LTE WLAN B LTE, WLAN, B LUETOOTH AND OO F UTURE F UTURE Aditya K. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

LTE WLAN B

OO

LTE, WLAN, BLUETOOTH AND FUTURE FUTURE

Aditya K. Jagannatham Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Commonwealth of Learning Vancouver

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4G LTE 4G LTE

• LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the 4G

wireless cellular standard developed by the 3GPP (3rd G i P hi P j ) Generation Partnership Project) alliance

• 3GPP is the group which also
• versaw the development of

( UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) S d d Standard

– In that sense LTE is an Evolution of UMTS

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UMTS

LTE LTE

• The corresponding evolution of the core

network comprising of the GPRS/3G Packet p g core is termed as SAE (System Architecture Evolution) Evolution)

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Aims of LTE Aims of LTE

• LTE is mainly aimed at meeting the high

demand for data access over wireless networks

• These include applications such as
• These include applications such as

– Online Gaming with Multimedia – Mobile TV – Broadband content streaming such as videos, g , movies etc

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LTE Timeline

2000 3GPP Release 99 Air Interface 2001 3GPP Release 4/ Deployed in Japan 2001 3GPP Release 4/ Deployed in Japan 2002 3GPP Release 5, IMS, HSDPA, Commercial Deployment in Europe 2004 3GPP Release 6, HSDPA, MBMS, Work started on LTE 2007 3GPP Release 7, HSPA+, VOIP 2008 Preliminary version with Release 8 2010 Targeted first deployment

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2010 Targeted first deployment

Cellular Data Rate Evolution Cellular Data Rate Evolution

3GPP R99 3GPP R5 3GPP R6 3GPP R7 3GPP R8

LTE: 160 Mbps HSPA: 42 Mbps LTE: 50 Mbps 28 Mbps

DL Peak Rate

14 Mbps 11 Mbps

DL Peak Rate

0.4 Mbps 14 Mbps 5.7 Mbps MOOC on M4D 2013 p 0.4 Mbps 0.4 Mbps

UL Peak Rate

LTE Features LTE Features

• Based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division

( g q y Multiplexing)

– Built for High Speed broadband Wireless Access g p

• High spectral Efficiency – Up to 6 bits/ symbol

(64 QAM) ( Q )

• Very high data rates – Approximately 200‐ 300

Mbps in the downlink and 50‐100 Mbps in the Mbps in the downlink and 50 100 Mbps in the uplink

• Supports TDD (Time Division Duplexing) and
• Supports TDD (Time Division Duplexing) and

Frequency Division Duplexing

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LTE Features LTE Features

• Bandwidth Scalability – 1 4 MHz to 20 MHz

Bandwidth Scalability 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz, depending on availability of spectrum

• Supports multiple and Advanced antenna

processing. p g

– In particular, MIMO can be used to achieve high data rates data rates

• All interfaces and backhaul based on IP

– Easy to integrate with existing internet based service infrastructure

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LTE Features LTE Features

• QoS Aspects – Ensures strict quality of service

QoS Aspects Ensures strict quality of service compliance with all services such as voice quality video quality delay and latency in quality, video quality, delay and latency in video streaming etc

• Seamless roaming over existing 2G and 3G

networks

– Backward compatibility where 4G infrastructure does not exist does not exist

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WILRELESS LAN – WIFI, 802.11 STANDARDS ,

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Wireless LAN Wireless LAN

• With LANs (Local Area Networks), primarily

p y based on Ethernet, becoming popular in the late 90s the stage was set for the late 90s, the stage was set for the development of wireless LANs

A th i li i t ti f LAN d – As the name implies, integration of LAN and wireless technologies

• Provide flexibility and mobility in indoor

environment

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WiFi Architecture WiFi Architecture

WiFi WiFi

Wireless LAN

Internet

Device WiFi Device WiFi Device WiFi WiFi Device WiFi Device ADSL Modem Device WiFi Device WiFi

Access P i

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Point

Server

Wireless LAN Wireless LAN

• Typically operate in Unlicensed bands such as

– ISM (Industrial, Scientific, Medical) band ( , , ) – U‐NII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure) band Infrastructure) band

• This unlicensed nature allows for

d l d d l b l i l development and deployment by multiple

• perators, vendors

– Especially for educational and medical purposes

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WLAN WLAN

• WLANs can provide connectivity in hotspot

areas, homes, offices etc.

• Typical settings include

C ff h i t t it h b f – Coffee shops, airports, transit hubs, conferences – Universities, Schools, educational institutions – Offices, government institutions, Homes, community centres

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802 11 Standards 802.11 Standards

• WLANs are predominantly dominated by

802.11x based devices also termed as WiFi.

