LUNAR 3D PRINTING Launch Less by Launching More Dan Nevius - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

LUNAR 3D PRINTING Launch Less by Launching More Dan Nevius - danielnevius@gmail.com Wednesday, February 27, 13

lunar 3d printing motivation the space game why we don’t live on the moon (yet) what is 3d printing adapting for the moon lunar 3d printing current state work still to do the future to work toward Wednesday, February 27, 13

space exploration why we should go why we shouldn’t not go Wednesday, February 27, 13

space exploration why we should go why we shouldn’t not go science Wednesday, February 27, 13

space exploration why we should go why we shouldn’t not go understand our place in the universe Wednesday, February 27, 13

space exploration why we should go why we shouldn’t not go technology spinoffs Wednesday, February 27, 13

space exploration why we should go why we shouldn’t not go jobs Wednesday, February 27, 13

space exploration why we should go why we shouldn’t not go because we can Wednesday, February 27, 13

space exploration why we should go why we shouldn’t not go to inspire Wednesday, February 27, 13

space exploration why we should go why we shouldn’t not go limited resources Wednesday, February 27, 13

space exploration why we should go why we shouldn’t not go population growth Wednesday, February 27, 13

space exploration why we should go why we shouldn’t not go killer asteroids Wednesday, February 27, 13

why is this conference not taking place on the moon? then now ~40 yrs Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game national commercial technology economics politics Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game national commercial technology POLITICS economics politics Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game national commercial technology POLITICS economics politics Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game national commercial technology POLITICS economics politics Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game national commercial technology POLITICS fear economics jobs (fear) politics Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game national commercial technology POLITICS ECONOMICS fear economics jobs (fear) politics Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game national commercial technology POLITICS ECONOMICS fear economics jobs (fear) politics Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game national commercial technology POLITICS ECONOMICS fear economics jobs (fear) politics Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game national commercial technology POLITICS ECONOMICS fear sustainability economics jobs (fear) politics same concerns, different rules Wednesday, February 27, 13

so why no moon colony? government technology: economics: limited budgets little vision politics: little motivation status quo easy Wednesday, February 27, 13

so why no moon colony? government commercial technology: unproven markets economics: limited budgets high costs little vision adapting regulations politics: little motivation proving technology status quo easy Wednesday, February 27, 13

problems to focus on 1st 2nd 3rd 4th perception/ safety cost technology market delay astronaut launch = large cost make sure it works return on investment involvement minimize launch cool not crazy loss of life = worst mass and size design goals: safe, cheap + functional Wednesday, February 27, 13

traditional space construction NASA futron corp NASA SpaceX Wednesday, February 27, 13

ideal lunar structure construction safety automated use local materials lower cost reduce equipment mass + size gets the job done functional bonus: has terrestrial applications Wednesday, February 27, 13

3d printing Yan & Gu 1996 digital representation materials - thermoplastics slice into layers - metals - ceramics build instructions - food (pastes) layer deposition - biological material Wednesday, February 27, 13

3d printing techniques a) selective laser sintering (sls) b) inkjet printing with a binder c) laminated object manufacturing d) fused deposition modeling (fdm) Wednesday, February 27, 13

build examples tools fashion art architectural models instruments medical devices 3d printers Wednesday, February 27, 13

large scale 3d printing Wednesday, February 27, 13

large scale 3d printing Ceccanti et al. 2010 Khoshnevis 2004 Lim 2012 Lim 2012 Wednesday, February 27, 13

3d printing for space • solves problems: • automated = safety, limited boots on the ground • cost = low mass, uses local materials, one launch creates many structures • complexity = free Wednesday, February 27, 13

adapting for space space conditions: vacuum reduced gravity temperature extremes power considerations dust micrometeorite impacts ionizing radiation habitat requirements printing on a large scale Wednesday, February 27, 13

adapting for space Adapted from Williams et al. 2011 Wednesday, February 27, 13

current lunar 3d printing technology state materials research: lunacrete, lunar glass lunar 3d printing projects: khoshnevis + NASA dini + foster & partners + ESA Wednesday, February 27, 13

can we do better? improvement leads to increased cheaper, safer? overall feasibility and likeliness of it actually happening heavy gantry system - get rid of it lower the launch mass mobile robotics - minimize it Wednesday, February 27, 13

cambridge research: launch instead of extruding reduce mass further by using stationary system Wednesday, February 27, 13

research focus drop impact - angle and impact speed depend on drop location - surface conditions - build material properties Ideal drops: - uniform building blocks - significant height - drop shape independent of angle and impact speed - ability to support additional layers Wednesday, February 27, 13

test materials newtonian Wednesday, February 27, 13

test materials newtonian viscoplastic Wednesday, February 27, 13

test materials newtonian viscoplastic dilatant Wednesday, February 27, 13

impact behavior results newtonian: spreading splashing at high velocity wetting - small drop height no stacking without curing first viscoplastic: diameter dependent on velocity bouncing/rebound stacks unreliably has significant drop height dilatant: diameter independent of velocity and angle stacks when dry wetting - small drop height Wednesday, February 27, 13

next steps • getting dilatant/viscoplastic impact properties from lunar material • maintaining drop impact behaviors in lunar conditions -- outgassing, evaporation • material prep process + launch process Wednesday, February 27, 13

implications • short term (though not soon) • bulk material + radiation/impact cover • reduction of launch mass for lunar missions • increasing safety • limited functionality • long term • technology more advanced • starts make more sense to manufacture space hardware in space than on Earth • used to build tools, parts, infrastructure, circuitry etc. • manufacturing on the moon for other missions to solar system destinations • less energy required to launch from the moon than from Earth • combine with lunar mining, h3 fuel depots Wednesday, February 27, 13

Summary • overlapping national and commercial playing fields designing for the • share 3 concerns: politics, economics, technology space industry • overcome by designing safe, cost-effective and multi-functional technology • 3d printing = increases safety, decreases launch mass and therefore cost • scaling and adapting earth 3d printers leads to large bulky gantry systems or mobile robotics lunar 3d printing • launching material instead of moving printer head extruders = further reduction of mass and energy consumption • much more work to be done launch less hardware by using a 3d printer that launches more material Wednesday, February 27, 13

Questions? danielnevius@gmail.com @dnevius Wednesday, February 27, 13