LUNAR 3D PRINTING Launch Less by Launching More Dan Nevius - - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

LUNAR 3D PRINTING

Launch Less by Launching More Dan Nevius - danielnevius@gmail.com

Wednesday, February 27, 13

lunar 3d printing

motivation the space game why we don’t live on the moon (yet) what is 3d printing adapting for the moon lunar 3d printing current state work still to do the future to work toward

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space exploration

why we should go why we shouldn’t not go

Wednesday, February 27, 13

space exploration

why we should go why we shouldn’t not go

science

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space exploration

why we should go why we shouldn’t not go

understand our place in the universe

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space exploration

why we should go why we shouldn’t not go

technology spinoffs

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space exploration

why we should go why we shouldn’t not go

jobs

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space exploration

why we should go why we shouldn’t not go

because we can

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space exploration

why we should go why we shouldn’t not go to inspire

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space exploration

why we should go why we shouldn’t not go

limited resources

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space exploration

why we should go why we shouldn’t not go

population growth

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space exploration

why we should go why we shouldn’t not go

killer asteroids

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why is this conference not taking place on the moon?

then now ~40 yrs

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the space game

technology economics politics

national commercial

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the space game

technology economics politics

national commercial

POLITICS

Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game

technology economics politics

national commercial

POLITICS

Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game

technology economics politics

national commercial

POLITICS

Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game

technology economics politics

national commercial

POLITICS jobs fear (fear)

Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game

technology economics politics

national commercial

POLITICS ECONOMICS jobs fear (fear)

Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game

technology economics politics

national commercial

POLITICS ECONOMICS jobs fear (fear)

Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game

technology economics politics

national commercial

POLITICS ECONOMICS jobs fear (fear)

Wednesday, February 27, 13

the space game

technology economics politics

national commercial

same concerns, different rules POLITICS ECONOMICS jobs fear (fear) sustainability

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so why no moon colony?

government technology: economics: politics:

limited budgets little vision little motivation status quo easy

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so why no moon colony?

government commercial technology: economics: politics:

limited budgets unproven markets high costs little vision little motivation status quo easy adapting regulations proving technology

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problems to focus on

cost safety perception/ market technology

return on investment 1st 2nd 3rd 4th

design goals: safe, cheap + functional

delay astronaut involvement loss of life = worst launch = large cost minimize launch mass and size make sure it works cool not crazy

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traditional space construction

futron corp SpaceX NASA NASA

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ideal lunar structure construction

safety lower cost functional automated use local materials reduce equipment mass + size gets the job done bonus: has terrestrial applications

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3d printing

Yan & Gu 1996

materials

• thermoplastics
• metals
• ceramics
• food (pastes)
• biological material

digital representation slice into layers build instructions layer deposition

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3d printing techniques

a) selective laser sintering (sls) b) inkjet printing with a binder c) laminated object manufacturing d) fused deposition modeling (fdm)

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build examples

tools fashion art architectural models instruments medical devices 3d printers

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large scale 3d printing

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Ceccanti et al. 2010 Khoshnevis 2004 Lim 2012

large scale 3d printing

Lim 2012 Wednesday, February 27, 13

3d printing for space

• solves problems:
• automated = safety, limited boots on the

ground

• cost = low mass, uses local materials, one

launch creates many structures

• complexity = free

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adapting for space

space conditions: vacuum reduced gravity ionizing radiation dust temperature extremes power considerations micrometeorite impacts habitat requirements printing on a large scale

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adapting for space

Adapted from Williams et al. 2011

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current lunar 3d printing technology state

materials research: lunacrete, lunar glass lunar 3d printing projects: khoshnevis + NASA dini + foster & partners + ESA

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can we do better?

cheaper, safer? improvement leads to increased

• verall feasibility and likeliness of

it actually happening lower the launch mass heavy gantry system - get rid of it mobile robotics - minimize it

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cambridge research: launch instead of extruding

reduce mass further by using stationary system

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research focus

drop impact

• angle and impact speed

depend on drop location

• surface conditions
• build material properties

Ideal drops:

• uniform building blocks
• significant height
• drop shape independent of

angle and impact speed

• ability to support additional

layers

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test materials

newtonian

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test materials

viscoplastic newtonian

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test materials

viscoplastic newtonian dilatant

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impact behavior results

newtonian: viscoplastic: dilatant:

no stacking without curing first bouncing/rebound diameter independent of velocity and angle splashing at high velocity spreading wetting - small drop height diameter dependent on velocity stacks unreliably stacks when dry has significant drop height wetting - small drop height

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• getting dilatant/viscoplastic impact

properties from lunar material

next steps

• maintaining drop impact behaviors in lunar

conditions -- outgassing, evaporation

• material prep process + launch process

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• short term (though not soon)
• bulk material + radiation/impact cover
• reduction of launch mass for lunar missions
• increasing safety
• limited functionality

implications

• long term
• technology more advanced
• starts make more sense to manufacture space hardware in space than on Earth
• used to build tools, parts, infrastructure, circuitry etc.
• manufacturing on the moon for other missions to solar system destinations
• less energy required to launch from the moon than from Earth
• combine with lunar mining, h3 fuel depots

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Summary

designing for the space industry lunar 3d printing

• overlapping national and commercial playing fields
• share 3 concerns: politics, economics, technology
• overcome by designing safe, cost-effective and multi-functional

technology

• 3d printing = increases safety, decreases launch mass and therefore

cost

• scaling and adapting earth 3d printers leads to large bulky gantry

systems or mobile robotics

• launching material instead of moving printer head extruders = further

reduction of mass and energy consumption

• much more work to be done

launch less hardware by using a 3d printer that launches more material

Wednesday, February 27, 13

danielnevius@gmail.com @dnevius

Questions?

Wednesday, February 27, 13