Long-term storage of sugar beet in North-West Europe Robert Olsson - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

74 th IIRB Congress 1 – 3 July 2014 Hotel Westin Bellevue Dresden Long-term storage of sugar beet in North-West Europe Robert Olsson Toon Huijbregts, Guy Legrand, Christa Hoffmann, Åsa Olsson COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

References COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

The beet in the clamp is living and living demands energy sucrose glucose + fructose Respiration + ADP + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O heat ATP Koster and Joritsma 1980 COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

Why are we loosing sucrose during storage?  Respiration COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

Why are we loosing sucrose during storage?  Respiration  Wound healing COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

Why are we loosing sucrose during storage?  Respiration  Wound healing  Sprouting COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

Why are we loosing sucrose during storage?  Respiration  Wound healing  Sprouting  Moulds and rots COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

Why are we loosing sucrose during storage?  Respiration  Wound healing  Sprouting  Moulds and rots  Bacteria COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

Why are we loosing sucrose during storage?  Respiration  Wound healing  Sprouting  Moulds and rots  Bacteria  Frost damage COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

How much has to be lost, is lost or could be lost per day? Conditions % g/kg sugar g/ton of beet Perfect 0,03 0,3 50 Very good 0,05 0,5 85 Good 0,1 1 170 Poor 0,3 3 500 COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

Potential for improvement! Conditions % Perfect 2 After Very good 3 60 days Good 6 Poor 18 COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

How to measure sugar losses?  Controlled conditions  respiration Equipment at IRBAB. Photo: IRBAB COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

How to measure sugar losses?  Controlled conditions  respiration  sugar loss Beets in net sacs in container under controlled conditions at IfZ. Photo: IfZ COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

How to measure sugar losses?  Controlled conditions  respiration  sugar loss Beets in boxes under controlled conditions at NBR. COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

How to measure sugar losses?  Controlled conditions  respiration  practice  In the field  Whole clamp trials 150-200 ton whole clamp trials in Sweden. COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

How to measure sugar losses?  Controlled conditions  respiration  practice  In the field  Whole clamp trials  Net bags in clamps Net bags trial in the Netherlands. Photo: IRS COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

How to measure sugar losses?  Controlled conditions  respiration  practice  In the field  Whole clamp trials  Net bags in clamps  Sampling in clamp Sampling in clamp in Sweden COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

Temperature scoring x x x x x x x South North COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

What to analyse?  Standard analysís  Additional  weight  direct sucrose  sugar (pol)  invert sugars  K+Na  raffinose  dirttare/cleanness  soluble nitrogen  marc/dry matter  Others  sprouts  New  moulds  on line glucose  rotten parts COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

What makes the difference? Harvesting Storage Beet material and clamping conditions conditions  Root damage  Beet growing  Storage temperature conditions and period  Defoliation/topping  Variety  Humidity  Weather  Beet size  Frost damage  Treatment COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

What makes the difference? Harvesting Storage Beet material and clamping conditions conditions  Root damage  Beet growing  Storage temperature conditions and period  Defoliation/topping  Variety  Humidity  Weather  Beet size  Frost damage  Treatment COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

What makes the difference? Harvesting Storage Beet material and clamping conditions conditions  Root damage  Beet growing  Storage temperature conditions and period  Defoliation/topping  Variety  Humidity  Weather  Beet size  Frost damage  Treatment COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

What makes the difference? Harvesting Storage Beet material and clamping conditions conditions  Root damage  Beet growing  Storage temperature conditions and period  Defoliation/topping  Variety  Humidity  Weather  Beet size  Frost damage  Treatment COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

What makes the difference? Harvesting Storage Beet material and clamping conditions conditions  Root damage  Beet growing  Storage temperature conditions and period  Defoliation/topping  Variety  Humidity  Weather  Beet size  Frost damage  Treatment COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

Causes for genotypic differences in storage losses of sugar beet Carbohydrate metabolism Susceptibility to damage Pathogen infestation Genotypes with high tissue stability Low enzyme activity and Low susceptibility to damage Less penetration and spread of respiration rate pathogen Less wound Less entry Unspecific heeling points for resistance processes pathogens Low storage losses! (Schnepel & Hoffmann 2014)

What makes the difference? Harvesting Storage Beet material and clamping conditions conditions  Root damage  Beet growing  Storage temperature conditions and period  Defoliation/topping  Variety  Humidity  Weather  Beet size  Frost damage  Treatment COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

What makes the difference? Harvesting Storage Beet material and clamping conditions conditions  Root damage  Beet growing  Storage temperature conditions and period  Defoliation/topping  Variety  Humidity  Weather  Beet size  Frost damage  Treatment COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

What makes the difference? Harvesting Storage Beet material and clamping conditions conditions  Root damage  Beet growing  Storage temperature conditions and period  Defoliation/topping  Variety  Humidity  Weather  Beet size  Frost damage  Treatment COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

What makes the difference? Harvesting Storage Beet material and clamping conditions conditions  Root damage  Beet growing  Storage temperature conditions and period  Defoliation/topping  Variety  Humidity  Weather  Beet size  Frost damage  Treatment COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

Where are we today and where are we going? Photo: Pype COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR

Thank you for your attention! COBRI Coordination Beet Research International IfZ ∙ IRBAB ∙ IRS ∙ NBR