MANAGING A HYDROPOWER IMPASSE ON THE KUNENE RIVER by P Heyns - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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MANAGING A HYDROPOWER IMPASSE ON THE KUNENE RIVER by P Heyns - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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MANAGING A HYDROPOWER IMPASSE ON THE KUNENE RIVER by P Heyns Pr Eng Department of Water Affairs and Forestry INTERNATIONAL RIVER BASINS Department of Water Affairs and Forestry KUNENE RIVER BASIN Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

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SLIDE 1

MANAGING A HYDROPOWER IMPASSE ON THE KUNENE RIVER

by P Heyns Pr Eng

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

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SLIDE 2

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

INTERNATIONAL RIVER BASINS

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SLIDE 3

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

KUNENE RIVER BASIN

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SLIDE 4

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

Catchment Area = 10 500 km² Area in Angola = 87 % Area in Namibia = 13 % Rainfall = 1 300 – 25 mm/a Rainfall is Seasonal = 90 % November to April Rainfall is Variable = 50 – 200 % of average Evaporation = 300 – 2 000 mm/a Average Flow = 5 500 Mm³/s = 175 m³/s

KUNENE HYDROLOGY

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SLIDE 5

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

HYDRAULIC INFRASTRUCTURE

STRUCTURE CAPACITY PURPOSE Gove Dam Matala Weir

  • Power Station

Calueque Dam

  • Pump Station

Ruacana Weir

  • Power Station

2 570 Mm³ 60 Mm³ 39 MW 475 Mm³ 2 m³/s 20 Mm³ 240 MW Storage/Regulation Irrigation/Hydropower Regulation/Water Supply Regulation/Irrigation/Transfer Water Transfer to Namibia Divert Water to Head Bay Power to Angola and Namibia

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SLIDE 6

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

RUACANA ARTIST’S IMPRESSION

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SLIDE 7

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

RUACANA LAYOUT

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

RUACANA

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

CALUEQUE DAM

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SLIDE 10

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

CALUEQUE PUMP STATION

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

CALUEQUE PUMPING MAIN

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

CALUEQUE – NAMIBIA CANAL

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

WATER TRANSFER TO NAMIBIA

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SLIDE 14

LEGAL FRAMEWORK

International:

  • Helsinki Rules
  • United Nations Watercourse Convention

Regional:

  • SADC Treaty on Regional Economic Cooperation
  • SADC Protocol on Shared Watercourses

National:

  • Agreements between Angola and Namibia water issues
  • In country water policy, legislation and regulations

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

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SLIDE 15

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

KUNENE TREATIES

DOCUMENT DOCUMENT YEAR YEAR First Border Agreement Second Border Agreement First Water Use Agreement Second Water Use Agreement Third Water Use Agreement Endorsement Agreement Hydropower Development Agreement 1890 1926 1926 1964 1969 1990 1991

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Governments of Angola and Namibia Permanent Joint Technical Commission

Operating Authority Sub-committees

Operation and Maintenance

  • f

Infrastructure Studies, Investigations, Feasibility, Measuring and Monitoring

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGMENTS

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SLIDE 17

ENABLING ENVIRONMENT

Political Commitment:

  • Committed to SADC Shared Water Protocol
  • Treaties exist

Water Commission:

  • Established
  • Advisory role
  • Technical Committees
  • Investigations and studies

Operating Authority:

  • Defunct

Basin Management Committee:

  • Not in place

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

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SLIDE 18

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

CALUEQUE BEFORE ATTACK

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

BOMB DAMAGE : CALUEQUE DAM

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

BOMB DAMAGE : CALUEQUE DAM

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

DAMAGE AT CALUEQUE

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The pipeline was attacked on occasion The pipeline was attacked on occasion for tactical reasons for tactical reasons

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

KUNENE RIVER POTENTIAL

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

EPUPA FALLS

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

EPUPA FALLS

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

EPUPA DAM SITE

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SLIDE 27

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE

STRUCTURE STRUCTURE ITEM ITEM EPUPA EPUPA BAYNES BAYNES Dam Capacity Dam Capacity (Mm (Mm³ ³) ) Hydropower Capacity Hydropower Capacity (MW) (MW) Height Height (m) (m) Surface Area Surface Area (km (km² ²) ) Downstream from Epupa (km) Downstream from Epupa (km) 7 809 7 809 360 360 161 161 382 382 7 7 1 744 1 744 360 360 203 203 49 49 40 40

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SLIDE 28

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVES

FAVOURABILITY

ISSUE

BAYNES EPUPA

Technical Financial Economical Environmental Lower Lower Lower Higher Better Higher Higher Lower

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SLIDE 29

FACILITATING COLLABORATION

  • Create awareness about the value of cooperation
  • Agree to cooperate in good faith
  • Maintain dialogue to develop trust and understanding
  • Openly discuss concerns and expectations
  • Develop a shared vision and objectives
  • Involve stakeholders and cooperating partners
  • Bypass issues of conflict and make progress
  • Resolve conflicts over time in an amicable way
  • Build capacity and confidence through training
  • Develop management and negotiating skills
  • Promote transparency and accountability

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

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SLIDE 30

TECHNICAL COOPERATION

  • Execute joint studies, investigations and research
  • Collect data, verify jointly and exchange information
  • Develop technical, scientific and legal skills
  • Propose viable development projects
  • Allocate water for the most beneficial uses
  • Jointly do hydrological gauging and assessment
  • Control pollution and monitor water quality
  • Assess environmental integrity
  • Manage floods and droughts

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

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BEST PRACTICES

  • Execute joint resource investigations and feasibility studies
  • Arrange for reliable data collection and monitoring
  • Exchange and share information
  • Determine criteria and agree on the facts
  • Develop a multi criteria decision making process
  • Reach consensus on the best project alternatives
  • Develop an integrated management plan
  • Advise the Governments about new projects
  • Enter into agreements to effect development activities
  • Promote joint project management

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

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SLIDE 32

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

CALUEQUE – NAMIBIA CANAL

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Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVES

FAVOURABILITY ISSUE BAYNES EPUPA Technical

  • Reservoir
  • Height
  • Geology
  • Sensitivity to upstream regulation

Financial

  • Capital Cost
  • Risk of overruns

Economical

  • Power Production
  • Present Value of System Cost
  • Internal Rate of Return

Environmental

  • Inundated area
  • Riverine Vegation Affected
  • Preservation of Epupa Falls

Lower Lower Weaker Critical Higher Higher Lower Higher Lower Less Less Yes Better Better Better None Lower Lower Higher Lower Higher More More None