore grain size less than 75 micrometer of grain size distributions
• f aggregates.
• 3. Using some different types of constructions and demolition waste as

coarse aggregates.

• 4. Investigation the effect of different environments on PCs properties.
• 5. Addition types of coupling agents to improve adhesion between the

matrix and aggregates.

• 6. Determination of factors between natural and artificial weathering

tests on a longer time-scale.

• 7. Investigation of long-term mechanical properties of PC

formulations: flexural fatigue and creep behavior under high temperatures.

• 8. Analysis of thermal and acoustic characteristics of PCs modified

with lightweight aggregates.

Published Researches

1

2

3

4

5

Patent

Thank You For Your Attention