• The development of 802.11 suite of

standards was led by IEEE (Institute of standards was led by IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)

• Various 802.11 standards are summarized in

the next slide along with the timeline the next slide along with the timeline

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WLAN Technologies and Timeline WLAN Technologies and Timeline

802 11 Year Bandwidth Data Rate Technology 802.11 Standars Year Bandwidth Data Rate Technology 802 11a 1999 20 MHz 6 54 Mbps OFDM (Orthogonal 802.11a 1999 20 MHz 6‐54 Mbps OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) p g) 802.11b 1999 20 MHz 1‐11 Mbps DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) p p 802.11g 2003 20 MHz 6‐54 Mbps OFDM, DSSS 802.11n 2009 20, 40 MHz ~10 – 150 OFDM 802.11n 2009 20, 40 MHz 10 150 Mbps OFDM 802.11 ac 2012 20‐160 MHz 850 Mbps OFDM

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p

WLAN Advantages WLAN Advantages

• Advantages

– Mobility, leads to higher efficiency and y, g y productivity – Cost effective ownership and installation Cost effective ownership and installation (Compared to hard wired infrastructure) Enables dynamic network reconfigurability – Enables dynamic network reconfigurability (hardward software upgrades).

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WLAN Equipment WLAN Equipment

• WLAN Adapter

p

• These provide an interface

between the operating p g system and wireless radio signals g

– Typically PCMCIA, Card bus, PCI and USB.

• Allows laptops, desktops and
• ther devices to connect to

WLAN

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WLAN Equipment WLAN Equipment

• Access point
• Equivalent of a LAN hub

Equivalent of a LAN hub

• Connected with the network backbone
• Communicates with WLAN adapter through

radio signal transmission from antenna g

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WLAN Equipment WLAN Equipment

A P i

• Access Point
• Range approximately 20‐500

metres

• Supports approximately 15‐

pp pp y 100 users

• Multiple APs with

Multiple APs with

• verlapping coverage

necessary for uninterrupted y p connectivity

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WLAN Equipment WLAN Equipment

• WLAN Bridges
• Provide wireless connectivity between two

Provide wireless connectivity between two WLAN networks R d h f d l i i d

• Reduces the cost of deploying wired

infrastructure

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IEEE 802 11 Architecture IEEE 802.11 Architecture

• Two types of 802.11 architecture
• Infrastructure Network

Infrastructure Network

– Several devices connect to an access point A i i f b – Access point serves as point of contact between network and each device

• This is the most popular configuration

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IEEE 802 11 Architecture IEEE 802.11 Architecture

• Point‐to‐Point (Ad hoc Network)

– Creates and supports mutual communication pp between different wireless clients – Does not require access points Does not require access points – Also, commonly known as a peer to peer network network

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IEEE 802 11 Architecture IEEE 802.11 Architecture

WiFi WiFi WiFi Device WiFi Device WiFi Device WiFi Device WiFi Device WiFi Device Device Device

Ad hoc Network

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Ad hoc Network

802 11 Channel Spacing 802.11 Channel Spacing

• Channel Spacing looks as below

– 22 MHz channels placed 25 MHz apart p p

Minimum Channel Spacing Between Center

25 MHz 25 MHz

Spacing Between Center Frequencies

#1 #6 #11 2.4 GHz 22MHz 2.412 GHz 2.462 GHz

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2.437 GHz

WPAN BLUETOOTH

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WPAN WPAN

• WPAN stands for Wireless

Personal Area Networks

• Bluetooth is one of the

dominant WPAN dominant WPAN standards

– The technical number for Bluetooth is IEEE 802.15.1

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Bluetooth Bluetooth

Bl h i i d d

• Bluetooth is intended as a

cable replacement t h l technology

• Supports a small area ad hoc

( network (ie no fixed infrastucture)

• Connects devices such as,

– PDAs, Printers, Cellphones, Storage Devices, Set‐top boxes etc

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Bluetooth Characteristics Bluetooth Characteristics

Headset

• Low power consumption

– Ideal for miniature

Mobile Phone Headset Tablet/ PDA

devices

• Range 0

10 m Small

Laptop/ Phone

• Range 0 – 10 m – Small

scale networks

p p/ Computer Laptop

• Rates – 20 – 100 Kbps

approximately

Printer Mouse

approximately

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Bluetooth Characteristics Bluetooth Characteristics

• Size ‐ ~ 1 inch
• Low cost ~ 10 – 100$

Low cost 10 100$

• Multiple networks and multiple devices

– Minimum Interference

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FUTURE WIRELESS FUTURE WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES

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Future Wireless Technologies Future Wireless Technologies

• LTE Advanced – Advanced 4G Wireless

Technology gy

• Scalable bandwidth up to 100 MHz

C bl f S i d 3 3

• Capable of Supporting data rates up to 3.3

Gbps

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Future Wireless Technologies Future Wireless Technologies

• Cognitive Radio
• Interesting Radio paradigm based on

Interesting Radio paradigm based on Dynamic Spectrum Allocation

E h th ffi i d t fi d – Enhances the efficiency compared to fixed spectrum allocation

• Based on components reconfigurable in

software

– Software Defined Radio

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